{"data":{"allFeedVeille":{"nodes":[{"title":"Le plus grand lac du Moyen Orient est à sec !","creator":"Morgane Gillard, Rédactrice","pubDate":"Wed, 18 Oct 2023 09:46:33 +0000","contentSnippet":"Le lac d’Ourmia, dans le nord-ouest de l’Iran, est le plus grand lac du Moyen Orient. Enfin… faudrait-il plutôt dire « était ». Car à l’heure actuelle, il n’en reste plus qu’une vaste étendue de sel et quelques poches de saumure. Alors que l’étendue maximale du lac est de 5 200 km2 environ, ce...","link":"https://www.futura-sciences.com/planete/breves/terre-plus-grand-lac-moyen-orient-sec-8885/#xtor%3DRSS-8","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpg","url":"https://cdn.futura-sciences.com/buildsv6/images/largeoriginal/0/8/c/08c282db0a_50207455_lake-urmia-1984.jpg"}},{"title":"AI chatbots could help plan bioweapon attacks, report finds","creator":"Dan Milmo Global technology editor","pubDate":"Wed, 18 Oct 2023 09:44:37 +0000","contentSnippet":"Large language models gave advice on how to conceal the true purpose of the purchase of anthrax, smallpox and plague bacteria\nThe artificial intelligence models underpinning chatbots could help plan an attack with a biological weapon, according to research by a US thinktank.\nA report by the Rand Corporation released on Monday tested several large language models (LLMs) and found they could supply guidance that “could assist in the planning and execution of a biological attack”. However, the preliminary findings also showed that the LLMs did not generate explicit biological instructions for creating weapons.\n Continue reading...","link":"https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2023/oct/16/ai-chatbots-could-help-plan-bioweapon-attacks-report-finds","enclosure":null},{"title":"Sécheresse : l'état d'alerte maximale prolongé et étendu à toute la Creuse","creator":"","pubDate":"Wed, 18 Oct 2023 09:26:42 +0000","contentSnippet":"La préfecture de la Creuse prolonge d'un mois l'arrêté de crise sécheresse ce mercredi et l'étend même à tout le département. Certains captages restent insuffisants pour approvisionner la population en eau potable, le niveau des rivières où l'on est obligé de pomper reste très bas.","link":"https://www.francebleu.fr/infos/environnement/secheresse-l-etat-d-alerte-maximale-prolonge-et-etendu-a-toute-la-creuse-2268535#xtor=RSS-117","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://www.francebleu.fr/s3/cruiser-production/2023/10/77fbc23e-9ef4-450a-af16-e4a6730110f6/920x517_sc_392938338-10161066731162300-123857671976403256-n.jpg"}},{"title":"21 species removed from US Endangered Species Act after going extinct","creator":"Gloria Oladipo","pubDate":"Wed, 18 Oct 2023 09:18:16 +0000","contentSnippet":"Wildlife advocacy groups stress ‘permanent’ consequences of failing to address biodiversity and climate\nAbout 21 species have been removed from the US Endangered Species Act (ESA) after going extinct in a move conservationists are calling a wake-up call.\nThe US Fish and Wildlife Service removed the species – a mix of animals and plants – after determining that they had gone extinct, according to a press release.\n Continue reading...","link":"https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2023/oct/17/extinct-species-removed-endangered-species-act","enclosure":null},{"title":"Sans le kidnapping du premier entrepreneur du solaire, les énergies fossiles auraient-elles décollé plus tôt ?","creator":"Sugandha Srivastav, British Academy Postdoctoral Fellow, Environmental Economics, University of Oxford","pubDate":"Wed, 18 Oct 2023 09:11:02 +0000","contentSnippet":"George Cove à côté de son troisième panneau solaire. Popular Electricity Magazine, April 1910 / Low Tech Magazine\nL’un des arguments avancés pour défendre les énergies fossiles est qu’elles auraient représenté une nécessité historique, faute d’alternative viable pendant la majeure partie du XXe siècle. Selon cet argument, nous devrions être reconnaissants envers les combustibles fossiles qui ont accéléré notre développement. Et si je vous disais que cette alternative existait, mais qu’elle a peut-être été sabotée dès le départ par les intérêts des industries fossiles ?\n \n \nEn faisant des recherches sur l’économie de l’innovation en matière d’énergie propre, je suis tombé sur une histoire peu connue : celle de l’inventeur canadien George Cove, l’un des premiers entrepreneurs au monde dans le domaine des énergies renouvelables. George Cove a inventé des panneaux solaires domestiques qui ressemblaient étrangement à ceux qui sont installés sur les toitures aujourd’hui : ils étaient même dotés d’une batterie rudimentaire pour continuer à fonctionner lorsque le soleil ne brillait pas. Sauf que ce n’était pas dans les années 1970. Ni même dans les années 1950. C’était en 1905.\n \n \n \n             \n             \n              Il y a 114 ans déjà, on tirait parti du rayonnement solaire. \n              Modern Electrics/Hathi Trust \n             \n           \n \nLa société de George Cove, Sun Electric Generator Corporation, basée à New York, était capitalisée à hauteur de 5 millions de dollars américains, soit environ 160 millions de dollars américains au cours actuel de la monnaie. En 1909, son idée a attiré l’attention des médias. Le magazine Modern Electric, par exemple, soulignait comment « avec deux jours de soleil… [l’appareil] stocke suffisamment d’énergie électrique pour éclairer une maison ordinaire pendant une semaine ».\n \n \nL’article notait que l’énergie solaire bon marché avait le potentiel de libérer les gens de la pauvreté, « en leur apportant de la lumière, de la chaleur et de l’électricité bon marché, et en libérant les foules de la lutte constante pour acheter du pain ». Il poursuivait en spéculant sur le fait que même les avions pourraient un jour être alimentés par des batteries chargées par le soleil. L’avenir de l’énergie propre semblait être à portée de main.\n \n \nDes intérêts particuliers ?\n \n \nPuis, selon un article paru dans le New York Herald du 19 octobre 1909, George Cove a été kidnappé. La condition de sa libération ? Renoncer à son brevet solaire et fermer son entreprise, ce que l’entrepreneur a refusé. Il a été libéré plus tard, près du zoo du Bronx.\n \n \nMais après cet incident, son activité dans le domaine de l’énergie solaire s’est soudainement arrêtée. Ce qui est d’autant plus surprenant que dans les années précédant son enlèvement, il avait développé des améliorations successives de son dispositif solaire.\n \n \n \n             \n             \n              Les panneaux solaires de George Cove en 1909. \n              Technical World Magazine/wiki \n             \n           \n \nJe ne peux pas affirmer avec certitude que des intérêts particuliers étaient impliqués dans cette affaire. À l’époque, certains ont accusé George Cove d’avoir mis en scène l’enlèvement pour se faire de la publicité, bien que cela ne semblait pas dans ses habitudes, d’autant plus que l’attention des médias ne manquait pas. D’autres sources suggèrent qu’un ancien investisseur pourrait en avoir été à l’origine.\n \n \nCe que l’on sait en revanche, c’est que les jeunes entreprises de l’industrie fossile ont souvent eu recours à des pratiques peu scrupuleuses à l’égard de leurs concurrents. L’énergie solaire représentait une menace, car il s’agit d’une technologie démocratique par nature – tout le monde a accès au soleil – qui peut donner du pouvoir aux citoyens et aux communautés, contrairement aux énergies fossiles, qui nécessitaient l’édification d’un empire.\n \n \nLa Standard Oil, dirigée par le premier milliardaire du monde, John D. Rockefeller, a tellement écrasé la concurrence qu’elle a obligé le gouvernement à introduire des lois antitrust pour lutter contre les monopoles.\n \n \nDe la même façon, le légendaire inventeur Thomas Edison a électrocuté des chevaux, des animaux de ferme et même un condamné à mort en utilisant le courant alternatif de son rival Nikola Tesla pour montrer à quel point il était dangereux, afin que la propre technologie d’Edison, le courant continu, soit favorisée. La firme Sun Electric de George Cove, avec son énergie solaire hors réseau, aurait nui à l’argumentaire d’Edison en faveur de la construction du réseau électrique alimenté par des centrales à charbon.\n \n \nBien que des efforts dispersés aient été déployés dans le domaine du développement solaire après l’enlèvement de George Cove, il n’y a pas eu d’activités commerciales majeures pendant les quatre décennies suivantes, jusqu’à ce que le concept soit relancé par Bell Labs, la branche de recherche de la compagnie de téléphone Bell aux États-Unis. Entre-temps, le charbon et le pétrole ont pu se développer à un rythme sans précédent et ont été soutenus par l’argent du contribuable et la politique gouvernementale. On peut dire que la crise climatique était déjà en route.\n \n \n40 années de perdues\n \n \nLorsque j’ai découvert l’histoire de George Cove, j’ai voulu savoir ce que le monde avait perdu pendant ces 40 ans et j’ai réalisé une expérience de pensée. J’ai utilisé un concept appelé loi de Wright, qui s’applique à la plupart des énergies renouvelables. Il s’agit de l’idée selon laquelle, à mesure que la production augmente, les coûts diminuent grâce à l’amélioration des procédés industriels et à l’apprentissage.\n \n \n \n             \n             \n              George Cove, pionnier de l’énergie solaire, a également breveté un premier dispositif d’énergie marémotrice. \n              Technical World Magazine/wiki \n             \n           \n \nGrâce à ce principe, j’ai calculé l’année où l’énergie solaire serait devenue moins chère que le charbon. Pour ce faire, j’ai supposé que l’énergie solaire aurait connu une croissance modeste entre 1910 et 1950, puis j’ai calculé comment cette « expérience » supplémentaire se serait traduite par une baisse des coûts plus rapide.\n \n \nDans un monde où Cove aurait réussi et où le solaire aurait concurrencé les combustibles fossiles dès le départ, il aurait battu le charbon dès 1997, alors que Bill Clinton était président et que les Spice Girls étaient à leur apogée. En réalité, cet événement ne s’est produit qu'en 2017.\n \n \nUne autre version du XXᵉ siècle\n \n \nBien entendu, on suppose ici que le système énergétique serait resté inchangé. Or, il est possible que si l’énergie solaire avait existé dès 1910, l’ensemble de la trajectoire de l’innovation énergétique ait été très différent. Le réseau électrique et les chemins de fer utilisés pour soutenir l’économie du charbon auraient reçu beaucoup moins d’investissements.\n \n \nIl se peut aussi que des progrès industriels plus récents aient été essentiels au décollage de l’énergie solaire et que la poursuite des travaux de Cove n’ait finalement pas entraîné de changement majeur. En fin de compte, il est impossible de savoir exactement quelle voie l’humanité aurait empruntée, mais je parie qu’en évitant une interruption de 40 ans dans le développement de l’énergie solaire, on aurait pu épargner au monde d’énormes quantités d’émissions de CO₂.\n \n \nS’il est douloureux de réfléchir à ce grand « et si » alors que le climat s’effondre sous nos yeux, cela peut nous apporter quelque chose d’utile : savoir que tirer de l’énergie du soleil n’a rien d’une idée radicale, ni même nouvelle. C’est une idée aussi vieille que les entreprises de combustibles fossiles elles-mêmes.\n \n \nLa domination des énergies fossiles, qui s'est poursuivie au XXIe siècle, n’était pas inévitable – c’était un choix, mais un choix sur lequel peu d’entre nous avaient leur mot à dire. Les énergies fossiles ont d’abord été soutenues parce que nous ne comprenions pas leurs effets mortels sur l’environnement, puis parce que le lobby était devenu si puissant qu’il résistait au changement.\n \n \nMais il y a de l’espoir : l’énergie solaire fournit aujourd’hui une électricité parmi les moins chères que l’humanité ait jamais connue, et les coûts continuent de chuter au fur et à mesure de son déploiement. Plus nous allons vite, plus nous économisons. Si nous adoptons l’optimisme qui régnait à l’époque de Cove et si nous faisons les bons choix technologiques, ce monde alimenté par le soleil qu’il a imaginé il y a tant d’années est encore accessible.\n \nSugandha Srivastav est financée par la British Academy et le Climate Compatible Growth Programme.","link":"https://theconversation.com/sans-le-kidnapping-du-premier-entrepreneur-du-solaire-les-energies-fossiles-auraient-elles-decolle-plus-tot-215720","enclosure":null},{"title":"Antimicrobial resistance will increase internationally","creator":"","pubDate":"Wed, 18 Oct 2023 09:01:55 +0000","contentSnippet":"Antimicrobial resistance is curtailing the effectiveness of antibiotics, creating a problem for treatment and operations","link":"http://l.oxan.com/i/DB282707","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://g.oxan.com/analysis/db282707/2023-10-17-04-int_350.jpg"}},{"title":"« Polluants éternels » : la nappe d’Annecy contaminée, l’opacité demeure","creator":"","pubDate":"Wed, 18 Oct 2023 09:00:03 +0000","contentSnippet":"La pollution aux PFAS de la nappe des Iles, au nord-ouest de la ville, préfigure de nombreux cas similaires en France.","link":"https://www.lemonde.fr/les-decodeurs/article/2023/10/17/polluants-eternels-la-nappe-d-annecy-contaminee-l-opacite-demeure_6194948_4355770.html","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://img.lemde.fr/2023/02/22/273/0/1920/960/644/322/60/0/ae048dd_1677073288849-03-valeurs-de-l-eau.jpg"}},{"title":"La densité de vignes autour du domicile associée à un risque accru de leucémie de l’enfant","creator":"","pubDate":"Wed, 18 Oct 2023 08:56:17 +0000","contentSnippet":"A moins de 1 kilomètre du lieu de résidence, les surfaces viticoles sont liées à une probabilité légèrement accrue d’hémopathie maligne infantile, selon une étude française.","link":"https://www.lemonde.fr/planete/article/2023/10/18/la-densite-de-vignes-autour-du-domicile-associee-a-un-risque-accru-de-leucemie-de-l-enfant_6195115_3244.html","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://img.lemde.fr/2023/10/17/0/0/4066/2033/644/322/60/0/0abfaab_1697555145645-000-18w5os.jpg"}},{"title":"Quand le cycle de l’eau déraille : près de la moitié du monde a subi une sécheresse en 2022 !","creator":"Nathalie Mayer, Journaliste","pubDate":"Mon, 16 Oct 2023 12:57:44 +0000","contentSnippet":"Le cycle de l’eau est perturbé. De plus en plus. Par le changement climatique, mais aussi plus généralement, par de nombreuses activités humaines. Résultat, en 2022, près de la moitié du monde a connu une situation de sécheresse inquiétante.","link":"https://www.futura-sciences.com/planete/actualites/eau-cycle-eau-deraille-pres-moitie-monde-subi-secheresse-2022-108417/#xtor%3DRSS-8","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpg","url":"https://cdn.futura-sciences.com/buildsv6/images/wide1920/0/c/6/0c669d3a23_50207443_secheresse-cycle-eau-monde.jpg"}},{"title":"Revealed: how a little-known pollution rule keeps the air dirty for millions of Americans","creator":"Molly Peterson, Dillon Bergin and Emily Zentner with graphics by Andrew Witherspoon","pubDate":"Mon, 16 Oct 2023 12:54:57 +0000","contentSnippet":"Major investigation shows local governments are increasingly exploiting a loophole in the Clean Air Act, leaving more than 21 million Americans with air that’s dirtier than they realize\n\nWhat is the exceptional events rule? The loophole letting US regulators wipe air pollution from the record\n\nA legal loophole has allowed the US Environmental Protection Agency to strike pollution from clean air tallies in more than 70 counties, enabling local regulators to claim the air was cleaner than it really was for more than 21 million Americans.\nRegulators have exploited a little-known provision in the Clean Air Act called the “exceptional events rule” to forgive pollution caused by “natural” or “uncontrollable” events – including wildfires – on records used by the EPA for regulatory decisions, a new investigation from the California Newsroom, MuckRock and the Guardian reveals.\n Continue reading...","link":"https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2023/oct/16/epa-local-governments-dont-report-air-pollution-wildfire-smoke-data-across-us","enclosure":null},{"title":"La mer Piccolo : un havre de biodiversité menacé par le trafic illégal et la pollution","creator":"","pubDate":"Mon, 16 Oct 2023 12:54:01 +0000","contentSnippet":"La biodiversité de la mer Piccolo, une lagune côtière emblématique, est mise en péril par le trafic illégal d'espèces marines et une pollution persistante.","link":"https://fr.euronews.com/2023/10/16/la-mer-piccolo-un-havre-de-biodiversite-menace-par-le-trafic-illegal-et-la-pollution","enclosure":null},{"title":"Rate of global warming is accelerating, researchers say","creator":"Andrew Freedman","pubDate":"Mon, 16 Oct 2023 12:50:16 +0000","contentSnippet":"Data: NASA; Chart: Axios Visuals\nSeptember's sizzling global average temperature ensures that 2023 will be the warmest year on record.\nWhy it matters: Confirmed by data from NASA, NOAA and Copernicus Climate Change Service in the E.U., the annual record is a surprise, and has only become clear in the past few months. \n\nIt may signal a continuation of a trend towards an acceleration of global warming in recent years, occurring about 40% faster during the past 15 years when compared to any other period since the 1970s.\n\nBy the numbers: September, with a temperature anomaly of 1.44°C (2.58°F) above average, was the most unusually warm month ever recorded in NOAA's 174 years of instrument records. \n\nThis beat the previous warmest September by a staggering margin of 0.46°C (0.83°F), and the prior largest temperature anomaly, which occurred in March 2016, by 0.09°C (0.16°F), NOAA concluded. (NASA pegged September as a bit warmer, at 1.47°C (2.64°F) above average.)\nThe most likely suspects for the astonishing spike in the globe's fever are an El Niño event taking place in the tropical Pacific Ocean, which tends to increase global average temperatures, as well as the long-term human-caused increase in temperatures due to the burning of fossil fuels for energy.\nLast month follows the hottest June, July and August, and is the 535th straight month with warmer-than-average temperatures, NOAA found.\n\nWhat they're saying: \"With the huge September data in, we can confirm that we expect 2023 to be the warmest year in the record (99% probability),\" NASA climate researcher Gavin Schmidt posted on X. \n\n\"The expectation for 2024 is warmer still.\"\n\nZoom in: Climate scientists also point to other factors to explain the record warmth of late, and the apparent acceleration in warming. One is an increase in the planet's energy imbalance, i.e. the ratio of solar radiation coming into the atmosphere to the energy radiating back out.\n\nThat imbalance has been on the rise.\n\nThe other factor is something that longtime climate scientist James Hansen has pointed to, among other researchers. For decades, emissions of aerosols from power plants, cars, ships and other fossil fuel-powered machines have actually helped to slow the pace of climate change. \n\nBut countries have been moving to curb such pollution, since it contributes to poor air quality that kills millions each year.\nBecause of aerosol reductions, continued greenhouse gas emissions and other factors, Hansen and his coauthors predict \"At least a 50% increase of the post-2010 global warming rate compared to the 1970-2010 rate of 0.18°C (0.32°F).\"\n\nThe intrigue: \"This is a partial payment in return for the Faustian bargain that humanity made when it chose to build its economies on fossil fuel energy,\" Hansen and his co-authors wrote in mid-September and detailed further late last week.\n\nClimate scientist Zeke Hausfauther largely backed Hansen's findings, citing evidence of a clear climate change acceleration. \n\"While many experts have been cautious about acknowledging it, there is increasing evidence that global warming has accelerated over the past 15 years rather than continued at a gradual, steady pace,\" he wrote in the New York Times on Friday.\n\"That acceleration means that the effects of climate change we are already seeing — extreme heat waves, wildfires, rainfall and sea level rise — will only grow more severe in the coming years.\"\n\nYes, but: Some prominent climate scientists disagree with the idea that Earth's warming rate is speeding up, pointing to a linear rise in ocean heat content, for example. \n\nEven with an acceleration, if global emissions were brought down to net zero, a goal the U.S. and other countries have agreed to meet by 2050, warming would stop within a few years. \nHowever, it would take centuries to bring temperatures down, barring breakthroughs in direct air capture and other technologies.","link":"https://www.axios.com/2023/10/16/global-warming-september-extreme-heat","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://datawrapper.dwcdn.net/pf6tH/fallback.png"}},{"title":"Déforestation : la capitale de l'Amazonie brésilienne noyée par la fumée des incendies","creator":"Sciences et Avenir avec AFP","pubDate":"Mon, 16 Oct 2023 09:17:29 +0000","contentSnippet":"Manaus étouffe sous la fumée : l'Amazonie brésilienne est en proie à des feux criminels à des fins de déforestation. C'est l'un des pires mois d'octobre quant au nombre de foyers d'incendie observés dans l'Etat d'Amazonas, ces 25 dernières années","link":"https://www.sciencesetavenir.fr/nature-environnement/developpement-durable/deforestation-la-capitale-de-l-amazonie-bresilienne-noyee-par-la-fumee-des-incendies_174498?xtor=RSS-15","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://www.sciencesetavenir.fr/assets/img/2023/10/14/cover-r4x3w1200-652a11919adee-64061758979eb84c14f0323e384e18d02d7e304e-jpg.jpg"}},{"title":"La fondation des premières cités aurait entraîné une hausse de la violence","creator":"Morgane Gillard, Rédactrice","pubDate":"Mon, 16 Oct 2023 07:48:52 +0000","contentSnippet":"Une nouvelle étude nous donne un aperçu historique des causes ayant pu entraîner temporairement des périodes de fortes violences. Bouleversement sociétal associé à l’établissement des premières cités ou crise climatique, les facteurs sont multiples à avoir poussé les hommes à s’entre-tuer au...","link":"https://www.futura-sciences.com/sciences/actualites/homme-fondation-premieres-cites-aurait-entraine-hausse-violence-108391/#xtor%3DRSS-8","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpg","url":"https://cdn.futura-sciences.com/buildsv6/images/wide1920/d/c/b/dcb17c01c5_50207420_ruines-turquie-mesopotamie.jpg"}},{"title":"Le changement climatique fait (beaucoup) souffrir les barrages hydroélectriques","creator":"","pubDate":"Mon, 16 Oct 2023 07:44:36 +0000","contentSnippet":"Les effets du changement climatique sont nombreux. Parmi ses manifestations, on peut citer l’impact sur les barrages hydroélectriques : certains sont largement privés en eau, tandis que d’autres sont approvisionnés en des quantités excessives.","link":"https://www.geo.fr/environnement/changement-climatique-fait-beaucoup-souffrir-barrages-hydroelectriques-manque-exces-eau-inondations-secheresse-217099","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://geo.img.pmdstatic.net/fit/~1~geo~2023~10~13~bafdf376-2f74-4c9d-97a0-8f567a275f9b.jpeg/1200x900/focus-point/1607,1585/le-changement-climatique-fait-beaucoup-souffrir-les-barrages-hydroelectriques.jpg"}},{"title":"Les compagnies pétrolières tentées par le lithium","creator":"Marie-Pierre Olphand","pubDate":"Mon, 16 Oct 2023 07:33:38 +0000","contentSnippet":"C'est une des nouvelles tendances liées à la transition énergétique : les compagnies pétrolières investissent dans l'extraction de lithium. Un moyen pour elles de se diversifier et de préparer l'après-pétrole.","link":"https://www.rfi.fr/fr/podcasts/chronique-des-mati%C3%A8res-premi%C3%A8res/20231015-les-compagnies-p%C3%A9troli%C3%A8res-tent%C3%A9es-par-le-lithium","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://s.rfi.fr/media/display/8c324f74-7240-11ec-9848-005056a90284/w:1024/p:16x9/Mine-lithium-chili.jpg"}},{"title":"Pourquoi les cancers sont-ils en augmentation chez les moins de 50 ans ?","creator":"Ashleigh Hamilton, Academic Clinical Lecturer, Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast","pubDate":"Sun, 15 Oct 2023 15:40:22 +0000","contentSnippet":"Le cancer du sein était le cancer d'apparition précoce le plus fréquent en 2019. Juice Flair/ Shutterstock\nOn pense souvent que le cancer est une maladie qui affecte les personnes les plus âgées. Mais de nouvelles recherches préoccupantes montrent que le cancer chez les sujets les plus jeunes est un problème croissant. Selon une étude récente, ces trente dernières années, le nombre de personnes de moins de 50 ans chez qui un cancer a été diagnostiqué a augmenté d’environ 80 %.\n \n \nLe type de cancers détectés chez les adultes plus jeunes est aussi un sujet d’inquiétude. En effet, si l’on en croit cette étude mais aussi des travaux de recherche plus anciens, on observe chez les sujets plus jeunes une recrudescence de cancers que l’on considérait jusqu’alors comme spécifique des groupes les plus âgés. Il s’agit notamment des cancers de l’intestin, de l’estomac, du sein, de l’utérus et du pancréas.\n \n \nCes données sont préoccupantes car certains de ces cancers, en particulier les cancers du pancréas et de l’estomac, se caractérisent par un faible taux de survie. Cela s’explique par le fait que ces cancers sont souvent diagnostiqués à un stade tardif. Des travaux de recherche ont également montré que le cancer de l’intestin (il s’agit du cancer du gros intestin appelé aussi cancer du côlon ou colorectal, ndlr) tend à être diagnostiqué à un stade plus avancé chez les adultes jeunes, par rapport aux sujets plus âgés.\n \n \nS’il ressort clairement de cette étude que le cancer est de plus en plus fréquent chez les adultes de moins de 50 ans, les experts manquent de certitudes quant aux causes de cette augmentation.\n \n \nDes cancers d’apparition précoce\n \n \nL’étude a porté sur les cas de cancers chez des personnes âgées de moins de 50 ans (on peut utiliser l’expression « cancers d’apparition précoce ») dans 204 pays et régions du monde. Les données analysées ont été collectées entre 1990 et 2019. Les chercheurs souhaitaient connaître, non seulement l’incidence des cancers d’apparition précoce, mais aussi les types de cancers les plus répandus chez les moins de 50 ans.\n \n \nIls ont constaté qu’en 2019, 3,26 millions de cas de cancers d’apparition précoce ont été diagnostiqués dans le monde, soit une augmentation de 79 % depuis 1990. Les auteurs ont également prédit que d’ici 2030, le nombre de personnes de moins de 50 ans diagnostiquées avec un cancer augmenterait encore de 31 %.\n \n \nLe cancer du sein était le cancer d’apparition précoce le plus fréquent en 2019. Mais c’est l’incidence des cancers de la prostate et de la gorge qui a augmenté le plus rapidement depuis 1990. Le cancer du foie est, quant à lui, celui qui a diminué le plus rapidement au cours de la même période.\n \n \n \n \n   \n     \n      À lire aussi : \n      Cancer du sein : les bénéfices de l’éducation thérapeutique pour les patientes \n     \n   \n \n \n \n \nLe nombre de décès dus aux cancers d’apparition précoce a également augmenté entre 1990 et 2019, mais moins rapidement que le taux de diagnostic. Le nombre de décès a néanmoins atteint 1,06 million dans le monde en 2019, soit une augmentation de 28 %. Les cancers ayant entraîné le plus grand nombre de décès en 2019 sont les cancers du sein, du poumon, de l’intestin et de l’estomac. Le groupe d’âge le plus exposé au risque de cancer précoce est celui des quadragénaires.\n \n \n \n \n   \n     \n      À lire aussi : \n      Cancer du poumon : quand l’hérédité s’en mêle \n     \n   \n \n \n \n \n \n             \n             \n              C’est à la quarantaine que le risque de survenue d’un cancer dit d’apparition précoce est le plus élevé. \n              Shutterstock \n             \n           \n \nEn 2019, le cancer du sein d’apparition précoce était celui qui a pesé le plus lourd pour les femmes, tandis que le cancer du poumon d’apparition précoce était celui a qui a eu le plus lourd impact pour les hommes. Les femmes ont été touchées de manière disproportionnée par les cancers d’apparition précoce, en termes de décès et de dégradation de leur santé, dans les pays à revenus faibles et intermédiaires.\n \n \nL’étude montre également que si les pays développés tels que l’Europe occidentale, l’Amérique du Nord et l’Australasie comptent le plus grand nombre de cas de cancers d’apparition précoce, de nombreux cas ont également été observés dans les pays à revenus faibles ou intermédiaires. Les taux de mortalité étaient également plus élevés dans les pays à revenus faibles ou intermédiaires.\n \n \nLa principale limite de cette publication est la variabilité des données collectées dans les différents pays, ce qui rend difficile leur évaluation de manière exhaustive. Cet article scientifique n’en reste pas moins utile pour établir une photographie de la santé des populations au niveau mondial.\n \n \nDes causes inconnues\n \n \nIl n’existe pas d’explication unique à l’augmentation du nombre de cancers chez les moins de 50 ans. Certains cancers qui surviennent chez des adultes jeunes ont une origine génétique. Mais cela ne représente qu’un petit nombre de cas (environ 20 %).\n \n \nLes facteurs liés au mode de vie, comme les aliments que nous mangeons, la consommation d’alcool ou de tabac et le surpoids, sont tous associés à un risque accru de survenue de nombreux types de cancers. Selon des données issues de la recherche, ces facteurs peuvent contribuer à l’augmentation du nombre de cancers colorectaux précoces, par exemple. On ne sait pas si c’est également le cas pour d’autres types de cancers d’apparition précoce.\n \n \n \n \n   \n     \n      À lire aussi : \n      Quand on a un cancer, quel est l’impact de l’alimentation, du poids, et de l’alcool sur la maladie ? \n     \n   \n \n \n \n \nCertaines personnes atteintes d’un cancer d’apparition précoce peuvent avoir un mode de vie sain. Cela suggère qu’il existe probablement d’autres causes, qui n’ont pas encore été mises en évidence, pour expliquer l’augmentation des cancers chez les adultes de moins de 50 ans.\n \n \nCes recherches montrent clairement que le paysage du cancer est en train de changer. Si l’incidence des cancers d’apparition précoce augmente, le cancer dans ce groupe d’âge reste toutefois beaucoup moins fréquent que chez les plus de 50 ans. Les cancers d’apparition précoce ne représentent qu’un dixième environ des nouveaux cas au Royaume-Uni. Mais même si ces chiffres sont encore relativement faibles, cela ne signifie pas pour autant que la tendance observée n’est pas préoccupante.\n \n \n(Pour la France, l’agence Santé publique France a fait le point sur l’incidence des principaux cancers en France métropolitaine en 2023 et les tendances depuis 1990. Chez la femme, le taux d’incidence « tous cancers » augmente de façon continue depuis 1990. C’est le cas, en particulier, des cancers du poumon et du sein. Chez l’homme, en revanche, après une augmentation entre 1990 et 2006 et une baisse entre 2006 et 2012, ce taux semble se stabiliser depuis 2012. Mais l’agence ne fait pas de focus sur les cancers qui surviennent chez les adultes de moins de 50 ans, ndlr).\n \n \nIl est désormais essentiel de veiller à ce que les cancers d’apparition précoce fassent l’objet d’une plus grande prise de conscience. La plupart des adultes encore jeunes, et même les professionnels de la santé, ne pense pas en priorité au cancer lorsque des symptômes apparaissent. Il est important de consulter son médecin généraliste quand des symptômes surviennent, car la détection d’un cancer à un stade précoce permet d’obtenir un meilleur pronostic.\n \n \n[Plus de 85 000 lecteurs font confiance aux newsletters de The Conversation pour mieux comprendre les grands enjeux du monde. Abonnez-vous aujourd’hui]\n \n \nIl est également nécessaire de mener, en urgence, des recherches sur les cancers d’apparition précoce au niveau national et international. Les causes sous-jacentes sont probablement différentes selon le sexe, l’origine ethnique et le lieu de résidence.\n \n \nAu niveau individuel, il y a beaucoup de choses que vous pouvez faire pour réduire votre risque de développer un cancer. Il est important d’adopter une bonne hygiène de vie. Cela inclut une alimentation saine, l’arrêt du tabac, la pratique d’une activité physique régulière, la réduction de la consommation d’alcool, la protection contre le soleil et le maintien d’un poids correct. Si vous ne vous sentez pas bien dans votre corps ou si des symptômes surviennent, il est important de consulter un médecin dès que possible.\n \nAshleigh Hamilton travaille pour Bristol-Myers Squibb (conférencière indépendante - paiement pour des conférences, présentations, événements éducatifs).  \nElle a reçu des financements pour ses recherches de la part de la division HSC R&D de l'Agence de santé publique d'Irlande du Nord (EAT/5494/18).","link":"https://theconversation.com/pourquoi-les-cancers-sont-ils-en-augmentation-chez-les-moins-de-50-ans-215574","enclosure":null},{"title":"Pourquoi les forêts françaises absorbent de moins en moins de carbone","creator":"","pubDate":"Sun, 15 Oct 2023 11:45:18 +0000","contentSnippet":"La transition écologique s’appuie en partie sur les forêts françaises, mais leur capacité à absorber les émissions humaines de dioxyde de carbone s’effondre depuis une quinzaine d’années.","link":"https://www.lemonde.fr/les-decodeurs/article/2023/10/14/pourquoi-les-forets-francaises-absorbent-de-moins-en-moins-de-carbone_6194399_4355770.html","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/png","url":"https://img.lemde.fr/2023/10/10/125/0/1500/750/644/322/60/0/79346d3_1696947455859-media-appel-forets.png"}},{"title":"Sécheresse : \"Des sources aussi basses, aussi peu d'eau, c'est exceptionnel\", le système D des éleveurs dans les estives pour donner à boire aux bêtes","creator":"","pubDate":"Sun, 15 Oct 2023 11:41:20 +0000","contentSnippet":"Par fortes chaleurs, une vache et son veau peuvent boire facilement 100 litres d'eau par jour. Sur le plateau de l'Aubrac dans l'Aveyron, l'eau se fait rare. Les troupeaux, encore en estive, doivent être ravitaillés chaque jour par les éleveurs. Du temps de travail et un coût supplémentaire.","link":"https://france3-regions.francetvinfo.fr/occitanie/aveyron/rodez/secheresse-des-sources-aussi-basses-aussi-peu-d-eau-c-est-exceptionnel-le-systeme-d-des-eleveurs-dans-les-estives-pour-donner-a-boire-aux-betes-2856314.html#xtor=RSS-3-%5Blestitres%5D","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/webp","url":"https://www.francetvinfo.fr/image/766000wkr-cdc6/500/281/33515484.jpeg"}},{"title":"Déforestation: la capitale de l'Amazonie brésilienne noyée par la fumée des incendies","creator":"AFP","pubDate":"Sat, 14 Oct 2023 11:02:39 +0000","contentSnippet":"Manaus suffoque: la capitale de l'Amazonie brésilienne est depuis des jours envahie par la fumée d'incendies provoqués à des fins de déforestation par des \"criminels\" ciblés vendredi par la ministre de l'Environnement. \nVue du théâtre de Manaus, capitale de l'Amazonie brésilienne envahie depuis des jours envahie par la fumée d'incendies provoqués à des fins de déforestation, le 13 octobre 2023 (AFP - Michael Dantas) \nDepuis mercredi, les incendies dans la région de Manaus nimbent d'une fumée grise la ville de quelque deux millions d'habitants. Dans les rues, certains portent un masque pour se protéger.","link":"https://www.sciencesetavenir.fr/nature-environnement/deforestation-la-capitale-de-l-amazonie-bresilienne-noyee-par-la-fumee-des-incendies_174498?xtor=RSS-15","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://www.sciencesetavenir.fr/assets/img/2023/10/14/cover-r4x3w1200-652a11919adee-64061758979eb84c14f0323e384e18d02d7e304e-jpg.jpg"}},{"title":"Deprivation causes extra 33,000 UK cancer cases each year, analysis finds","creator":"Andrew Gregory Health editor","pubDate":"Sat, 14 Oct 2023 11:02:26 +0000","contentSnippet":"Exclusive: Cancer Research UK says toll could be avoided if government tackled health inequalities\nHealth inequalities are causing 33,000 avoidable cases of cancer in the UK every year, a damning analysis suggests.\nMinisters have promised for years to tackle differences in health outcomes as part of their declared mission to level up the country. But their long-promised white paper on health inequalities has been ditched and the junk food advertising ban on TV and the web has been delayed until October 2025.\n Continue reading...","link":"https://www.theguardian.com/society/2023/oct/14/deprivation-causes-extra-33000-uk-cancer-cases-each-year-analysis-finds","enclosure":null},{"title":"Food Shortages From Climate Crisis Expected in Decades, Experts Fear","creator":"Sarah Bridle & Aled Jones, The Conversation","pubDate":"Sat, 14 Oct 2023 11:01:20 +0000","contentSnippet":"We're not prepared for this.","link":"https://www.sciencealert.com/food-shortages-from-climate-crisis-expected-in-decades-experts-fear","enclosure":null},{"title":"Des satellites pourraient tomber de l'espace et tuer des gens","creator":"Slate.fr","pubDate":"Sat, 14 Oct 2023 07:55:09 +0000","contentSnippet":"C'est ce qu'avance la Federal Aviation Administration américaine. Lire la suite","link":"https://www.slate.fr/story/254770/satellites-space-x-tomber-espace-mort-danger-faa","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://www.slate.fr/sites/default/files/styles/1440x600/public/spacex-p-kcm6xb9i-unsplash.jpg"}},{"title":"Le fast-food, la mode ou l'aérien : quand un médicament chamboule des poids lourds boursiers","creator":"Sébastian SEIBT","pubDate":"Sat, 14 Oct 2023 07:52:43 +0000","contentSnippet":"Le succès de l’Ozempic, un médicament pour traiter le diabète mais détourné à des fins amaigrissantes, fait des victimes en Bourse depuis début octobre. De célèbres marques de snacking ou de restauration rapide sont devenues la cible d’investisseurs qui anticipent déjà un bouleversement des habitudes des consommateurs.","link":"https://www.france24.com/fr/%C3%A9co-tech/20231014-le-fast-food-la-mode-ou-l-a%C3%A9rien-quand-un-m%C3%A9dicament-chamboule-des-poids-lourds-boursiers","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://s.france24.com/media/display/4113be54-69d5-11ee-9c51-005056bf30b7/w:1024/p:16x9/131023-walmart-food-m.JPG"}},{"title":"Au sein de l'UE, désaccord sur la reconduction de l'utilisation du glyphosate","creator":"FRANCE 24","pubDate":"Fri, 13 Oct 2023 14:51:09 +0000","contentSnippet":"La reconduction pour dix ans de l'autorisation d'utiliser le glyphosate reste en suspens. Les États membre de l'UE n'ont pas réussi à se mettre d'accord vendredi. Un nouveau vote aura lieu en novembre. D'ici là, la Commission peut modifier sa proposition à tout moment.","link":"https://www.france24.com/fr/info-en-continu/20231013-les-etats-de-l-ue-divis%C3%A9s-sur-le-sort-du-glyphosate-avant-un-vote-crucial","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://s.france24.com/media/display/c4f0df6a-8286-11eb-9a96-005056a964fe/w:1024/p:16x9/c4c4a1d0dbb05e2f6a82e07eba5c9af38dfe40df.jpg"}},{"title":"Nous sommes déjà en train de franchir la barre des +1,5 °C de réchauffement, avertit Berkeley Earth","creator":"Karine Durand, Spécialiste météo extrême et environnement","pubDate":"Fri, 13 Oct 2023 14:48:55 +0000","contentSnippet":"L'université de Berkeley est « presque certaine » que 2023 sera l'année la plus chaude enregistrée dans le monde. Mais ses prévisions vont encore plus loin : selon son dernier rapport, le seuil des +1,5 °C de réchauffement par rapport à 1950-1900 sera très probablement franchi cette année.","link":"https://www.futura-sciences.com/planete/actualites/rechauffement-climatique-nous-sommes-deja-train-franchir-barre-15-c-rechauffement-avertit-berkeley-earth-108352/#xtor%3DRSS-8","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpg","url":"https://cdn.futura-sciences.com/buildsv6/images/wide1920/5/3/b/53bc18c26d_50207388_warming-world-ai-generative.jpg"}},{"title":"Swiss drinking water is contaminated with ‘forever chemicals’, research shows","creator":"","pubDate":"Fri, 13 Oct 2023 14:46:09 +0000","contentSnippet":"Groundwater provides 80 per cent of Switzerland's drinking water.","link":"https://www.euronews.com/green/2023/10/13/swiss-drinking-water-is-contaminated-with-forever-chemicals-research-shows","enclosure":null},{"title":"Heat Waves in the Ground Are Getting More Extreme—and Perilous","creator":"Matt Simon","pubDate":"Fri, 13 Oct 2023 08:09:44 +0000","contentSnippet":"The atmosphere is rapidly warming, but the soil is also prone to heat waves. Scientists are racing to understand the consequences.","link":"https://www.wired.com/story/heat-waves-in-the-ground-are-getting-more-extreme-and-perilous/","enclosure":null},{"title":"\"Complément d'enquête\". Déchets nucléaires : quand nos poubelles débordent","creator":"","pubDate":"Fri, 13 Oct 2023 08:05:37 +0000","contentSnippet":"\"Complément d’enquête\" se penche sur une zone d’ombre de nos centrales : les déchets radioactifs. Qu'en est-il du recyclage à l’infini que l’industrie de l’atome met en avant depuis cinquante ans ? Comment la Russie de Poutine s’est-elle immiscée dans ce circuit de recyclage ? Comment expliquer qu’à La Hague, les \"piscines\" de combustible usé sont aujourd’hui pleines à 97% ? Qu’est devenu le nucléaire français, autrefois fierté nationale ?","link":"https://www.francetvinfo.fr/replay-magazine/france-2/complement-d-enquete/complement-d-enquete-dechets-nucleaires-quand-nos-poubelles-debordent_6077022.html#xtor=RSS-3-%5Blestitres%5D","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://www.francetvinfo.fr/image/765zy92zo-d899/500/281/33487647.jpg"}},{"title":"Selon la Fondation Jean-Jaurès, 200 000 personnes risquent de basculer dans la pauvreté si les minima sociaux ne sont revalorisés qu’en avril","creator":"","pubDate":"Fri, 13 Oct 2023 08:02:43 +0000","contentSnippet":"Une note évalue l’appauvrissement si le gouvernement ne décide pas, comme en 2022, d’anticiper la revalorisation anticipée de ces aides.","link":"https://www.lemonde.fr/societe/article/2023/10/12/200-000-personnes-risquent-de-basculer-dans-la-pauvrete-si-les-minima-sociaux-ne-sont-revalorises-qu-en-avril_6194041_3224.html","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://img.lemde.fr/2023/10/12/444/0/5326/2663/644/322/60/0/4ae0676_1697121311899-000-33wz986.jpg"}},{"title":"Sécheresse: la recharge des nappes phréatiques retardée, 2024 déjà compromise ?","creator":"AFP","pubDate":"Fri, 13 Oct 2023 07:59:50 +0000","contentSnippet":"Les nappes phréatiques françaises, en souffrance depuis plusieurs mois, continuent de pâtir de l'inhabituelle chaleur automnale et de pluies insuffisantes: leur période de recharge, qui traditionnellement débute vers septembre, est retardée et reste encore \"très incertaine\" pour octobre, suscitant déjà des inquiétudes pour 2024. \nAu 1er octobre, 66% des nappes métropolitaines étaient encore sous les normales, une situation légèrement plus dégradée qu'à la fin août (62% sous les normales), a annoncé jeudi le Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM). \n\"Les orages de mi-septembre ont été peu efficaces pour la recharge des nappes\" et par conséquent \"la situation se dégrade entre août et septembre\", indique l'organisme public, notant que 18% de ses points d'observation restent à des niveaux très bas.","link":"https://www.sciencesetavenir.fr/nature-environnement/secheresse-la-recharge-des-nappes-phreatiques-retardee-2024-deja-compromise_174459?xtor=RSS-15","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://www.sciencesetavenir.fr/assets/img/2023/10/12/cover-r4x3w1200-65280a6f92cbf-c2146409ebf5b0516f3bef36bbdbb7273cdba049-jpg.jpg"}},{"title":"AI could consume as much energy as Argentina annually by 2027","creator":"Andrew Paul","pubDate":"Fri, 13 Oct 2023 07:59:16 +0000","contentSnippet":"AI programs like ChatGPT could annually require as much as 134 TWh by 2027. Deposit Photos \nArtificial intelligence programs’ impressive (albeit often problematic) abilities come at a cost—all that computing power requires, well, power. And as the world races to adopt sustainable energy practices, the rapid rise of AI integration into everyday lives could complicate matters. New expert analysis now offers estimates of just how energy hungry the AI industry could become in the near future, and the numbers are potentially concerning.\n \n \n \n \nAccording to a commentary published October 10 in Joule, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Business and Economics PhD candidate Alex de Vries argues that global AI-related electricity consumption could top 134 TWh annually by 2027. That’s roughly comparable to the annual consumption of nations like Argentina, the Netherlands, and Sweden.\n \n \n \n \n[Related: NASA wants to use AI to study unidentified aerial phenomenon.]\n \n \n \n \nAlthough de Vries notes data center electricity usage between 2010-2018 (excluding resource-guzzling cryptocurrency mining) has only increased by roughly 6 percent, “[t]here is increasing apprehension that the computation resources necessary to develop and maintain AI models and applications could cause a surge in data centers’ contribution to global electricity consumption.” Given countless industries’ embrace of AI over the last year, it’s not hard to imagine such a hypothetical surge becoming reality. For example, if Google—already a major AI adopter—integrated technology akin to ChatGPT into its 9 billion-per-day Google searches, the company could annually burn through 29.2 TWh of power, or as much electricity as all of Ireland.\n \n \n \n \nde Vries, who also founded the digital trend watchdog research company Digiconomist, believes such an extreme scenario is somewhat unlikely, mainly due to AI server costs alongside supply chain bottlenecks. But the AI industry’s energy needs will undoubtedly continue to grow as the technologies become more prevalent, and that alone necessitates a careful review of where and when to use such products.\n \n \n \n \nThis year, for example, NVIDIA is expected to deliver 100,000 AI servers to customers. Operating at full capacity, the servers’ combined power demand would measure between 650 and 1,020 MW, annually amounting to 5.7-8.9 TWh of electricity consumption. Compared to annual consumption rates of data centers, this is “almost negligible.” \n \n \n \n \nBy 2027, however, NVIDIA could be (and currently is) on track to ship 1.5 million AI servers per year. Estimates using similar electricity consumption rates put their combined demand between 85-134 TWh annually. “At this stage, these servers could represent a significant contribution to worldwide data center electricity consumption,” writes de Vries.\n \n \n \n \nAs de Vries’ own site argues, AI is not a “miracle cure for everything,” still must deal with privacy concerns, discriminatory biases, and hallucinations. “Environmental sustainability now represents another addition to this list of concerns.”\n \nThe post AI could consume as much energy as Argentina annually by 2027 appeared first on Popular Science.\n \nArticles may contain affiliate links which enable us to share in the revenue of any purchases made.","link":"https://www.popsci.com/technology/ai-energy-use-study/","enclosure":null},{"title":"L'Antarctique a perdu 40 % de ses barrières de glace","creator":"","pubDate":"Fri, 13 Oct 2023 07:48:04 +0000","contentSnippet":"L'Antarctique n'en finit pas de s'amenuiser. Dans une étude publiée le 12 octobre dans la revue Science Advances, une équipe de chercheurs montre que plus de 40 % des plateformes de glace du continent blanc (c'est-à-dire les langues de glace situées à l'extrémité des glaciers et flottant sur l'océan) ont perdu en volume entre 1997 et 2021. 7 500 milliards de tonnes d'eau douce ont été relâchées dans l'océan via ce biais, selon les estimations des scientifiques. \n \nCes résultats ont été obtenus grâce à l'analyse (...)\n \n \n            Lire la suite \n             \n            - \n                En bref \n             \n             \n            /  \n                Climat","link":"https://reporterre.net/L-Antarctique-a-perdu-40-de-ses-barrieres-de-glace","enclosure":null},{"title":"Peru’s melting glaciers bring new harvests – and fears for the future","creator":"Peter Yeung in the Cordillera Blanca","pubDate":"Fri, 13 Oct 2023 07:45:35 +0000","contentSnippet":"Water surplus has opened up short-term opportunities for a struggling community in the Cordillera Blanca – but what happens when it runs out?\nFresh Andean water flows abundantly in Hualcayán, a picturesque hilltop settlement studded with archaeological gems in the Cordillera Blanca mountain range in Peru.\nA network of artificial stone canals channel those glacial waters to the community’s vast expanse of farmlands, feeding into fields of ruby-red strawberries, succulent sugar-snap peas, and the ever-growing number of reservoirs that dot the land.\n Continue reading...","link":"https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2023/oct/13/perus-melting-glaciers-bring-new-harvests-and-fears-for-the-future","enclosure":null},{"title":"Exxon fait un “pari” à 60 milliards de dollars sur les combustibles fossiles","creator":"","pubDate":"Thu, 12 Oct 2023 16:48:51 +0000","contentSnippet":"Le géant pétrolier américain s’assure la première place de la production de gaz et de pétrole aux États-Unis en absorbant le producteur de gaz de schiste Pioneer Natural Resources. Ce rachat est un pied de nez aux politiques climatiques.","link":"https://www.courrierinternational.com/article/energie-exxon-fait-un-pari-a-60-milliards-de-dollars-sur-les-combustibles-fossiles","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://focus.courrierinternational.com/2023/10/11/0/0/5000/3335/644/0/60/0/3b4887b_afp-33y26g2.jpg"}},{"title":"Sécheresse : la chaleur de septembre a retardé la période de recharge des nappes","creator":"","pubDate":"Thu, 12 Oct 2023 16:48:24 +0000","contentSnippet":"La recharge des nappes phréatique aurait dû débuter au mois de septembre. Mais les températures et l’absence de pluie ont changé la donne. Une tendance qui se poursuit en octobre.","link":"https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/environnement/article/secheresse-la-chaleur-de-septembre-a-retarde-la-periode-de-recharge-des-nappes_224348.html","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://huffpost-focus.sirius.press/2023/08/13/122/0/4928/2772/0/0/60/0/8ed460c_1691933279145-000-32fx3dn.jpg"}},{"title":"Aux Pays-Bas, le virus de la langue bleue se propage dans les élevages","creator":"","pubDate":"Thu, 12 Oct 2023 16:47:48 +0000","contentSnippet":"Plusieurs foyers épidémiques de fièvre catarrhale, ou maladie de la langue bleue, ont été signalés dans des troupeaux ovins et bovins des Pays-Bas. La souche du virus qui en est responsable est particulièrement virulente, et il n’existe pour le moment pas de vaccin.","link":"https://www.courrierinternational.com/article/epizootie-aux-pays-bas-le-virus-de-la-langue-bleue-se-propage-dans-les-elevages","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://focus.courrierinternational.com/2023/10/12/0/0/6000/4000/644/0/60/0/7fa844a_1697114727405-043-479468188.jpg"}},{"title":"Consumer prices rise in September, boosted by soaring shelter and gas costs","creator":"Javier E. David","pubDate":"Thu, 12 Oct 2023 12:56:28 +0000","contentSnippet":"Prices paid by consumers rose more than expected in September, according to new Labor Department data released on Thursday.\nWhy it matters: Soaring yields have tightened financial conditions, helping to accomplish the Federal Reserve's goal of taking some steam out of the economy, amid a growing debate about whether the Fed needs to continue hiking interest rates.\n\nYet both inflation and demand have proven resilient in the face of a weakening economy, with energy prices jumping and the jobs markets still buoyant.\n\nBy the numbers: Headline CPI rose to 3.7% in the 12 months through September, steady from 3.7% posted in August, boosted by shelter costs and gasoline prices. \n\nThe Bureau of Labor Statistics said housing prices were the largest contributor to September's figure, accounting for half of the CPI's gains. \nThe energy component rose by 1.5%, due in part to spiking crude prices that have trickled down to the gas pump. \nThe core gauge, which strips out food and energy prices, rose by 4.1%, compared to 4.3% the prior month. That was stronger than most Wall Street economists had forecasted.\nA Bloomberg survey had expected headline CPI to edge lower, to 3.6% from 3.7%, with annual core inflation falling to 4.1% from 4.3% prior.\n\nWhat they're saying: Despite September's unexpected headline gain, Capital Economics expects a \"downward trend\" to persist in core prices. \n\n\"Overall, there is nothing here that will convince Fed officials to hike rates at the next FOMC meeting, and we continue to expect a more rapid decline in inflation and weaker economic growth to result in rates being cut much more aggressively next year, than markets are pricing in,\" wrote Andrew Hunter, deputy chief U.S. economist, in a note.\n\nIn a related move, the Social Security Administration announced that benefits for over 70 million retirees will rise by 3.2% next year, a smaller boost than the record increase seen in 2023.\n\nSeptember's CPI data was the final data point the SSA needed to calculate the cost-of-living-adjustment, which has helped recipients offset the worst bout of inflation in decades.\n\nEditor's note: This story was updated with additional details.","link":"https://www.axios.com/2023/10/12/cpi-inflation-report-september-2023","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://images.axios.com/Nbs88oW-oHx2np6xB7vkwjBFMdw=/2905x2483:2905x2483/1280x720/2023/10/12/1697111827731.jpg"}},{"title":"Climat : la mortalité de la forêt française a bondi en dix ans","creator":"La Croix (avec AFP)","pubDate":"Thu, 12 Oct 2023 12:12:00 +0000","contentSnippet":"La forêt souffre du réchauffement climatique. Selon les données publiées jeudi 12 octobre par l’Institut national de l’information géographique et forestière (IGN), elle a vu sa mortalité augmenter de « près de 80 % en dix ans ».","link":"https://www.la-croix.com/planete/Climat-mortalite-foret-francaise-bondi-dix-ans-2023-10-12-1201286572","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://i.la-croix.com/x/2023/10/12/1201286572/Selon-donnees-publiees-jeudi-12-octobre-lInstitut-national-linformation-geographique-forestiere-IGN-foret-mortalite-augmenter-80_0.jpg"}},{"title":"Les distributions alimentaires interdites dans le nord de Paris","creator":"","pubDate":"Thu, 12 Oct 2023 09:28:10 +0000","contentSnippet":"La préfecture de police justifie l’interdiction de distributions pendant un mois en leur reprochant de « stimuler la formation de campements ».","link":"https://www.lemonde.fr/societe/article/2023/10/10/les-distributions-alimentaires-interdites-dans-le-nord-de-paris_6193556_3224.html","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://img.lemde.fr/2023/09/07/0/0/5520/2760/644/322/60/0/9c52054_1694051009268-589040.jpg"}},{"title":"Quand l’intelligence artificielle crée des « deepfakes » musicaux","creator":"","pubDate":"Thu, 12 Oct 2023 09:25:52 +0000","contentSnippet":"La multiplication de voix clonées générées par les machines sur des chansons et diffusées sur les réseaux sociaux met le milieu professionnel en émoi.","link":"https://www.lemonde.fr/culture/article/2023/10/11/quand-l-intelligence-artificielle-cree-des-deepfakes-musicaux_6193851_3246.html","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://img.lemde.fr/2023/10/10/505/0/6109/3054/644/322/60/0/fd778f7_1696949592443-sipa-01129229-000152.jpg"}},{"title":"Education à la sexualité des jeunes : un nouveau diagnostic souligne les lacunes dans les préjugés sexistes et sexuels, l’impact des réseaux sociaux, le consentement…","creator":"","pubDate":"Thu, 12 Oct 2023 09:24:56 +0000","contentSnippet":"Les séances en milieu scolaire demeurent très inégalement appliquées, selon le baromètre dévoilé, jeudi 12 octobre, par la fondation Apprentis d’Auteuil. Quand elles le sont, elles passent en partie à côté des attentes des jeunes de 16-20 ans.","link":"https://www.lemonde.fr/societe/article/2023/10/12/education-a-la-sexualite-un-nouveau-diagnostic-souligne-les-lacunes-dans-la-formation-des-jeunes_6193938_3224.html","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/png","url":"https://img.lemde.fr/2023/10/11/293/0/3500/1750/644/322/60/0/dde356c_1697040625358-b654eae-ke9yyypor2jdhu3nxnekbb99.png"}},{"title":"Algorithmes - Vers un monde manipulé | ARTE","creator":"ARTE","pubDate":"Thu, 12 Oct 2023 09:23:29 +0000","contentSnippet":"Rediffusion jusqu'au 08/01/2024\n \n \nCapitalisme de surveillance\n \n \nRemontant le flux immatériel des données et les câbles sous-marins, bien réels, servant à leur transport, cette enquête met en lumière la montée en puissance d’un \"capitalisme de surveillance\", illustrée par de nombreux exemples, à l’instar des employés d’Amazon espionnés jusque dans leur intimité. S’appuyant sur l’œuvre de l’artiste, géographe et auteur Trevor Paglen, qui critique la manière dont les algorithmes consolident les préjugés, ce film très politique décortique les dessous du monde digital au travers d’analyses de chercheurs et de témoignages d’utilisateurs. Il nous conduit notamment au Venezuela, où des milliers de \"micro-travailleurs\" rémunérés à la tâche alimentent, derrière leurs écrans et dans des conditions de travail indécentes, cette économie numérique et nos désirs de consommateurs connectés.\nhttps://www.youtube.com/channel/UCwI-JbGNsojunnHbFAc0M4Q/?sub_confirmation=1\n \n \nSuivez-nous sur les réseaux !\n \nFacebook : http://www.facebook.com/artetv\n \nTwitter : http://www.twitter.com/artefr\n \nInstagram : https://www.instagram.com/artefr","link":"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t-Sa-lahpkc","enclosure":null},{"title":"Ce que les sédiments au fond d’un lac finlandais révèlent de la pollution aux microplastiques","creator":"Saija Saarni, Senior research in geology, University of Turku","pubDate":"Thu, 12 Oct 2023 08:25:58 +0000","contentSnippet":"Des chercheurs sur le lac Kallavesi (gelé) en Finlande afin de réaliser un prélèvement.  Timo Saarinen, Fourni par l'auteur\nLe soleil brille et l’air semble étonnamment chaud alors que nous marchons sur les 35 cm de glace qui recouvrent un lac gelé du centre de la Finlande. Derrière nous, les lourds traîneaux se déplacent aisément, car il n’y a pas beaucoup de neige sur la glace aujourd’hui. Le trajet n’est pas long : nous sommes près de la ville de Kuopio, qui est entourée par le dixième plus grand lac du pays. Malgré une température de -10 °C, je dois enlever mon chapeau – le soleil de ce début mars est déjà chaud.\n \n \nNous ne réalisons pas cette traversée pour le plaisir du sport ou de la randonnée, mais dans le cadre d’un projet de recherche. Nous nous dirigeons avec détermination jusqu’au cœur de l’étendue gelée afin de prélever, au fond du lac, une carotte de sédiments. Cette boue – que les géologues appellent sédiments – s’y dépose lentement. La vitesse d’accumulation de la boue varie considérablement en fonction de la masse d’eau, mais dans cette baie du lac Kallavesi, environ un centimètre de sédiments se dépose chaque année. En toute logique, les nouveaux sédiments se déposent sur les anciens. À la manière d’une machine à remonter le temps, plus on creuse, plus on remonte dans le passé. On peut considérer les sédiments comme des bibliothèques contenant les histoires non racontées d’un lac. Et si l’on peut lire les mots de la carotte sédimentaire, ils racontent des histoires étonnantes.\n \n \nLe lac Kallavesi possède un type de sédiments rare et particulier, appelés sédiments laminés annuellement, ou encore sédiments varvés. Ils se composent d’une alternance successive de bandes claires et sombres, comme les cernes d’un arbre, qui peuvent être comptés à rebours du plus récent au plus ancien. On peut y retrouver celui de son année de naissance – ou celle de votre grand-mère. Ces couches de sédiments permettent de remonter à des milliers d’années en arrière.\n \n \nL’histoire des plastiques enterrée dans la boue\n \n \nMais nul besoin de voyager aussi loin dans l’histoire : c’est la présence de particules de plastique dans les sédiments naturels que nous souhaitons étudier, dans la lignée de nos recherches en cours, notamment publiées dans le Journal of Soils and Sediments en février 2023.\n \n \nLe recours massif au plastique a commencé il y a environ 70 ans. Depuis, neuf milliards de tonnes du matériau ont été produites, dont seuls 12 % sont incinérés, ce qui signifie que 7,5 milliards de tonnes se trouvent encore en circulation : recyclées et réutilisées dans le meilleur des cas, mais on les retrouve également dans des décharges ou enfouies sous terre. Et, au bout du compte, dans la nature et dans les cours d’eau.\n \n \nLe poids de tout ce plastique est supérieur à celui de tous les habitants de la planète : il y a environ 1000 kg de plastique pour chacun d’entre nous, principalement sous forme de déchets.\n \n \nQue ferions-nous, vous et moi, si nous devions chacun prendre en charge notre part de plastique ? Voilà à quoi je pense alors que je fore la glace. La glace épaisse nous sert de plate-forme stable, et nous permet de répartir autour de nous tous nos carottiers, scies, traîneaux, tubes, fils électriques et autres casseroles d’eau chaude. Nous utilisons des tiges métalliques pour pousser les tubes de carottage sur onze mètres au fond du lac, jusqu’aux sédiments. Quelques minutes plus tard, nous soulevons les tubes de prélèvement à la surface. Il est connu que la baie est polluée, mais nous sommes surpris par la forte odeur de pétrole qui se dégage de la carotte.\n \n \nLe plastique étant un matériau très durable, il convient parfaitement comme tube de carottage. Cet avantage représente aussi le pire aspect du plastique : rejeté dans l’environnement, il ne se décompose pas, mais se brise en morceaux de plus en plus petits. Les particules de moins de 5 mm sont appelées microplastiques. Elles ne sont étudiées que depuis 2004, après que Richard Thompson a accidentellement noté leur présence dans les sédiments côtiers près de Plymouth, en Angleterre. Bien qu’il s’agisse d’un domaine de recherche relativement nouveau, nous savons déjà que les microplastiques sont des polluants nocifs qui mettent en danger la vie animale, y compris la nôtre, et qu’ils sont présents partout, du sommet de l’Himalaya aux océans les plus profonds.\n \n \nComme les particules naturelles, les microplastiques sont transportés vers les lacs par les rivières, les pluies et le vent. Ils peuvent flotter à la surface, mais finissent par couler au fond. Là, ils seront lentement enfouis sous de nouvelles couches de sédiments. De quelle proportion a augmenté la quantité de microplastiques présents dans la nature au cours des 70 dernières années ? Pour le savoir, il faut se plonger dans les sédiments.\n \n \nL’art de déchiffrer les couches sédimentaires\n \n \nLa carotte de sédiments de deux mètres est désormais posée sur la table métallique de notre laboratoire. Lorsque nous ouvrons la carotte à l’aide d’une scie, j’en ai la chair de poule : on ne sait jamais à l’avance à quoi ressembleront les sédiments.\n \n \n \n             \n             \n              La carotte du sédiment lacustre révèle des bandes plus claires et plus sombres qui nous permettent de remonter dans le temps. \n              Fourni par l'auteur \n             \n           \n \nLes sédiments sont constitués à la fois de matériaux naturels et de polluants. Les matériaux détritiques (c’est-à-dire provenant de la désagrégation d’une roche préexistante, ndlt) tels que l’argile, le limon et le sable sont entraînés dans le lac par les crues printanières qui suivent la fonte des neiges – c’est la couche claire des sédiments du lac Kallavesi. Plus la couche claire est épaisse, plus la crue printanière a été intense et plus il y a eu de neige pendant l’hiver.\n \n \nLes sédiments contiennent également beaucoup de matière organique, non seulement des plantes déplacées par les rivières et du pollen transporté à travers de longues distances par le vent, mais aussi des algues. Les jours d’été ensoleillés, elles fleurissent à la surface du lac et servent ainsi de buffet au zooplancton qui prospère à la surface. Lorsque ces organismes microscopiques meurent, ils coulent eux aussi au fond de l’eau et se fondent dans la vase.\n \n \nLes sédiments témoignent également des activités humaines. Pour construire un pont ou une route, il faut creuser, ce qui peut accélérer l’érosion des sols. De fait, nos sédiments montrent des couches claires qui peuvent atteindre plusieurs centimètres d’épaisseur. On retrouve aussi de nombreux polluants enfouis dans les sédiments : nous avons découvert des traces de métaux tels que le mercure, le cuivre, le plomb et le zinc, ainsi que des fractions d’hydrocarbures et des hydrocarbures aromatiques polycycliques (HAP), qui présentent un risque écologique et sont potentiellement dangereux pour la santé. Nombre d’entre eux sont liés à la combustion de combustibles fossiles. En plus de ce cocktail chimique, les sédiments ont aussi été nourris par de grandes quantités de microplastiques.\n \n \nParfois, j’ai l’impression de retomber en enfance : jouer dans l’eau et la boue était mon plus grand plaisir pendant les vacances d’été. Aujourd’hui, mes activités ne sont pas très différentes : récolter de la boue, la traiter de différentes manières, la mettre dans toutes sortes de tasses et de machines. Je rentre souvent à la maison avec des vêtements couverts de taches. La différence, c’est que désormais je planifie mes sessions de jeu plus en détail, après avoir passé des semaines en laboratoire à préparer l’analyse des sédiments.\n \n \nDeux pas en avant, un pas en arrière\n \n \nNos résultats préliminaires montrent que les quantités de métaux lourds et de fractions pétrolières ont considérablement diminué depuis les années 1970. C’est une bonne nouvelle, car cela signifie que nous avons compris la dangerosité de ces produits chimiques et que nos actions en faveur de la préservation de la nature ont porté leurs fruits. Malheureusement, ce n’est pas le cas des microplastiques : leur présence dans les sédiments augmente avec le temps.\n \n \n \n             \n             \n              Gros plan sur des sédiments lacustres révélant un nombre élevé de particules microplastiques. Nombre d’entre elles proviennent de plastiques à usage unique qui se retrouvent dans l’environnement. \n              Fourni par l'auteur \n             \n           \n \nLes matériaux les plus souvent retrouvés sont le polyéthylène, le polypropylène et le polystyrène, souvent utilisés pour les produits dits à usage unique tels que les emballages. Dans les couches annuelles, on distingue immédiatement les années 2011-2013, qui ont été marquées par d’importants travaux de construction et de dragage dans le port. Durant cette période, un grand nombre de microplastiques sont présents, avec une grande diversité dans les matériaux.\n \n \nAvec des informations aussi détaillées, nous commençons à comprendre comment les activités humaines ont une influence directe sur les microplastiques dans l’eau. À l’avenir, nous voulons comprendre comment toutes sortes de polluants déjà présents dans la nature peuvent se fixer sur les particules de microplastiques, et ce qui se passe lorsque ces particules sont consommées par le plancton, le zooplancton et la faune qui vit au fond des lacs.\n \n \nIl y a encore beaucoup de choses que nous ne comprenons pas sur les microplastiques et les risques qu’ils posent, mais nos connaissances s’améliorent avec chaque carotte de sédiments. Ce n’est pas du gâteau. Sauf à considérer qu’il s’agit d’un gâteau de boue…\n \n \n \n \n \n             \n             \n               \n               \n             \n           \n \nCréé en 2007 pour accélérer et partager les connaissances scientifiques sur les grands enjeux sociétaux, le Fonds Axa pour la Recherche a soutenu près de 700 projets dans le monde entier, menés par des chercheurs originaires de 38 pays. Pour en savoir plus, consultez le site Axa Research Fund ou suivez-nous sur Twitter @AXAResearchFund.\n \nSaija Saarni a reçu des financements de AXA Resesarch Fund.","link":"https://theconversation.com/ce-que-les-sediments-au-fond-dun-lac-finlandais-revelent-de-la-pollution-aux-microplastiques-214997","enclosure":null},{"title":"Médicaments contre l’acné: des dangers persistants","creator":"Rozenn Le Saint","pubDate":"Thu, 12 Oct 2023 08:24:31 +0000","contentSnippet":"Les comprimés à base d’isotrétinoïne, anciennement commercialisés sous le nom de Roaccutane et consommés par plus de cent vingt mille jeunes Français et Françaises chaque année, font disparaître les boutons mais peuvent être facteurs de troubles psychiatriques graves. Et mener au suicide.","link":"https://www.mediapart.fr/journal/france/081023/medicaments-contre-l-acne-des-dangers-persistants","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://static.mediapart.fr/etmagine/default/files/2023/09/19/20230919-img-medicaments-contre-l-acne-des-dangers-persistants-1.jpg"}},{"title":"«Predator Files»: des élus français, européens et américains visés par le logiciel espion","creator":"Yann Philippin","pubDate":"Thu, 12 Oct 2023 08:24:20 +0000","contentSnippet":"­Le Vietnam a utilisé le logiciel espion Predator, qui lui a été vendu par le groupe français Nexa, pour mener une vaste tentative de piratages via Twitter. L’eurodéputé macroniste Pierre Karleskind a été visé, ainsi que France 24, la présidente du Parlement européen, des élus américains, des journalistes et des diplomates.","link":"https://www.mediapart.fr/journal/international/091023/predator-files-des-elus-francais-europeens-et-americains-vises-par-le-logiciel-espion","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://static.mediapart.fr/etmagine/default/files/2023/10/09/7-illustr-chapo.jpg"}},{"title":"Dans la revue «Nature», des scientifiques alertent sur le déclin des amphibiens","creator":"RFI","pubDate":"Thu, 12 Oct 2023 08:19:38 +0000","contentSnippet":"Un inventaire des menaces qui pèsent sur les amphibiens a été publié dans la revue Nature. 41 % d'entre eux risquent l'extinction, selon le recensement établi par les scientifiques, avec un rôle de plus en plus accru du réchauffement climatique.","link":"https://www.rfi.fr/fr/science/20231007-dans-la-revue-nature-des-scientifiques-alertent-sur-le-d%C3%A9clin-des-amphibiens","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://s.rfi.fr/media/display/754828e4-397e-11ea-84d3-005056a98db9/w:1024/p:16x9/gettyimages-863733670_0.jpg"}},{"title":"Teen Depression Rose During Pandemic, With Racial Gaps in Treatment","creator":"Matt Richtel","pubDate":"Thu, 12 Oct 2023 08:09:00 +0000","contentSnippet":"Approximately 20 percent of teenagers had major depressive disorder in 2021, but less than half who needed treatment received it, a new study found.","link":"https://www.nytimes.com/2023/10/09/health/teen-depression-treatment.html","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://static01.nyt.com/images/2023/10/09/multimedia/09depression-chjg/09depression-chjg-moth.jpg"}},{"title":"L’OMS s’inquiète de la progression de la dengue en Europe, aux États-Unis et en Afrique subsaharienne","creator":"Stéphanie Le Guillou, Journaliste Santé","pubDate":"Thu, 12 Oct 2023 08:01:44 +0000","contentSnippet":"Face à la montée des températures, la dengue menace de s'étendre dans le sud des États-Unis, le sud de l'Europe et l'Afrique. L'OMS appelle à une préparation renforcée face à cette maladie en expansion rapide, exacerbée par le changement climatique et l'urbanisation.","link":"https://www.futura-sciences.com/sante/actualites/moustique-oms-inquiete-progression-dengue-europe-etats-unis-afrique-subsaharienne-108261/#xtor%3DRSS-8","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpg","url":"https://cdn.futura-sciences.com/buildsv6/images/wide1920/8/e/b/8eb71216b3_50207266_moustique-ai-generative.jpg"}},{"title":"L'océan va devenir plus bruyant à cause du changement climatique !","creator":"Camille Auchère, Journaliste junior","pubDate":"Thu, 12 Oct 2023 07:58:34 +0000","contentSnippet":"L'augmentation probable du trafic maritime associée à l'augmentation des températures et à l'acidification des océans va produire un véritable vacarme sous-marin, prédisent les chercheurs. Une perspective inquiétante pour la survie de l'écosystème marin, complètement dépendant de la...","link":"https://www.futura-sciences.com/planete/actualites/vie-marine-ocean-va-devenir-plus-bruyant-cause-changement-climatique-108323/#xtor%3DRSS-8","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpg","url":"https://cdn.futura-sciences.com/buildsv6/images/wide1920/a/f/c/afcca16e3c_50207290_cargos-trafic-maritime.jpg"}},{"title":"Climate crisis will make Europe’s beer cost more and taste worse, say scientists","creator":"Ajit Niranjan","pubDate":"Thu, 12 Oct 2023 07:57:11 +0000","contentSnippet":"Experts say hop yields and quality will continue to drop by 2050 if farmers don’t adapt to higher temperatures\nClimate breakdown is already changing the taste and quality of beer, scientists have warned.\nThe quantity and quality of hops, a key ingredient in most beers, is being affected by global heating, according to a study. As a result, beer may become more expensive and manufacturers will have to adapt their brewing methods.\n Continue reading...","link":"https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/oct/10/climate-crisis-will-make-europes-beer-cost-more-and-taste-worse-say-scientists","enclosure":null},{"title":"Plastique : les paillettes, c'est fini","creator":"","pubDate":"Thu, 12 Oct 2023 07:55:48 +0000","contentSnippet":"Elles brillent, mais polluent les corps, les sols et les océans. Les paillettes, comme d'autres microplastiques « ajoutés intentionnellement » par les fabricants, seront proscrites à partir du 16 octobre dans l'Union européenne. Le 25 septembre, l'Union européenne a adopté de nouvelles règles visant à empêcher « le rejet dans l'environnement d'environ un demi-million de tonnes de microplastiques ». \n \nEn Allemagne, la nouvelle a provoqué une ruée dans les magasins et a suscité l'émoi des stars du show-business, (...)\n \n \n            Lire la suite \n             \n            - \n                En bref \n             \n             \n            /  \n                Pollutions \n            ,  \n                Quotidien","link":"https://reporterre.net/Les-paillettes-en-plastique-c-est-termine","enclosure":null},{"title":"Why are we avoiding the 'what if' of nuclear war?","creator":"","pubDate":"Thu, 12 Oct 2023 07:54:47 +0000","contentSnippet":"The clear and present danger of nuclear escalation that once lurked over the civilised world’s head has dissipated into the ether, and the nonchalant manner that the world has adopted toward it raises many questions, Stewart Mackinnon writes.","link":"https://www.euronews.com/2023/10/11/why-are-we-avoiding-the-what-if-of-nuclear-war","enclosure":null},{"title":"Deforestation in Bolivia has jumped by 32% in a year. What is going on?","creator":"Thomas Graham in Santa Cruz de la Sierra","pubDate":"Thu, 12 Oct 2023 07:52:49 +0000","contentSnippet":"Everything points to more, not less, tree clearance, as country’s fastest-growing region embraces intensive agriculture\nOne hot night in Roboré, a town in Bolivia’s eastern lowlands, the community leader Rubén Darío Arias was hunched over a laptop, smoking intensely as he pointed to the red spots where forest fires were breaking out all over the map.\nThis was in September 2022 – but it could have been any other recent year. Large forest fires are now an annual phenomenon in Bolivia – cause and effect of the deforestation linked to its booming agribusiness.\n Continue reading...","link":"https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2023/oct/12/deforestation-in-bolivia-has-jumped-by-32-in-a-year-what-is-going-on","enclosure":null},{"title":"Règles plus précoces : \"C'est impossible de nier l'impact des perturbateurs endocriniens\", juge une gynécologue","creator":"","pubDate":"Thu, 12 Oct 2023 07:43:19 +0000","contentSnippet":"Une étude publiée par l'association Règles élémentaires indique que 80% des jeunes filles ont leurs règles avant 13 ans. Une précocité qui s'explique, selon Julia Maruani, par l'impact de facteurs environnementaux.","link":"https://www.francetvinfo.fr/sante/enfant-ado/regles-plus-precoces-c-est-impossible-de-nier-l-impact-des-perturbateurs-endocriniens-juge-une-gynecologue_6115269.html#xtor=RSS-3-%5Blestitres%5D","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://www.francetvinfo.fr/image/765zxo8gh-2489/500/281/33465021.jpg"}},{"title":"Enquête inédite sur le rôle de l’une des principales banques du Brésil dans l’esclavage","creator":"","pubDate":"Tue, 10 Oct 2023 15:06:58 +0000","contentSnippet":"Une action en justice visant Banco do Brasil a été sollicitée par des historiens, qui ont étudié les relations entre la plus ancienne banque publique du pays et la traite négrière au XIXᵉ siècle. Selon eux, tout le système financier de l’époque profitait de l’esclavage.","link":"https://www.courrierinternational.com/article/justice-enquete-inedite-sur-le-role-de-l-une-des-principales-banques-du-bresil-dans-l-esclavage","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://focus.courrierinternational.com/2023/10/10/0/0/5184/3456/644/0/60/0/f780128_1696924293456-bancodobrasil.JPG"}},{"title":"La réponse du patron de Levi’s à l’urgence climatique : ne pas laver son jean","creator":"","pubDate":"Tue, 10 Oct 2023 15:06:01 +0000","contentSnippet":"Sur “CNBC”, le patron du fabricant américain, Chip Berg, affirme qu’il porte son jean sous la douche pour ne pas trop l’abîmer en le lavant, le lavage en machine étant mauvais pour la texture et les couleurs. Et puis, c’est bon pour l’environnement…","link":"https://www.courrierinternational.com/article/splash-la-reponse-du-patron-de-levi-s-a-l-urgence-climatique-ne-pas-laver-son-jean","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://focus.courrierinternational.com/2023/10/10/0/0/7485/4990/644/0/60/0/0f2b2d6_1696928219134-000-33ea8mn.jpg"}},{"title":"La crise climatique coûterait 16 millions de dollars par heure en dégâts matériels et humains","creator":"","pubDate":"Tue, 10 Oct 2023 15:04:56 +0000","contentSnippet":"Une nouvelle étude fondée sur une approche innovante montre que les coûts des phénomènes météorologiques extrêmes imputables au changement climatique sont estimés à 2 860 milliards de dollars sur la période allant de 2000 à 2019.","link":"https://www.courrierinternational.com/article/le-chiffre-du-jour-la-crise-climatique-couterait-16-millions-de-dollars-par-heure-en-degats-materiels-et-humains","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://focus.courrierinternational.com/2023/10/10/0/0/1100/730/644/0/60/0/d8aec2d_1696934255496-image.png"}},{"title":"Over 75% of Earth’s undescribed plants threatened by extinction, new report warns","creator":"","pubDate":"Tue, 10 Oct 2023 14:24:07 +0000","contentSnippet":"How can you save what you can’t name? Major new plant and fungi report tackles ‘knowledge gaps’ and urges conservation.","link":"https://www.euronews.com/green/2023/10/10/over-75-of-earths-undescribed-plants-threatened-by-extinction-new-report-warns","enclosure":null},{"title":"L’ONU demande une surveillance accrue du négoce de denrées agricoles","creator":"Richard Etienne","pubDate":"Tue, 10 Oct 2023 12:57:11 +0000","contentSnippet":"Le manque de régulations exacerbe la crise alimentaire mondiale, estime la Cnuced. En Suisse, le secteur est déjà très surveillé, mais aussi incompris, rétorque la faîtière Suissenégoce\nUne plus grande surveillance du secteur du négoce de matières premières alimentaires. C’est ce qu’a demandé l’ONU dans un rapport la semaine dernière. La Conférence des Nations unies sur le commerce et le développement (Cnuced) estime que l’activité des grands négociants n’est pas assez réglementée et qu’elle participe de l’inflation alimentaire générée par la guerre en Ukraine.\n«Le contraste saisissant entre les profits croissants des géants du commerce des matières premières et l’insécurité alimentaire généralisée de millions de personnes souligne une réalité troublante: l’activité non réglementée dans le secteur des matières premières contribue à l’augmentation spéculative des prix et à l’instabilité du marché, exacerbant ainsi la crise alimentaire mondiale», écrit la Cnuced dans son rapport.\nVoir plus","link":"https://www.letemps.ch/articles/l-onu-demande-une-surveillance-accrue-du-negoce-de-denrees-agricoles","enclosure":null},{"title":"« Les survivalistes écolos sont comme les milliardaires qu’ils critiquent »","creator":"","pubDate":"Tue, 10 Oct 2023 12:45:34 +0000","contentSnippet":"Le localisme agricole est-il une impasse ? Comment certains micro-organismes peuvent-ils empêcher l’effondrement du système alimentaire mondial ? Entretien avec l’essayiste et militant britannique George Monbiot, qui propose dans son dernier essai de « remettre à plat l’intégralité de nos pratiques et de nos conceptions » en matière d’alimentation.","link":"https://usbeketrica.com/fr/article/les-survivalistes-ecolos-sont-comme-les-milliardaires-qu-ils-critiquent","enclosure":null},{"title":"La détection à coup sûr des deepfakes ne marchera sans doute jamais totalement","creator":"Nicolas Beuve","pubDate":"Tue, 10 Oct 2023 12:32:27 +0000","contentSnippet":"Des systèmes d'intelligence artificielle créent des « deepfakes », ces vidéos ultra-réalistes, tandis que d'autres les détectent. Un jeu du chat et de la souris. \n [Lire la suite]\nAbonnez-vous aux newsletters Numerama pour recevoir l’essentiel de l’actualité https://www.numerama.com/newsletter/","link":"https://www.numerama.com/tech/1518812-la-detection-a-coup-sur-des-deepfakes-ne-marchera-sans-doute-jamais-totalement.html","enclosure":null},{"title":"Champs Phlégréens : quels sont les scénarios des experts pour le supervolcan de l'Europe ?","creator":"Morgane Gillard, Rédactrice","pubDate":"Tue, 10 Oct 2023 12:27:28 +0000","contentSnippet":"Avec les secousses qui agitent en ce moment la caldeira des champs Phlégréens ressurgit la peur de voir ce supervolcan entrer à nouveau en éruption. Même si tous les experts assurent que la probabilité d’un tel évènement reste faible, différents scénarios sont toutefois envisagés. L’histoire...","link":"https://www.futura-sciences.com/planete/actualites/volcan-champs-phlegreens-sont-scenarios-experts-supervolcan-europe-108178/#xtor%3DRSS-8","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpg","url":"https://cdn.futura-sciences.com/buildsv6/images/wide1920/1/1/e/11e59c8bfb_50207142_volcan-eruption.jpg"}},{"title":"Une nouvelle crise de l’eau menace ces régions de France où la sécheresse s’intensifie","creator":"Karine Durand, Spécialiste météo extrême et environnement","pubDate":"Tue, 10 Oct 2023 12:23:44 +0000","contentSnippet":"Avec les températures exceptionnelles de fin septembre et début octobre, la sécheresse de surface, qui avait quasiment complètement disparu, fait son grand retour. Elle est désormais présente sur les 3/4 du pays, avec des niveaux «  sévères » à « extrêmes » sur certains départements du sud et du...","link":"https://www.futura-sciences.com/planete/actualites/meteorologie-nouvelle-crise-eau-menace-ces-regions-france-secheresse-intensifie-107948/#xtor%3DRSS-8","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpg","url":"https://cdn.futura-sciences.com/buildsv6/images/wide1920/5/f/1/5f11a81e9e_50207218_dryness-3618653-1920.jpg"}},{"title":"Addiction to ultra-processed food affects 14% of adults, global study shows","creator":"Andrew Gregory Health editor","pubDate":"Tue, 10 Oct 2023 12:22:44 +0000","contentSnippet":"Report’s authors also estimate about 12% of children hooked and call for further research into problem\nOne in seven adults and one in eight children may be hooked on ultra-processed foods (UPFs), experts have said, prompting calls for some products to be labelled as addictive.\nRecent studies have linked UPFs such as ice-cream, fizzy drinks and ready meals to poor health, including an increased risk of cancer, weight gain and heart disease. Global consumption of the products is soaring and UPFs now make up more than half the average diet in the UK and US.\n Continue reading...","link":"https://www.theguardian.com/science/2023/oct/10/addiction-to-ultra-processed-food-affects-14-of-adults-global-study-shows","enclosure":null},{"title":"As climate risks mount, the insurance safety net is collapsing","creator":"Lois Parshley","pubDate":"Tue, 10 Oct 2023 12:21:10 +0000","contentSnippet":"This story is the first in a four-part Grist series examining how climate change is destabilizing the global insurance market. It is published in partnership with the Economic Hardship Reporting Project.\n \n \n \n \n“We’ve got ourselves a little monster out there,” anchorman Jim Cantore warned, facing the camera in the Weather Channel’s newsroom on a sultry August weekend in 1992. At first, few in Florida were paying attention. “It’s very hard to get people to believe that there’s some danger from some element of nature that they haven’t experienced before,” a reporter told Cantore, as the channel played tape of tranquil beaches and neat vacation homes. \n \n \n \n \nAs the storm approached Florida, it gained the moniker Andrew, rapidly intensifying into a Category 5 hurricane as it exceeded wind speeds of 165 mph. Karen Clark watched updates on TV from her home in Boston with fascinated horror — and her career on the line. \n \n \n \n \nMost insurance companies at that time assessed hurricane exposure in their portfolios by simply multiplying customer premiums by a rough factor of supposed risk, rather than tracking actual property replacement costs. “They were just very crude formulas,” she said. \n \n \n \n \nSo in 1987, Clark had started her own company, Applied Insurance Research, or AIR, to develop software that better estimated the potential losses from catastrophic events. Unlike the rest of the industry, she used granular data and sophisticated analyses, an approach now called catastrophe modeling. Her first computer model estimated that a Category 5 hurricane hitting Dade County could cause losses almost 10 times more than previously believed. She warned her customers about the risk in Florida, but until Hurricane Andrew, no one listened. “The good ol’ boys at Lloyds [of London], you know, they thought they had it all figured out,” she said. “They didn’t need any help from this American woman carrying around a little computer.”\n \n \n \n \nAn image of Hurricane Andrew as it hits southern Florida in August 1992. Getty/Stocktrek\n \n \n \n \nBy that Sunday morning in 1992, it became clear that Andrew’s eye was aiming straight for Miami. Clark rushed into the AIR office, where her models suggested that the storm could cause at least $13 billion in damages — a disaster so expensive at first she debated whether she should publish the results. \n \n \n \n \nAs the hurricane made landfall the next day, it tore palm trees from the ground and stripped roofs from houses, carving a devastating path across southern Florida. Over 100,000 homes were damaged, and an additional 50,000 were destroyed. When a client called asking about his probable losses, Clark told him around $200 million dollars. “He said, ‘For the industry?’ and I was like, ‘No. For your company.’” AIR’s estimates turned out to be conservative: Andrew eventually cost the insurance industry $15 billion. \n \n \n \n \nIn the aftermath, Clark said, “everyone knew the market was going to radically change.” The catastrophe models she developed quickly became the industry standard, changing how American companies navigated risk from natural disasters. \n \n \n \n \nIn hindsight, it was the beginning of the dynamic now driving insurance markets. To handle massive payout events like Andrew, insurance companies sell policies across different markets — historically, a hurricane wasn’t hitting Florida in the same month a wildfire wiped out a town in California. They themselves also pay for insurance, a financial instrument called reinsurance that helps distribute risk across geographic regions. Reinsurance availability remains a major driver of what insurance you can buy — and how much it costs.\n \n \n \n \nA shopkeeper clears floodwater from her store in Brooklyn, New York on September 29 after heavy, overnight rains inundated parts of the city. Ed Jones / AFP via Getty Images\n \n \n \n \nBut as climate change intensifies extreme weather and claims pile up, this system has been thrown into disarray. Insured losses from natural disasters in the U.S. now routinely approach $100 billion a year, compared to $4.6 billion in 2000. As a result, the average homeowner has seen their premiums spike 21 percent since 2015. Perhaps unsurprisingly, the states most likely to have disasters — like Texas and Florida — have some of the most expensive insurance rates. That means ever more people are forgoing coverage, leaving them vulnerable and driving prices even higher as the number of people paying premiums and sharing risk shrinks. \n \n \n \n \nThis vicious cycle also increases reinsurers’ rates. Reinsurers globally raised prices for property insurers by 37 percent in 2023, contributing to insurance companies pulling back from risky states like California and Florida. “As events are getting bigger and more costly, that has raised the prices of reinsurance in those areas,” said Carolyn Kousky, the associate vice president for economics and policy at the Environmental Defense Fund, who studies insurance. “It’s called the hardening of the market.” \n \n \n \n \nIn a worse-case scenario, this all leads to a massive stranded asset problem: Premiums get so high that property values plummet, families’ investments dissipate, and banks are stuck holding what’s left.   \n \n \n \n \nMore simply, the global process for handling life’s risks is breaking down, leaving those who can least afford it unprotected.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \nThe idea of distributing risk has been around since the 14th century, when insurers of trading ships wanted someone to share the uncertainties of long sea voyages. Modern reinsurance was established in 19th century Europe, which some historians credit to large fires in Hamburg, Germany, and Glarus, Switzerland, where significant losses led to the founding of many of today’s leading reinsurance companies.\n \n \n \n \nThese companies were also some of the first to issue warnings about climate change. Back in 1973, Munich Re, one of the world’s major reinsurance firms, noticed a spike in the number of flood damage claims. In a prescient report, the company noted “the rising temperature of the Earth’s atmosphere,” due to the “rise of the CO2 content of the air, causing a change in the absorption of solar energy.”\nNow, the world is reaping the consequences of that change. In the last decade, the frequency of global natural catastrophes jumped by 28 percent. On a single day in July, 60 percent of the U.S. population faced an extreme weather alert. Costs have catapulted too: Since 1970, losses from disasters increased an average 5 percent a year, particularly in the United States. That’s because damage also depends on vulnerability and exposure — where people live, and how prepared they are. Tragically, the fastest-growing counties also face some of the highest risks. “It doesn’t have to be one of these huge events,” said Alice Hill, senior fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations who studies climate consequences. “It’s [also] successive events, back-to-back,” like the 12 atmospheric rivers that hit California this winter.\n \n \n \n \nA firefighter walks by a house as it burns during the Kincade Fire in Healdsburg, California in October 2019. Josh Edelson / AFP via Getty Images\n \n \n \n \nReinsurers are particularly exposed to these hazards because many insurance companies seek primarily to cover catastrophic risks — major events like hurricanes that are intensifying as the world warms. In a letter to shareholders this summer, Christian Mumenthaler, the group CEO of global reinsurance company Swiss Re, wrote, “Climate change continues to take its toll … across multiple geographies.” \n \n \n \n \nAs a result, the reinsurance industry has paid dearly for much of the last decade; underwriting losses drove $115 billion in global reinsurance losses in 2022. “There’s a tension over a business model that’s retrospective, with a risk that’s emerging,” said Frank Nutter, president of the Reinsurance Association of America. The financial foundation of insurance, in other words, is cracking. \n \n \n \n \n“Without global reinsurance, we wouldn’t have the capacity to provide sufficient disaster coverage for everyone,” Kousky said. “It’s essential.” But unlike insurers, who face political pressures from state regulators to keep rates affordable, reinsurance is much more of a free market. A recent report from Moody’s finds that reinsurers are reacting by raising their rates, limiting their coverage, and even deciding to reduce their exposure in places like Florida. Increasingly, the reinsurance industry is reassessing what are known as “secondary perils,” or things like flooding and wildfires — hazards that were previously less costly than major events like hurricanes, but which are becoming more common. \n \n \n \n \nBecause getting risk wrong is now so costly, there’s been a race in the private sector to model future odds. Jenny Dissen works at the North Carolina Institute for Climate Studies, a research institute that’s part of NOAA’s Cooperative Institute for Satellite Earth System Studies. She says she frequently fields calls from insurers eager to know the latest climate indicators. Yet critics worry this rush to fine-tune risk predictions may potentially accelerate skyrocketing premiums. Since many are proprietary, the accuracy of these assessments can be difficult to vet. They are also having unintended consequences, like lowering municipal bond ratings, hindering governments’ ability to respond to extreme weather by raising funds. \n \n \n \n \nInsurance adjustor Pablo Jimenez, of Liberty Mutual Insurance, tallies property damage in Nederland, Colorado following a July 2016 wildfire. Helen H. Richardson/The Denver Post via Getty Images\n \n \n \n \nSome believe that an individual focus is likely not the best — or most equitable — way to address climate adaptation. “Many of these adaptation steps are like a kind of public good,” that can’t be taken on an individual level, like building a seawall, said Madison Condon, Boston University law professor and corporate and environmental law professor. “They work best if everyone takes them.”\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \nThe economic implications of all this are troubling. A new report by the U.S. Treasury Department, released at the end of June, found major gaps in the supervision and regulation of insurers. The report advised much closer attention to “the risks the insurance industry may pose to the overall financial sector.” \n \n \n \n \nWhile insurance prices have soared, a recent report from the nonprofit First Street Foundation estimates that 39 million homes are covered at prices artificially lower than their true risk. The authors suggest that state regulations capping premiums and government-backed insurer-of-last-resort programs have concealed the extent of the crisis. They predict that as disasters continue surging, what they call the “growing climate bubble in the housing market” will pop — leaving millions of homes uninsurable and destroying their value. The average homeowner who loses an insurance policy automatically sees a drop of more than 10 percent in the home’s value, the report notes. “If the value of their home plummets or if the credit agencies downgrade their communities,” Hill said, “one of my big fears is we’re going to have a lot of people trapped in places that are unsafe, economically trapped.” \n \n \n \n \nA sign in Fort Myers, Florida warns passerbys to leave damaged home furnishings alone following Hurricane Ian in October 2022. Joe Raedle/Getty Images\n \n \n \n \nSuch concerns prompted the Treasury Department last year to require 213 large insurers — companies like Allstate and Farmers Insurance — to provide data about their homeowner policies. Its initial goal was to collect information about coverage, claims, and premiums by zip code to identify where climate change may disrupt markets. The plan faced fierce opposition from the industry, which says it’s a regulatory burden and that disclosing this data may harm companies’ competitive advantage. Results are not anticipated in 2023, and will not include other common types of insurance impacted by climate, like flood insurance — which is often covered in a separate policy from homeowner’s insurance. \n \n \n \n \nThis spring, one of the largest insurance brokerage companies warned Congress they weren’t moving fast enough. “Just as the U.S. economy was overexposed to mortgage risk in 2008, the economy today is over-exposed to climate risk,” Aon PLC president Eric Anderson told Senate budget committee members. Yet there appears to be little federal urgency in addressing the problem. \n \n \n \n \nExperts warn that increasing prices may tip homeowners toward default as more insurers flee. At least five major companies have stopped writing coverage in some regions. State Farm announced this spring that it would stop selling homeowners’ policies in California. The company cited “rapidly growing catastrophe exposure, and a challenging reinsurance market.” Allstate also quietly stopped writing new policies in the Golden State in June. In Louisiana, where at least 20 companies have left in the last two years, the situation has gotten so bad the state passed a $45 million funding bill in 2023 in an effort to woo insurers back. \n \n \n \n \nThough government has been slow to address these trends, global financial markets are already basing investment decisions on climate risks. Major ratings companies like Moody’s and McKinsey have recently purchased climate data firms. First Street Foundation, for example, provides climate risk information to many banks, major reinsurers, and government agencies — including Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, which are already using it to screen for mortgages’ climate exposures. Mortgage-purchasers like these, after all, are the ones who may soon be left holding the ashes of assets.\n \n \n \n \nTobe Magidson of Grizzly Flats, California sits at a remembrance event to mark the six-month anniversary of the Caldor Fire that destroyed his town. His insurance policy was canceled a year before the fire. Francine Orr / Los Angeles Times via Getty Images\n \n \n \n \nMeanwhile homeowners, many of whose mortgages require insurance, are left with limited options. After six property insurance companies in Florida declared bankruptcy in 2022, for instance, many property owners had to turn to state-run insurers, like Florida’s Citizens Property Insurance Corp., a government-backed entity serving otherwise uninsurable populations. Although its policies tend to be less comprehensive than private insurance, in the last year, its ranks swelled about 50 percent, to around 1.7 million people. Yet this year, as Florida’s reinsurance rates skyrocketed 30 to 50 percent, even these last-resort policy rates spiked 12 percent, leaving many families to weigh whether they can afford to keep their insurance. \n \n \n \n \nIf the state is hit by a major hurricane, the program has grown so large the resulting claims could outstrip Citizens’ budget. The program can’t go out of business like a private company, but if it runs out of money, Florida law allows Citizens to issue one-time bills charging customers up to 45 percent of their annual premium. Someone who just lost their home in a hurricane, in other words, could be facing a surprise bill of thousands of dollars.\n \n \n \n \nNot only is that bad for the families whose losses aren’t protected, it deepens existing inequities. Right now, the insurance market is unintentionally protecting wealthy property owners while socializing their risk through highly subsidized premiums. The federal government holds the liability for the majority of flood insurance, for example, managed by the Federal Emergency Management Agency. Repeatedly flooded properties make up just 1 percent of the program’s policies but account for more than 30 percent of the claims. “When the government’s the backup insurer, the taxpayers have to support that,” Hill said.\n \n \n \n \nTwo out of every three American homes are now underinsured, meaning owners may face major financial losses if they were to endure a disaster. The effects won’t be felt equally. There can be an inherent tension between climate-related financial risks and anti-redlining efforts: People of color who have long suffered discrimination are now disproportionately living in areas at greater danger of disaster. That makes it difficult to both price climate risks and not divest from underserved communities.\n \n \n \n \nDespite being one of the first to understand these perils, insurers continue to contribute to them. They’ve played a major role in emissions for decades: Without insurance, fossil fuel companies have difficulty obtaining financing. Coal is an apt example of what happens when insurers withdraw from a market — since 45 insurers are phasing out of coal policies, construction of new coal-fired power declined by 84 percent between 2015 and 2018. \n \n \n \n \nBut insurers have been slower to move away from oil and gas, in part because it’s a larger part of many companies’ business. In June, the Senate Budget Committee sent letters to major insurance companies asking for information about how much each company earns from the fossil fuel industry. “[I]t is difficult to understand how the industry can carefully price and manage climate risk in some areas of its business,” committee members wrote, “while simultaneously having no apparent plan to phase out its underwriting of and investment in the projects and companies generating the emissions that are causing these very harms.”\n \n \n \n \nWorkers clear debris and attempt to save client records at an insurance office in south Nashville, Tennessee in 2010 after 13 inches of rain fell over two days and inundated whole neighborhoods. Rusty Russell/Getty Images\n \n \n \n \nPrompted in part by concerns over this kind of liability, the reinsurance industry has begun warning about the need to reduce climate risk. “The economic and insured losses over time are a clear indicator that the past is not a representation of the future,” said Raghuveer Vinukollu, head of climate insights at Munich Re US. Physical mitigation, like building flood walls and buffer zones will be needed, he says, but funding and building these engineering measures can be difficult.\n \n \n \n \nWith insurers themselves running out of insurance options, the stability of financial systems is far shakier than many realize. Yet the federal government hasn’t developed a national adaptation plan that comprehensively addresses these concerns. In its absence, decisions are left to municipal and state governments, some of which are facing serious blowback. When Hawai‘i recently attempted to increase setbacks for future oceanfront construction, for example, citing immediate sea-level rise, homeowners managed to stall the plan. Experts like Condon call for a centralized national climate service that can help guide these adaptations and regulatory policies, based on transparent and specific risk assessments.\n \n \n \n \n“If you want to know the truth, the science is the easy part,” Karen Clark said. Getting people to change their behavior, on the other hand, is difficult. She is still working on catastrophic modeling, now at her eponymous firm, where she urges decisionmakers to get more realistic, and quickly. “People don’t understand a basic economic law — there’s no free lunch. There’s a risk,” she said. “Somebody’s paying for it. It’s just a question of who.” \n \nThis story was originally published by Grist with the headline As climate risks mount, the insurance safety net is collapsing on Oct 10, 2023.","link":"https://grist.org/economics/as-climate-risks-mount-the-insurance-safety-net-is-collapsing/","enclosure":null},{"title":"Europe: feu vert pour le commissaire climat, malgré son passé chez Shell","creator":"Ludovic Lamant","pubDate":"Tue, 10 Oct 2023 12:13:54 +0000","contentSnippet":"Le Néerlandais Wopke Hoekstra a été validé jeudi au Parlement européen pour devenir le nouveau commissaire au climat, malgré son passé chez Shell et McKinsey. La gauche française a voté contre. Le groupe des Verts européens s’est fortement divisé.","link":"https://www.mediapart.fr/journal/international/051023/europe-feu-vert-pour-le-commissaire-climat-malgre-son-passe-chez-shell","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://static.mediapart.fr/etmagine/default/files/2023/10/05/231005-ue-feu-vert-pour-le-commissaire-climat-malgre-son-passe-chez-shell.jpg"}},{"title":"Après Elon Musk, Amazon va polluer massivement l'espace","creator":"Vincent Lucchese","pubDate":"Tue, 10 Oct 2023 12:10:05 +0000","contentSnippet":"Amazon veut déployer une constellation de 3 200 satellites de télécommunication pour vendre des connexions à internet. Un projet qui s'ajoute à de nombreux autres, préparant une pollution massive de l'espace terrrestre. \n Deux nouveaux satellites ont décollé de la base étasunienne de Cap Canaveral, en Floride, dans l'après-midi du 6 octobre (à 20 h, heure de Paris). Destinés à orbiter à quelque 500 km au-dessus de nos têtes, ces deux engins, nommés KuiperSat-1 et KuiperSat-2, ne sont pas des satellites (...)\n \n \n            Lire la suite \n             \n            - \n                Info \n             \n             \n            /  \n                Monde \n            ,  \n                Pollutions \n            ,  \n                Numérique","link":"https://reporterre.net/Apres-Elon-Musk-Amazon-va-polluer-massivement-l-espace","enclosure":null},{"title":"Can Paris clean up the Seine in time for next year’s Olympics?","creator":"Charlotte Lytton Paris","pubDate":"Tue, 10 Oct 2023 12:08:32 +0000","contentSnippet":"Big promises accompanied the French bid for next year’s Games. Now politicians and hydrologists are pulling out all the stops to make the capital’s river fit for purpose. And cities around the world are watching…\nRiders of Paris’s No 7 Métro line have long enjoyed a scenic view as the track passes near Austerlitz station, set between the beautifully manicured Jardin des Plantes to one side, and the River Seine on the other. Recently, however, that view has been punctured by a circular behemoth: the Austerlitz storage basin – the size of 20 Olympic pools – built to save next summer’s Games.\nWith a series of Paris 2024 competitions – and the opening ceremony – slated to take place in a river that has not allowed public swimming for a century, and heavy rains this summer scuppering multiple trial events due to excess bacteria in the water, the Seine remaining unsafe come the start of the Olympics in July is an ever-growing threat.\n Continue reading...","link":"https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/oct/08/can-paris-clean-seine-for-next-year-2024-olympics","enclosure":null},{"title":"US agency refuses to examine toxicity of ‘inactive’ pesticide chemicals to crops","creator":"Tom Perkins","pubDate":"Tue, 10 Oct 2023 12:04:44 +0000","contentSnippet":"EPA says too many pesticide formulas exist to check all for the safety of ingredients that could harm humans, plants and wildlife\nIngredients labeled as “inactive” in pesticide formulas are potentially poisoning the environment, crops and animals, but the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has rebuffed calls to examine their toxicity and risks.\nAgency rules do not require the EPA to account for inactive ingredients when it evaluates pesticide formula safety, despite the fact that industry labels dangerous substances like per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) as inert.\n Continue reading...","link":"https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/oct/09/epa-cfs-toxic-inactive-ingredients-pesticides","enclosure":null},{"title":"‘Uncharted territory’: more than 2m fungi species yet to be discovered, scientists say","creator":"Patrick Greenfield","pubDate":"Tue, 10 Oct 2023 12:03:27 +0000","contentSnippet":"Report on state of flora and fungi says newly discovered plants should be listed as threatened by default\nMore than 2m fungi species are waiting to be identified around the world in what scientists have called “a new frontier of discovery” for life on Earth, according to a new report.\nBut researchers also warn that the vast majority of new plant discoveries are endangered species, which should be listed as threatened with extinction by default, warning that three-quarters of undescribed species are likely to be at risk of disappearing.\n Continue reading...","link":"https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/oct/10/uncharted-territory-kew-scientists-say-more-than-2m-fungi-species-waiting-to-be-identified-aoe","enclosure":null},{"title":"'Trying to find solutions’: Worsening drugs shortage is leaving pharmacists and patients in the dark","creator":"","pubDate":"Tue, 10 Oct 2023 12:01:50 +0000","contentSnippet":"Shortages of common older medicines are increasing. Experts say it’s in part because pharmaceutical companies are de-incentivised from producing them.","link":"https://www.euronews.com/next/2023/10/10/trying-to-find-solutions-worsening-drugs-shortage-is-leaving-pharmacists-and-patients-in-t","enclosure":null},{"title":"Influenceur diplômé : bientôt une réalité !","creator":"","pubDate":"Tue, 10 Oct 2023 09:32:18 +0000","contentSnippet":"Tenté de devenir influenceur et d’en faire une carrière ? C’est le rêve de nombreux membres de la génération Z et une université irlandaise va offrir dès 2024 un programme de premier cycle pour l’exaucer.","link":"https://www.courrierinternational.com/article/cursus-influenceur-diplome-bientot-une-realite","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://focus.courrierinternational.com/2023/10/03/0/0/6720/4480/644/0/60/0/924a553_1696317027013-pexels-ivan-samkov-7676394.jpg"}},{"title":"Comment des banques françaises financent le plus gros producteur mondial de pétrole","creator":"","pubDate":"Fri, 06 Oct 2023 13:19:27 +0000","contentSnippet":"Enquête vidéo. Des données obtenues par « Le Monde » révèlent que quatre banques françaises ont permis à Saudi Aramco de se financer à hauteur de 16 milliards de dollars depuis 2019. Des financements qui entrent en contradiction avec leurs propres engagements.","link":"https://www.lemonde.fr/planete/video/2023/10/06/enquete-comment-des-banques-francaises-financent-le-plus-gros-producteur-mondial-de-petrole_6192805_3244.html","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://img.lemde.fr/2023/10/05/327/0/2316/1158/644/322/60/0/c26b923_1696520856260-satellite-7terter.jpg"}},{"title":"Avec la sécheresse, une chute mondiale de la production hydroélectrique","creator":"","pubDate":"Fri, 06 Oct 2023 13:17:36 +0000","contentSnippet":"La production hydroélectrique mondiale a chuté à cause de la sécheresse, provoquant une hausse des émissions de gaz à effet de serre du secteur de l'énergie au premier semestre 2023, selon un rapport du groupe de réflexion sur le climat Ember paru le 5 octobre. Ceci, malgré la croissance de l'éolien et du solaire. \n \nD'après ce rapport, la production hydroélectrique a chuté de quelque 177 térawattheures (TWh) en raison des sécheresses, la Chine étant responsable de près de 75 % de cette baisse. En conséquence, (...)\n \n \n            Lire la suite \n             \n            - \n                En bref \n             \n             \n            /  \n                Énergie \n            ,  \n                Eau et rivières","link":"https://reporterre.net/Avec-la-secheresse-une-chute-mondiale-de-la-production-hydroelectrique","enclosure":null},{"title":"UK universities accepted millions from fossil fuel giants after promises to divest from the industry","creator":"","pubDate":"Fri, 06 Oct 2023 11:00:51 +0000","contentSnippet":"Several universities accepted funding from giants like Shell and ExxonMobil in the past year, despite green pledges, DeSmog found.","link":"https://www.euronews.com/green/2023/10/06/uk-universities-accepted-millions-from-fossil-fuel-giants-after-promises-to-divest-from-th","enclosure":null},{"title":"Romania wants to become the EU's biggest gas producer. It's a problem for many","creator":"","pubDate":"Fri, 06 Oct 2023 11:00:22 +0000","contentSnippet":"Romania has embarked on a €4 billion project it hopes will make it the largest natural gas producer in the European Union but these investments risk hampering its and the bloc's goal of carbon neutrality.","link":"https://www.euronews.com/my-europe/2023/10/06/romania-wants-to-become-the-eus-biggest-gas-producer-its-a-problem-for-many","enclosure":null},{"title":"Les catastrophes climatiques ont entraîné plus de 43 millions de déplacements d’enfants en six ans","creator":"","pubDate":"Fri, 06 Oct 2023 09:55:30 +0000","contentSnippet":"Chaque jour, 20 000 enfants sont obligés d’abandonner leur foyer à cause d’inondations, de tempêtes, de sécheresses ou d’incendies, alerte l’Unicef.","link":"https://www.lemonde.fr/planete/article/2023/10/06/les-catastrophes-climatiques-ont-entraine-plus-de-43-millions-de-deplacements-d-enfants-en-six-ans_6192702_3244.html","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://img.lemde.fr/2023/10/05/452/0/8640/4320/644/322/60/0/49851ff_1696518877389-ap23079359383500.jpg"}},{"title":"Les températures anormalement élevées en octobre provoquent la floraison des arbres","creator":"","pubDate":"Fri, 06 Oct 2023 08:08:35 +0000","contentSnippet":"Les températures chaudes de plus en plus courantes pour le mois d'octobre inquiètent également les producteurs de vin.","link":"https://fr.euronews.com/green/2023/10/03/les-temperatures-anormalement-elevees-en-octobre-provoquent-la-floraison-des-arbres","enclosure":null},{"title":"Australian towns battle fire and flood back to back","creator":"","pubDate":"Fri, 06 Oct 2023 08:06:49 +0000","contentSnippet":"The nation has reeled from disaster to disaster in recent years, as it feels the effects of climate change.","link":"https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-australia-66946013?at_medium=RSS&at_campaign=KARANGA","enclosure":null},{"title":"Des médicaments contre l'obésité augmentent le risque de problèmes gastro-intestinaux","creator":"Sciences et Avenir avec AFP","pubDate":"Fri, 06 Oct 2023 07:52:18 +0000","contentSnippet":"Les experts soulignent que ces résultats montrent la nécessité de prescrire ces médicaments à des patients qui en tirent un réel bénéfice, informés des risques, et suivis par des professionnels de santé.","link":"https://www.sciencesetavenir.fr/sante/de-populaires-medicaments-contre-l-obesite-augmentent-le-risque-de-problemes-gastro-intestinaux_174332?xtor=RSS-16","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://www.sciencesetavenir.fr/assets/img/2023/10/05/cover-r4x3w1200-651f257a9fe9d-f3879411ea507ff39d75a2aeb81d085747e5e571-jpg.jpg"}},{"title":"Tampons, serviettes... Des produits toxiques malgré des labels « verts »","creator":"","pubDate":"Fri, 06 Oct 2023 07:50:57 +0000","contentSnippet":"Glyphosate, dioxines, phtalates... Un test réalisé par 60 millions de consommateurs a retrouvé des substances toxiques dans des protections féminines. Vingt-quatre modèles de tampons, serviettes et protège-slips jetables ont été testés par le journal. Neuf contaminants soupçonnés d'être cancérigènes, toxiques pour la reproduction ou perturbateurs endocriniens ont été recherchés et trouvés dans plusieurs produits. \n \nLes substances problématiques peuvent avoir plusieurs sources, explique 60 millions de (...)\n \n \n            Lire la suite \n             \n            - \n                En bref \n             \n             \n            /  \n                Santé","link":"https://reporterre.net/Tampons-serviettes-Des-produits-toxiques-malgre-des-labels-verts","enclosure":null},{"title":"Tree-planting schemes threaten tropical biodiversity, say ecologists","creator":"Patrick Greenfield","pubDate":"Fri, 06 Oct 2023 07:50:44 +0000","contentSnippet":"Paper reveals scientists’ concerns that single-species carbon plantations threaten native flora and fauna, while delivering negligible benefits\nMonoculture tree-planting schemes are threatening tropical biodiversity while only offering modest climate benefit, ecologists have said, warning that ecosystems like the Amazon and Congo basin are being reduced to their carbon value.\nAmid a boom in the planting of single-species plantations to capture carbon, scientists have urged governments to prioritise the conservation and restoration of native forests over commercial monocultures, and cautioned that planting swathes of non-native trees in tropical regions threatens important flora and fauna for a negligible climate impact.\n Continue reading...","link":"https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/oct/03/carbon-tree-planting-schemes-threaten-tropical-biodiversity-aoe","enclosure":null},{"title":"South American monsoon heading towards ‘tipping point’ likely to cause Amazon dieback","creator":"Jonathan Watts","pubDate":"Fri, 06 Oct 2023 07:44:00 +0000","contentSnippet":"‘Shocking’ study finds Amazon rainforest will be unable to sustain itself and transport moisture once ‘regime shift’ occurs\nThe South American monsoon, which determines the climate of much of the continent, is being pushed towards a “critical destabilisation point”, according to a study that links regional rainfall to Amazon deforestation and global heating.\nThe authors of the report said they found their results “shocking” and urged policymakers to act with urgency to forestall a tipping point, which could result in up to 30% less rainfall, a dieback of the forest and a dire impact on food production.\n Continue reading...","link":"https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/oct/04/south-american-monsoon-heading-towards-tipping-point-likely-to-cause-amazon-dieback","enclosure":null},{"title":"‘Gobsmackingly bananas’: scientists stunned by planet’s record September heat","creator":"Damian Carrington Environment editor","pubDate":"Fri, 06 Oct 2023 07:43:50 +0000","contentSnippet":"The carbon emissions driving the climate crisis and rapid arrival of an El Niño event are to blame, researchers say\nGlobal temperatures soared to a new record in September by a huge margin, stunning scientists and leading one to describe it as “absolutely gobsmackingly bananas”.\nThe hottest September on record follows the hottest August and hottest July, with the latter being the hottest month ever recorded. The high temperatures have driven heatwaves and wildfires across the world.\n Continue reading...","link":"https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/oct/05/gobsmackingly-bananas-scientists-stunned-by-planets-record-september-heat","enclosure":null},{"title":"Salamandres, grenouilles... 40 % des espèces d'amphibiens sont menacés","creator":"","pubDate":"Fri, 06 Oct 2023 07:42:13 +0000","contentSnippet":"L'horizon des amphibiens continue de s'assombrir. Une étude, publiée le 5 octobre dans la revue Nature, alerte sur la dégradation de leur état. 40 % des 8 011 espèces étudiées sont considérées comme menacées. \n \nLeur extinction de masse, mise une première fois en lumière en 2004 dans une évaluation scientifique d'ampleur, n'a pas diminué au cours des vingt dernières années, alertent les scientifiques. Elle s'est même aggravée. On recensait, en 2022, 37 espèces disparues — dont la jolie grenouille arlequin de (...)\n \n \n            Lire la suite \n             \n            - \n                En bref \n             \n             \n            /  \n                Animaux","link":"https://reporterre.net/Salamandres-grenouilles-40-des-amphibiens-sont-menaces","enclosure":null},{"title":"Climat, tourisme, pollution: le chasseur inuit cerné de partout","creator":"Julien","pubDate":"Fri, 06 Oct 2023 07:40:47 +0000","contentSnippet":"Pour chasser le narval, la \"licorne des mers\" de l'Arctique, le silence doit être absolu. A tel point que dans le détroit Scoresby, les Inuits interdisent à leurs enfants de jeter des cailloux dans l'eau glaciale.","link":"https://www.goodplanet.info/2023/10/06/climat-tourisme-pollution-le-chasseur-inuit-cerne-de-partout/?pk_campaign=feed&pk_kwd=climat-tourisme-pollution-le-chasseur-inuit-cerne-de-partout","enclosure":null},{"title":"Un logiciel de prédiction des crimes utilisé par un service de police aux États-Unis se trompe à 99%","creator":"Clément Poursain","pubDate":"Thu, 05 Oct 2023 11:40:40 +0000","contentSnippet":"(C'est beaucoup.) Lire la suite","link":"https://korii.slate.fr/tech/logiciel-prediction-crimes-service-police-plainfield-echec-geolitica-predpol-etats-unis-outil-prevention-criminalite","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://korii.slate.fr/sites/default/files/styles/1440x600/public/police.jpg"}},{"title":"Au Japon, la deuxième phase du rejet de l'eau de Fukushima commence","creator":"FRANCE 24","pubDate":"Thu, 05 Oct 2023 11:31:53 +0000","contentSnippet":"Le rejet dans l'océan Pacifique de l'eau utilisée pour refroidir les réacteurs de la centrale nucléaire de Fukushima après le tsunami de 2011 est entré dans sa deuxième phase jeudi. Le lancement de ce processus, fin août, a provoqué une crise diplomatique entre le Japon et la Chine, qui a suspendu ses importations de produits de la mer japonais.","link":"https://www.france24.com/fr/asie-pacifique/20231005-au-japon-la-deuxi%C3%A8me-phase-du-rejet-de-l-eau-de-fukushima-commence","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://s.france24.com/media/display/27b72744-632b-11ee-8440-005056bf30b7/w:1024/p:16x9/2023-09-09T184455Z_1844076850_RC2553A8M6RG_RTRMADP_3_G20-SUMMIT-JAPAN-FUKUSHIMA.JPG"}},{"title":"En Argentine, la course au lithium menace l’environnement","creator":"","pubDate":"Thu, 05 Oct 2023 11:27:00 +0000","contentSnippet":"Le pays peine à définir une stratégie claire pour ce minerai nécessaire à la fabrication des batteries, notamment des véhicules électriques. Face à l’explosion de la demande, les populations autochtones s’inquiètent des risques de pollution et de l’impact social.","link":"https://www.lemonde.fr/economie/article/2023/10/04/en-argentine-la-course-au-lithium-menace-l-environnement_6192429_3234.html","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://img.lemde.fr/2023/10/03/569/0/6480/3240/644/322/60/0/4f6a9d8_1696337008924-gettyimages-1483072776.jpg"}},{"title":"Planter des arbres ne sauvera pas la planète, ces chercheurs expliquent pourquoi","creator":"","pubDate":"Thu, 05 Oct 2023 11:23:35 +0000","contentSnippet":"Les programmes de plantation d’arbres en monoculture menacent la biodiversité tropicale tout en n’offrant que des avantages modestes pour le climat, dénoncent ces scientifiques.","link":"https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/environnement/article/planter-des-arbres-ne-sauvera-pas-la-planete-ces-chercheurs-expliquent-pourquoi_224014.html","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://huffpost-focus.sirius.press/2023/10/04/105/0/2130/1198/0/0/60/0/f4f8b8e_1696447529700-gettyimages-682528228.jpg"}},{"title":"\"Je n'ai rien à voir avec ça\" : Tom Hanks met en garde contre une publicité qui utilise son image grâce à l'IA","creator":"","pubDate":"Tue, 03 Oct 2023 12:45:41 +0000","contentSnippet":"L'intelligence artificielle permet depuis des années de réaliser des \"deepfakes\", c'est-à-dire de manipuler des images et du son, pour faire dire ou faire des choses qui n'ont pas eu lieu en réalité.","link":"https://www.francetvinfo.fr/culture/cinema/je-n-ai-rien-a-voir-avec-ca-tom-hanks-met-en-garde-contre-une-publicite-qui-utilise-son-image-grace-a-l-ia_6098688.html#xtor=RSS-3-%5Blestitres%5D","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://www.francetvinfo.fr/image/765zswe9h-38ed/500/281/33354213.jpg"}},{"title":"Stocamine : l'arrêté autorisant le stockage illimité des déchets est signé","creator":"Laurent Radisson / Actu-Environnement","pubDate":"Tue, 03 Oct 2023 11:27:31 +0000","contentSnippet":"Le ministre de la Transition écologique l'avait annoncé le 20 septembre dernier. Le préfet du Haut-Rhin a signé le 28 septembre l'arrêté qui autorise la prolongation pour une durée illimitée de l'autorisation de stockage souterrain en couches géol...","link":"https://www.actu-environnement.com/ae/news/stocamine-arrete-prefet-haut-rhin-autorisation-illimitee-stockge-dechets-42647.php4#xtor=RSS-6","enclosure":null},{"title":"« Face à l’emballement destructeur qui se propage, l’ingénierie climatique ne suffit pas »","creator":"","pubDate":"Tue, 03 Oct 2023 08:54:40 +0000","contentSnippet":"Chris Younès, philosophe, estime, dans une tribune au « Monde », que les bouleversements climatiques en cours mettent l’homme face à un risque existentiel. Plutôt que de séparer et dominer, il plaide pour entretenir et réparer.","link":"https://www.lemonde.fr/smart-cities/article/2023/10/02/face-a-l-emballement-destructeur-qui-se-propage-l-ingenierie-climatique-ne-suffit-pas_6192036_4811534.html","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://img.lemde.fr/2023/09/29/168/0/5416/2708/644/322/60/0/dc4c7d9_1695968967017-000-8re29z.jpg"}},{"title":"Plus de 100 dauphins trouvés morts dans l’Amazonie brésilienne, en proie à la sécheresse","creator":"","pubDate":"Tue, 03 Oct 2023 08:52:41 +0000","contentSnippet":"Les causes du décès des cétacés, des dauphins roses et des dauphins tucuxis, n’ont pas encore été déterminées, mais la principale hypothèse est qu’ils ont été victimes du réchauffement de l’eau. Cette année, la saison sèche est particulièrement intense en Amazonie et l’état d’urgence a été décrété dans plusieurs communes.","link":"https://www.courrierinternational.com/article/climat-plus-de-100-dauphins-trouves-morts-dans-l-amazonie-bresilienne-en-proie-a-la-secheresse","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://focus.courrierinternational.com/2023/10/02/0/0/4878/3252/644/0/60/0/fc8db3c_2023-10-02t133555z-704268435-rc2uj3axk8ha-rtrmadp-3-brazil-amazon-drought-dolphins.JPG"}},{"title":"Le Bangladesh frappé par sa pire épidémie de dengue, avec plus de 1.000 morts cette année","creator":"AFP","pubDate":"Tue, 03 Oct 2023 08:51:46 +0000","contentSnippet":"Plus de 1.000 personnes sont mortes de la dengue au Bangladesh depuis le début de l'année, selon les chiffres officiels, représentant la pire épidémie de cette maladie, transmise par les moustiques, jamais enregistrée dans le pays.  \nLes chiffres de la direction générale des services de Santé publiés dimanche soir indiquent que 1.006 personnes sont décédées sur plus de 200.000 cas confirmés. \nSelon l'ancien directeur de des services de Santé, Be-Nazir Ahmed, le nombre de décès enregistrés depuis le début de l'année est supérieur à celui de toutes les années précédentes combinées depuis 2000, année où le Bangladesh a enregistré sa première épidémie de dengue.","link":"https://www.sciencesetavenir.fr/sante/le-bangladesh-frappe-par-sa-pire-epidemie-de-dengue-avec-plus-de-1-000-morts-cette-annee_174244?xtor=RSS-16","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://www.sciencesetavenir.fr/assets/img/2023/10/02/cover-r4x3w1200-651ace8a87715-ad11d4cef39d76286654494c9f793c415431a8f7-jpg.jpg"}},{"title":"Astronomers sound alarm over light pollution from huge new satellite","creator":"Nicola Davis Science correspondent","pubDate":"Tue, 03 Oct 2023 08:51:02 +0000","contentSnippet":"At its peak BlueWalker 3, which resembles a Tetris block, is as bright as two of brightest stars in night sky\nThe night sky is peppered with light from stars, planets and other celestial bodies. But now researchers have revealed one of the brightest objects visible from Earth is a communications satellite resembling a Tetris block.\nScientists say while the apparent brightness of BlueWalker 3 is not constant, its peak is on a par with Procyon and Achernar, two of the brightest stars in the night sky.\n Continue reading...","link":"https://www.theguardian.com/science/2023/oct/02/astronomers-light-pollution-tetris-block-satellite-bluewalker-3-stars-bright","enclosure":null},{"title":"Les conséquences de la chaleur tardive sur la végétation","creator":"Karine Durand, Spécialiste météo extrême et environnement","pubDate":"Tue, 03 Oct 2023 08:50:14 +0000","contentSnippet":"Après un mois de septembre record, place à un mois d'octobre qui débute aussi de manière record. Les conditions estivales qui se prolongent peuvent paraître bien agréables, mais elles bouleversent le cycle naturel des végétaux de plusieurs manières.","link":"https://www.futura-sciences.com/planete/actualites/biodiversite-consequences-chaleur-tardive-vegetation-108102/#xtor%3DRSS-8","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpg","url":"https://cdn.futura-sciences.com/buildsv6/images/wide1920/9/3/1/931a3fb599_50207019_tree-3110117-1920.jpg"}},{"title":"Toxic tyre dust: This source of microplastic pollution could be the worst of all","creator":"","pubDate":"Tue, 03 Oct 2023 08:48:15 +0000","contentSnippet":"Some 2 billion tyres are made a year. What is the environmental cost of the 'chemical cocktail' that goes into them?","link":"https://www.euronews.com/green/2023/10/02/toxic-tyre-dust-this-source-of-microplastic-pollution-could-be-the-worst-of-all","enclosure":null},{"title":"How are Swedish gangs using music platform Spotify to launder money?","creator":"","pubDate":"Tue, 03 Oct 2023 08:47:25 +0000","contentSnippet":"Criminals in Sweden are using cryptocurrency to pay for Spotify streams and clean their dirty money.","link":"https://www.euronews.com/2023/10/03/how-are-swedish-gangs-using-music-platform-spotify-to-launder-money","enclosure":null},{"title":"Être aveugle ou déficient visuel en dehors des grandes villes, c'est être deux fois handicapé","creator":"Agnès Polloni","pubDate":"Mon, 02 Oct 2023 10:20:03 +0000","contentSnippet":"Partout en France, les familles doivent composer avec le  manque de structures ou de praticiens spécialisés. Pourtant, ce handicap requiert du sur-mesure dès le plus jeune âge. Lire la suite","link":"https://www.slate.fr/story/252726/aveugle-deficient-visuel-grandes-villes-rural-handicap-ecole-manque-specialistes","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://www.slate.fr/sites/default/files/styles/1440x600/public/photos_sacha_article_slate_2.jpg"}},{"title":"Les «mommy issues» existent autant que les «daddy issues», des hommes en témoignent","creator":"Slate.fr","pubDate":"Mon, 02 Oct 2023 10:13:12 +0000","contentSnippet":"Le phénomène serait tout aussi important chez les hommes, même s'il est beaucoup plus médiatisé pour les femmes. Lire la suite","link":"https://www.slate.fr/story/253910/mommy-daddy-issues-hommes-racontent-relations-amoureuses","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://www.slate.fr/sites/default/files/styles/1440x600/public/bethany-beck-82nhikivknc-unsplash_1.jpg"}},{"title":"Les confinements liés au Covid ont altéré les microbiomes des bébés","creator":"Slate.fr","pubDate":"Mon, 02 Oct 2023 10:06:22 +0000","contentSnippet":"Naître dans une situation unique d'enfermement peut avoir un effet sur le développement. Lire la suite","link":"https://www.slate.fr/story/254076/confinements-covid-altere-microbiomes-bebes-developpement","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://www.slate.fr/sites/default/files/styles/1440x600/public/pexels-dominika-roseclay-1271563.jpg"}},{"title":"Les bougies parfumées sont-elles dangereuses pour la santé?","creator":"Slate.fr","pubDate":"Mon, 02 Oct 2023 10:04:28 +0000","contentSnippet":"Un cadeau facile, et potentiellement empoisonné. Lire la suite","link":"https://www.slate.fr/story/254156/bougies-parfumees-danger-sante-pollution-interieur-particules","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://www.slate.fr/sites/default/files/styles/1440x600/public/hans-vivek-66qsl7ia2ce-unsplash.jpg"}},{"title":"L’eau potable de la Nouvelle-Orléans menacée par une remontée d’eau salée","creator":"","pubDate":"Mon, 02 Oct 2023 09:59:39 +0000","contentSnippet":"La sécheresse a réduit le débit du Mississippi, ce qui permet à de l’eau venant du golfe du Mexique de remonter vers l’intérieur des terres. Résultat, les habitants qui dépendent du fleuve pour l’eau potable risquent de ne plus pouvoir la boire.","link":"https://www.courrierinternational.com/article/etats-unis-l-eau-potable-de-la-nouvelle-orleans-menacee-par-une-remontee-d-eau-salee","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://focus.courrierinternational.com/2023/09/29/0/0/3000/1996/644/0/60/0/4334a9f_new-orleans-water-1.JPG"}},{"title":"Pour le transport aérien ou routier en France, la baisse d’émissions de CO2 est mal engagée","creator":"","pubDate":"Mon, 02 Oct 2023 09:45:59 +0000","contentSnippet":"Le plan du gouvernement vise à réduire les émissions françaises de gaz à effet de serre (GES) de 33,8 % en 2030 par rapport à 2022. Mais sans contraintes, certains secteurs continueront d’aller dans le mauvais sens.","link":"https://www.lemonde.fr/les-decodeurs/article/2023/09/30/planification-ecologique-dans-les-transports-la-baisse-d-emissions-est-mal-engagee_6191704_4355770.html","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://img.lemde.fr/2023/09/26/225/0/3363/1681/644/322/60/0/4ce3fea_ff22e269fa00449abf38c57544723b86-0-ed01dbb481d549e1b9a99f60569ceef5.jpg"}},{"title":"Le nord-ouest américain face à une menace de séismes en cascade","creator":"Morgane Gillard, Rédactrice","pubDate":"Mon, 02 Oct 2023 09:33:57 +0000","contentSnippet":"Et si la catastrophe sismique survenue en Turquie en février dernier se reproduisait… mais dans le nord-ouest des États-Unis ? Une nouvelle étude suggère en effet que les multiples failles qui parcourent la région de Seattle ont produit de puissants séismes en cascade il y a tout juste 1 000...","link":"https://www.futura-sciences.com/planete/actualites/terre-nord-ouest-americain-face-menace-seismes-cascade-108056/#xtor%3DRSS-8","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpg","url":"https://cdn.futura-sciences.com/buildsv6/images/wide1920/8/5/f/85f164b443_50206930_seattle-seisme-faille.jpg"}},{"title":"Les dangers cachés de l'air que nous respirons","creator":"Futura avec ETX Daily Up","pubDate":"Mon, 02 Oct 2023 09:31:26 +0000","contentSnippet":"Cinq jours ! Cinq jours seulement permettent d'établir un lien avec la pollution atmosphérique et le risque d'accident vasculaire cérébral ou un décès. C'est ce qui ressort d'une étude portant sur 110 études et sur plus de 18 millions de cas d'AVC étudiés dans les pays à revenu élevé, passant...","link":"https://www.futura-sciences.com/sante/actualites/pollution-air-dangers-caches-air-nous-respirons-108020/#xtor%3DRSS-8","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpg","url":"https://cdn.futura-sciences.com/buildsv6/images/wide1920/2/3/a/23a579582f_50206889_pollution-air-cerveau-avc.jpg"}},{"title":"Climat: TotalEnergies visé par une plainte au pénal pour des projets pétroliers en Tanzanie et Ouganda","creator":"AFP","pubDate":"Mon, 02 Oct 2023 09:27:43 +0000","contentSnippet":"TotalEnergies de nouveau dans le viseur des associations pour \"climaticide\": quatre associations de défense de l'environnement ont déposé plainte contre le groupe et son projet pétrolier EACOP en Tanzanie et en Ouganda, a-t-on appris lundi auprès de leurs avocats, confirmant une information du Monde. \nDarwin Climax Coalitions, Sea Shepherd France, Wild Legal et Stop EACOP-Stop Total en Ouganda ont déposé cette plainte le 22 septembre. \nSollicité par l'AFP, le parquet de Nanterre a indiqué que cette plainte faisait \"l'objet d'un examen attentif\".","link":"https://www.sciencesetavenir.fr/nature-environnement/climat-totalenergies-vise-par-une-plainte-au-penal-pour-des-projets-petroliers-en-tanzanie-et-ouganda_174227?xtor=RSS-15","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://www.sciencesetavenir.fr/assets/img/2023/10/02/cover-r4x3w1200-651a883a5b4d6-fbb35573d2a813cd9112de4ee67046e41b26828d-jpg.jpg"}},{"title":"35 °C en octobre : « C'est tout bonnement exceptionnel »","creator":"Justine Guitton-Boussion","pubDate":"Sat, 30 Sep 2023 09:50:41 +0000","contentSnippet":"Des records de température, avec des pics à 35 °C, sont attendus en ce début de mois d'octobre. Des chaleurs automnales amenées à se répéter, explique Tristan Amm, de Météo-France. \n L'automne est là, mais ne se fait toujours pas ressentir. La France vit actuellement une « chaleur tardive remarquable », selon les termes de Météo-France. Des records de température ont déjà été battus ces derniers jours dans le sud-ouest, comme à Montauban, où le mercure a atteint 32,7 °C le 27 septembre ; ou à Toulouse, avec 33,1 (...)\n \n \n            Lire la suite \n             \n            - \n                Entretien \n             \n             \n            /  \n                Climat","link":"https://reporterre.net/35-oC-en-octobre-C-est-tout-bonnement-exceptionnel","enclosure":null},{"title":"‘Plastic air pollution’: Microplastics in clouds could be exacerbating climate change, study says","creator":"","pubDate":"Fri, 29 Sep 2023 12:54:20 +0000","contentSnippet":"The presence of tiny plastics in clouds risks the contamination of ‘everything we eat and drink’, researchers say.","link":"https://www.euronews.com/green/2023/09/29/plastic-air-pollution-microplastics-in-clouds-could-be-exacerbating-climate-change-study-s","enclosure":null},{"title":"Scientists on panel defending ultra-processed foods linked to food firms","creator":"Andrew Gregory Health editor","pubDate":"Fri, 29 Sep 2023 11:52:49 +0000","contentSnippet":"Exclusive: three out of five at briefing playing down concerns over UPFs have ties to makers of such foods \nThree out of five scientists on an expert panel that suggested ultra-processed foods (UPFs) are being unfairly demonised have ties to the world’s largest manufacturers of the products, the Guardian can reveal.\nRecent studies have linked UPFs such as ice-cream, fizzy drinks and ready meals to poor health, including an increased risk of cancer, weight gain and heart disease. Global consumption of the products is soaring and UPFs now make up more than half the average diet in the UK and US.\n Continue reading...","link":"https://www.theguardian.com/science/2023/sep/28/scientists-on-panel-defending-ultra-processed-foods-linked-to-food-firms","enclosure":null},{"title":"Massive Study Sheds New Light on The Link Between Contraceptive Pills And Depression","creator":"Carly Cassella","pubDate":"Fri, 29 Sep 2023 11:52:09 +0000","contentSnippet":"We need more research.","link":"https://www.sciencealert.com/massive-study-sheds-new-light-on-the-link-between-contraceptive-pills-and-depression","enclosure":null},{"title":"Une « saison en enfer » sans fin au Canada : vous ne croirez pas l'étendue des dégâts !","creator":"Karine Durand, Spécialiste météo extrême et environnement","pubDate":"Fri, 29 Sep 2023 11:50:18 +0000","contentSnippet":"L'été a beau être terminé, la saison des incendies n'a pas dit son dernier mot au Canada. Après avoir commencé de manière précoce, avec un niveau d'intensité jamais connu auparavant au cours de la saison estivale, les feux de forêt continuent de battre des records en cette fin septembre ! L'une...","link":"https://www.futura-sciences.com/planete/breves/pollution-saison-enfer-fin-canada-vous-ne-croirez-pas-etendue-degats-8361/#xtor%3DRSS-8","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpg","url":"https://cdn.futura-sciences.com/buildsv6/images/wide1920/c/6/d/c6dc4eb0ce_50203745_incendie-canada.jpg"}},{"title":"Climat : la France métropolitaine a connu son mois de septembre le plus chaud jamais enregistré, selon Météo-France","creator":"","pubDate":"Fri, 29 Sep 2023 09:29:02 +0000","contentSnippet":"L'institut estime que la température moyenne sur le mois de septembre va atteindre 21,5°C, soit entre 3,5°C et 3,6°C au-dessus de la température moyenne en septembre sur la période 1991-2020.","link":"https://www.francetvinfo.fr/meteo/climat/climat-la-france-metropolitaine-a-connu-son-mois-de-septembre-le-plus-chaud-jamais-enregistre-selon-meteo-france_6091224.html#xtor=RSS-3-%5Blestitres%5D","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://www.francetvinfo.fr/image/765ykub9m-393a/500/281/33308610.jpg"}},{"title":"En Europe, la mécanique du « Green Deal » se grippe","creator":"","pubDate":"Fri, 29 Sep 2023 08:32:38 +0000","contentSnippet":"De nombreux chefs d’Etat et de gouvernement de l’Union européenne ont appelé à une « pause réglementaire » dans la mise en œuvre des mesures de décarbonation, dont ils redoutent les conséquences économiques et sociales.","link":"https://www.lemonde.fr/international/article/2023/09/29/en-europe-la-mecanique-du-green-deal-se-grippe_6191520_3210.html","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://img.lemde.fr/2023/09/28/202/0/4000/2000/644/322/60/0/498f614_1695917726874-2023-09-28t000000z-1779485240-mt1sipa000sqwld6-rtrmadp-3-sipa-usa.JPG"}},{"title":"Plus de 2 500 migrants morts ou portés disparus en Méditerranée en 2023","creator":"FRANCE 24","pubDate":"Fri, 29 Sep 2023 08:17:52 +0000","contentSnippet":"Selon le Haut commissariat aux réfugiés de l'ONU, selon des chiffres arrêtés au 24 septembre, plus de 2 500 migrants sont morts ou portés disparus après avoir tenté de traverser la Méditerranée vers l'Europe depuis le début de l'année. Sur la même période, 186 000 migrants sont arrivés dans le sud de l'Europe, \"soit une augmentation de 83 % par rapport à la même période de 2022\".","link":"https://www.france24.com/fr/europe/20230929-plus-de-2-500-migrants-morts-ou-port%C3%A9s-disparus-en-m%C3%A9diterran%C3%A9e-en-2023","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://s.france24.com/media/display/3e3ec792-c911-11ed-be4a-005056a90321/w:1024/p:16x9/000_32KN4ME.jpg"}},{"title":"AlphaSense, an AI-based market intel firm, snaps up $150M at a $2.5B valuation","creator":"Ingrid Lunden","pubDate":"Thu, 28 Sep 2023 13:42:43 +0000","contentSnippet":"Market intelligence — where organizations gather information about industries, other businesses, trends, and more in order to use that data to help make business decisions — has become a huge industry in itself over the last few decades, projected to be worth nearly $84 billion in revenues this year. Now, as newer innovations like ChatGPT […]","link":"https://techcrunch.com/2023/09/28/alphasense-an-ai-based-market-intel-firm-snaps-up-150m-at-a-2-5b-valuation/","enclosure":null},{"title":"Famous Sycamore Gap tree at Hadrian’s Wall found cut down","creator":"Robyn Vinter North of England correspondent","pubDate":"Thu, 28 Sep 2023 12:23:44 +0000","contentSnippet":"Police investigating after former tree of the year winner, estimated to be several hundred years old, felled\nA police investigation has been launched into the felling of one of the most photographed trees in the UK, the Sycamore Gap tree at Hadrian’s Wall, Northumberland, which was found cut down on Thursday morning.\nThe world famous tree, voted English tree of the year in a Woodland Trust competition in 2016 and featured in the 1991 film Robin Hood: Prince of Thieves, is thought to have been deliberately felled.\n Continue reading...","link":"https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/sep/28/famous-sycamore-gap-tree-at-hadrians-wall-found-apparently-cut-down","enclosure":null},{"title":"200 salariés français licenciés au nom de «l’intelligence artificielle»","creator":"Dan Israel","pubDate":"Thu, 28 Sep 2023 12:11:16 +0000","contentSnippet":"L’entreprise Onclusive (ex-Kantar) va réduire de moitié ses équipes chargées de la veille médiatique, officiellement pour les remplacer par des ordinateurs. Client majeur, le gouvernement annonce à Mediapart qu’il «interrogera l’entreprise sur les garanties qu’elle entend fournir pour maintenir le niveau»\" \"de ses services.","link":"https://www.mediapart.fr/journal/economie-et-social/180923/200-salaries-francais-licencies-au-nom-de-l-intelligence-artificielle","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://static.mediapart.fr/etmagine/default/files/2023/09/18/20230918-img-200-salaries-francais-licencies-au-nom-de-l-intelligence-artificielle.jpg"}},{"title":"🔴 En direct : la Russie prévoit d'augmenter ses dépenses militaires de 70 % en 2024","creator":"FRANCE 24","pubDate":"Thu, 28 Sep 2023 12:00:03 +0000","contentSnippet":"Selon un document du ministère russe des Finances publié jeudi, Moscou prévoit d'augmenter ses dépenses militaires de près de 70 % en 2024, illustrant sa détermination à poursuivre son intervention en Ukraine. Sébastien Lecornu, ministre français des Armées, est à Kiev accompagné d'industriels de la défense pour discuter de l'évolution de l'aide française à et de partenariats industriels. Suivez en direct les derniers développements de la guerre en Ukraine.","link":"https://www.france24.com/fr/europe/20230928-%F0%9F%94%B4-en-direct-le-ministre-des-arm%C3%A9es-%C3%A0-kiev-pour-ancrer-l-aide-fran%C3%A7aise-dans-la-dur%C3%A9e","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://s.france24.com/media/display/d2117928-5de6-11ee-b037-005056a90321/w:1024/p:16x9/2023-09-22T161220Z_907276248_RC2KD3ADUTMD_RTRMADP_3_UKRAINE-CRISIS-RUSSIA-MEMORIAL.JPG"}},{"title":"Les banques européennes ont permis au secteur de l’énergie fossile de lever 1 000 milliards d’euros","creator":"","pubDate":"Thu, 28 Sep 2023 11:47:27 +0000","contentSnippet":"Les plus grands établissements bancaires en Europe n’ont jamais cessé de financer l’essor des énergies fossiles. Une enquête menée par une dizaine de médias européens décortique la façon dont ils tirent bénéfice du marché des obligations des industries polluantes.","link":"https://www.courrierinternational.com/article/enquete-les-banques-europeennes-ont-permis-au-secteur-de-l-energie-fossile-de-lever-1-000-milliards-d-euros","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://focus.courrierinternational.com/2023/06/21/0/0/6720/4480/644/0/60/0/2a5555c_2023-06-21t130850z-702665271-rc2on1a5jlyx-rtrmadp-3-petrobras-analysts.JPG"}},{"title":"IA : « On va avoir de plus en plus de mal à constituer des archives authentiques »","creator":"","pubDate":"Thu, 28 Sep 2023 11:40:05 +0000","contentSnippet":"Notre patrimoine se dématérialise à grands pas. En 2020, près de 27 260 Gigaoctets d’archives numériques ont été collectés par le ministère de la Culture, rejoignant la librairie immatérielle des Archives Nationales. Mais à quoi ressemblera notre mémoire numérique collective dans le futur, si de nouveaux contenus sont générés automatiquement avec le recours à l'intelligence artificielle ? Le philosophe et informaticien Jean-Gabriel Ganascia nous répond.","link":"https://usbeketrica.com/fr/article/ia-on-va-avoir-de-plus-en-plus-de-mal-a-constituer-des-archives-authentiques-de-notre-futur","enclosure":null},{"title":"Bordeaux : Précarité galopante à la fac où les indicateurs sociaux et la santé mentale des étudiants se dégradent","creator":"Elsa Provenzano (20 Minutes)","pubDate":"Thu, 28 Sep 2023 11:19:22 +0000","contentSnippet":"Si ce ne sont pas ces missions principales, l'Université de Bordeaux tente d'aider ses étudiants en difficultés à se loger en urgence, à accéder à la banque alimentaire et à des consultations avec des psychologues","link":"https://www.20minutes.fr/societe/4055066-20230928-bordeaux-precarite-galopante-fac-indicateurs-sociaux-sante-mentale-etudiants-degradent#xtor=RSS-149","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://img.20mn.fr/o4MSD0ndQyOlHVM-oi-KMg/1200x768_banque-alimentaire-france"}},{"title":"6,4 milliards de litres pour Microsoft : l'IA générative a-t-elle fait exploser la consommation d'eau des géants de la tech ?","creator":"","pubDate":"Thu, 28 Sep 2023 10:39:51 +0000","contentSnippet":"Dans leurs derniers rapports de responsabilité environnementale, Microsoft et Google ont fait état de pics de consommation d'eau l'année passée, pointe un article de l'agence Associated Press. En cause : la technologie de l'intelligence artificielle (IA) générative.","link":"https://www.geo.fr/environnement/eau-ia-generative-a-t-elle-fait-exploser-consommation-eau-geants-de-la-tech-openai-microsoft-google-chatgpt-216592","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://geo.img.pmdstatic.net/fit/~1~geo~2023~09~11~cb6a5623-4d47-4a08-8772-127d8bba823b.jpeg/1200x900/quality/80/6-4-milliards-de-litres-pour-microsoft-l-ia-generative-a-t-elle-fait-exploser-la-consommation-d-eau-des-geants-de-la-tech.jpg"}},{"title":"Pollution de l'air : les pays membres de l'UE refusent de durcir les normes sur les gaz d'échappement","creator":"","pubDate":"Thu, 28 Sep 2023 10:34:31 +0000","contentSnippet":"Les pays membres de l'UE ont écarté lundi un nouveau durcissement des normes de pollution sur les gaz d'échappement des voitures particulières, estimant qu'il risquait de freiner les investissements des constructeurs dans les véhicules électriques.","link":"https://www.geo.fr/environnement/pollution-de-lair-les-pays-membres-de-lue-refusent-de-durcir-les-normes-sur-les-gaz-dechappement-216801","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://geo.img.pmdstatic.net/fit/~1~geo~2023~09~25~ae63426d-71b3-4976-9e69-b4717428d5a2.jpeg/1200x900/quality/80/pollution-de-l-air-les-pays-membres-de-l-ue-refusent-de-durcir-les-normes-sur-les-gaz-d-echappement.jpg"}},{"title":"Une catastrophe annoncée : une nouvelle étude confirme l'effondrement du Gulf Stream","creator":"","pubDate":"Thu, 28 Sep 2023 10:33:49 +0000","contentSnippet":"Élément essentiel du système océanique dans l'hémisphère Nord, ce courant situé au large de la côte Est des États-Unis s'étiole progressivement, ont récemment alerté des scientifiques. Sa disparition provoquerait des dégâts climatiques majeurs.","link":"https://www.geo.fr/environnement/climat-catastrophe-annoncee-une-nouvelle-etude-confirme-effondrement-gulf-stream-floride-amoc-216840","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://geo.img.pmdstatic.net/fit/~1~geo~2023~09~27~8746cd98-4c9a-4996-8c0f-090638aba457.jpeg/1200x900/quality/80/une-catastrophe-annoncee-une-nouvelle-etude-confirme-l-effondrement-du-gulf-stream.jpg"}},{"title":"Rendez-vous à Paris pour un sommet sur la situation des pôles et glaciers, jugée \"extrêmement préoccupante\"","creator":"","pubDate":"Thu, 28 Sep 2023 10:33:39 +0000","contentSnippet":"La France organise en novembre un sommet destiné à mobiliser sur les fronts scientifique et diplomatique face à la situation \"extrêmement préoccupante\" des pôles et des glaciers, ont annoncé jeudi les organisateurs.","link":"https://www.geo.fr/environnement/rendez-vous-novembre-paris-pour-sommet-one-planet-polar-summit-situation-poles-glaciers-jugee-extremement-preoccupante-216845","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://geo.img.pmdstatic.net/fit/~1~geo~2023~09~27~85acd2b4-47ec-46e5-8c11-449dd196e289.jpeg/1200x900/quality/80/rendez-vous-a-paris-pour-un-sommet-sur-la-situation-des-poles-et-glaciers-jugee-extremement-preoccupante.jpg"}},{"title":"6 milliards de tonnes par an : on extrait beaucoup trop de sable des océans","creator":"","pubDate":"Thu, 28 Sep 2023 10:32:14 +0000","contentSnippet":"La surexploitation du sable dans le monde, notamment pour la construction, représente une menace pour les écosystèmes côtiers et la biodiversité marine, alerte l'Organisation des Nations unies (ONU) dans un communiqué publié le 5 septembre. \n \nSelon le Programme des Nations unies pour l'environnement (Pnue), chaque jour, entre quatre et huit milliards de tonnes de sable et de sédiments ont été extraits des océans de 2012 à 2019. \n \nL'extraction massive du sable dans la mer peu profonde représente un risque (...)\n \n \n            Lire la suite \n             \n            - \n                En bref \n             \n             \n            /  \n                Océans","link":"https://reporterre.net/Six-milliards-de-tonnes-par-an-on-extrait-beaucoup-trop-de-sable-des-oceans","enclosure":null},{"title":"Pollution et malbouffe : les cancers explosent chez les jeunes","creator":"","pubDate":"Thu, 28 Sep 2023 10:30:05 +0000","contentSnippet":"En trente ans, les cancers chez les jeunes ont grimpé de 80 %. Les principaux responsables : les polluants environnementaux et une mauvaise alimentation, analyse le Dr Jean-David Zeitoun. \n Les chiffres sont alarmants : en trente ans, l'incidence des cancers chez les personnes âgées de moins de cinquante ans a bondi de 79 %, le nombre de décès associés de 28 %, et les pays industrialisés semblent particulièrement touchés, révèle une large étude publiée dans le journal médical BMJ Oncology le 5 septembre. (...)\n \n \n            Lire la suite \n             \n            - \n                Entretien \n             \n             \n            /  \n                Pollutions \n            ,  \n                Santé","link":"https://reporterre.net/Pollution-et-malbouffe-les-cancers-explosent-chez-les-jeunes","enclosure":null},{"title":"Glyphosate : Bayer a écarté des études montrant sa dangerosité","creator":"","pubDate":"Thu, 28 Sep 2023 10:27:21 +0000","contentSnippet":"Des études montrant des effets néfastes du glyphosate ont été écartées par Bayer lors de son processus d'évaluation. C'est ce que révèlent mercredi 27 septembre les associations européennes Global 2000 et PAN Europe (Pesticide action network). Elles ont déposé plainte auprès du procureur de la République de Vienne, estimant que cela a influencé l'évaluation des risques réalisée dans le cadre du processus de ré-autorisation du glyphosate. \n \n« La législation européenne prévoit que les fabricants de pesticides (...)\n \n \n            Lire la suite \n             \n            - \n                En bref \n             \n             \n            /  \n                Agriculture","link":"https://reporterre.net/Des-etudes-defavorables-au-glyphosate-ecartees-de-son-evaluation","enclosure":null},{"title":"Revealed: almost everyone in Europe is breathing toxic air","creator":"Matthew Taylor environment correspondent and Pamela Duncan","pubDate":"Thu, 28 Sep 2023 10:25:04 +0000","contentSnippet":"Guardian investigation finds 98% of Europeans breathing highly damaging polluted air linked to 400,000 deaths a year\n\nEurope’s pollution divide: see how your area compares\n\nEurope is facing a “severe public health crisis”, with almost everyone across the continent living in areas with dangerous levels of air pollution, an investigation by the Guardian has found.\nAnalysis of data gathered using cutting-edge methodology – including detailed satellite images and measurements from more than 1,400 ground monitoring stations – reveals a dire picture of dirty air, with 98% of people living in areas with highly damaging fine particulate pollution that exceed World Health Organization guidelines. Almost two-thirds live in areas where air quality is more than double the WHO’s guidelines.\n Continue reading...","link":"https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/sep/20/revealed-almost-everyone-in-europe-breathing-toxic-air","enclosure":null},{"title":"Wildfires turn Canada’s vast forests from carbon sink into super-emitter","creator":"Leyland Cecco in Toronto","pubDate":"Thu, 28 Sep 2023 10:20:27 +0000","contentSnippet":"This year’s out-of-control blazes released 2bn tonnes of CO2 – probably triple the country’s annual carbon footprint\nThe vast swaths of pine, spruce and larch forest that blanket much of Canada have been prized for generations. Not only do they provide a home to hundreds of species – including some of the most threatened in the country – but they also absorb more greenhouse gases than they emit, acting as a huge carbon sink.\nThis summer, however, as flames devoured one of the largest contiguous stretches of woodland on the planet, 2bn tonnes (2.2bn tons) of carbon dioxide were released into the atmosphere.\n Continue reading...","link":"https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/sep/22/canada-wildfires-forests-carbon-emissions","enclosure":null},{"title":"‘Climate villain’: scientists say Rupert Murdoch wielded his media empire to sow confusion and doubt","creator":"Graham Readfearn and Adam Morton","pubDate":"Thu, 28 Sep 2023 10:20:11 +0000","contentSnippet":"The tycoon, who is stepping down from News Corp and Fox, has used his outlets to promote denial and delay action, experts say\n\nFollow our Australia news live blog for latest updates\nGet our morning and afternoon news emails, free app or daily news podcast\n\nScientists have described the media tycoon Rupert Murdoch as a “climate villain” who has used his television and newspaper empire to promote climate science denial and delay action.\nMurdoch’s outlets, including Fox News, the Wall Street Journal and The Australian, have long been known to promote doubts about the cause and consequences of the climate crisis. Scientists said this had caused lasting damage.\n Continue reading...","link":"https://www.theguardian.com/media/2023/sep/23/rupert-murdoch-climate-change-denial","enclosure":null},{"title":"Antarctique : la surface de la banquise plus réduite que jamais en hiver","creator":"","pubDate":"Thu, 28 Sep 2023 10:15:37 +0000","contentSnippet":"L’étendue maximale atteinte cette année est de 1,03 million de kilomètres carrés inférieure à la plus faible précédemment enregistrée, soit près de deux fois la superficie de la France.","link":"https://www.lemonde.fr/planete/article/2023/09/26/antarctique-la-surface-de-la-banquise-plus-reduite-que-jamais-en-hiver_6191032_3244.html","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://img.lemde.fr/2023/08/24/408/0/3264/1632/644/322/60/0/9e958d9_5088448-01-06.jpg"}},{"title":"Recyclage : pas de consigne pour les bouteilles en plastique","creator":"Jean-Claude Bourbon","pubDate":"Thu, 28 Sep 2023 10:02:24 +0000","contentSnippet":"Le gouvernement a annoncé mercredi 27 septembre sa décision d’enterrer le projet de consigne des bouteilles en plastique en vue du recyclage. Cette mesure était réclamée par les industriels de l’agroalimentaire, mais fortement contestée par les élus locaux, qui ont lourdement investi dans les centres de tri.","link":"https://www.la-croix.com/planete/Plastique-gouvernement-abandonne-consigne-generalisee-bouteilles-usagees-2023-09-28-1201284570","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://i.la-croix.com/x/2023/09/28/1201284570/maxnewsworldthree899231_0.jpg"}},{"title":"Etats-Unis : le cabinet de conseil McKinsey paiera 230 millions de dollars pour régler des litiges sur les opioïdes","creator":"","pubDate":"Thu, 28 Sep 2023 09:59:01 +0000","contentSnippet":"McKinsey est accusé d'avoir élaboré, avec des laboratoires, des stratégies pour commercialiser agressivement des opioïdes sur ordonnance.","link":"https://www.francetvinfo.fr/monde/usa/le-cabinet-de-conseil-mckinsey-paiera-230-millions-de-dollars-pour-regler-des-litiges-sur-les-opioides-aux-etats-unis_6087996.html#xtor=RSS-3-%5Blestitres%5D","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://www.francetvinfo.fr/image/765yjnfnf-0e3c/500/281/33290223.jpg"}},{"title":"Crise climatique : les glaciers suisses ont fondu autant ces deux dernières années qu'entre 1960 et 1990","creator":"","pubDate":"Thu, 28 Sep 2023 09:57:18 +0000","contentSnippet":"\"C'est une combinaison de la très mauvaise succession d'extrêmes météorologiques et du changement climatique\" qui rend ces extrêmes plus probables, analyse Matthias Huss, qui dirige le réseau suisse des relevés glaciologiques.","link":"https://www.francetvinfo.fr/monde/environnement/crise-climatique/crise-climatique-les-glaciers-suisses-ont-fondu-autant-ces-deux-dernieres-annees-qu-entre-1960-et-1990_6089220.html#xtor=RSS-3-%5Blestitres%5D","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://www.francetvinfo.fr/image/765yk8va4-9b9a/500/281/33294462.jpg"}},{"title":"Un nouveau virus découvert dans la partie la plus profonde de l'océan","creator":"","pubDate":"Thu, 28 Sep 2023 09:54:21 +0000","contentSnippet":"Selon les chercheurs, le nouveau virus découvert dans la fosse des Mariannes pourrait être le bactériophage le plus profond découvert dans l'océan.","link":"https://fr.euronews.com/next/2023/09/27/un-nouveau-virus-decouvert-dans-la-partie-la-plus-profonde-de-locean","enclosure":null},{"title":"Le gouvernement envisage de prolonger la vidéosurveillance par IA au-delà des JO 2024","creator":"Julien Lausson","pubDate":"Thu, 28 Sep 2023 09:51:42 +0000","contentSnippet":"La vidéosurveillance algorithmique, qui mobilise de l'IA pour analyser les images des caméras, sera utilisée lors des J.O. de Paris en 2024. En principe, cette expérimentation doit cesser fin mars 2025. Mais elle pourrait aussi être prolongée, laisse entendre le gouvernement. \n [Lire la suite]\nAbonnez-vous aux newsletters Numerama pour recevoir l’essentiel de l’actualité https://www.numerama.com/newsletter/","link":"https://www.numerama.com/politique/1511774-le-gouvernement-envisage-de-prolonger-la-videosurveillance-par-ia-au-dela-des-jo-2024.html","enclosure":null},{"title":"L’Antarctique enregistre son plus bas niveau de glace de mer : une menace pour le monde entier !","creator":"Nathalie Mayer, Journaliste","pubDate":"Thu, 28 Sep 2023 09:49:02 +0000","contentSnippet":"Les modèles ne l’avaient pas vraiment vu venir. La glace de l’Antarctique fond désormais à grande vitesse. Elle vient même d’atteindre la plus petite étendue maximale jamais enregistrée. Un phénomène qui ne restera pas sans conséquence. Des impacts sont attendus sur le monde entier.","link":"https://www.futura-sciences.com/planete/actualites/antarctique-antarctique-enregistre-son-plus-bas-niveau-glace-mer-menace-monde-entier-107840/#xtor%3DRSS-8","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpg","url":"https://cdn.futura-sciences.com/buildsv6/images/wide1920/2/9/a/29a68853b6_50206815_glace-mer-antarctique.jpg"}},{"title":"En France, les enfants cibles d’un marketing agressif sur des produits alimentaires de qualité nutritionnelle très médiocre","creator":"Isabelle do O'Gomes","pubDate":"Thu, 28 Sep 2023 09:47:12 +0000","contentSnippet":"L’organisation non gouvernementale européenne Foodwatch a mené une nouvelle enquête sur les produits alimentaires destinés aux enfants : parmi les 228 produits analysés, seuls 10 répondent aux recommandations de l’OMS.","link":"https://www.sciencesetavenir.fr/nutrition/les-enfants-francais-cibles-d-un-marketing-agressif-sur-des-produits-alimentaires-de-qualite-nutritionnelle-tres-mediocre_174097?xtor=RSS-28","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://www.sciencesetavenir.fr/assets/img/2023/09/25/cover-r4x3w1200-65115e9388b25-080-hl-rmilani-2134179.jpg"}},{"title":"Des scientifiques trouvent des microplastiques dans les nuages","creator":"AFP","pubDate":"Thu, 28 Sep 2023 09:46:08 +0000","contentSnippet":"Des chercheurs au Japon ont confirmé avoir trouvé des microplastiques dans les nuages, et leur présence pourrait modifier le climat de façons encore mal comprises.  \nPour une étude publiée dans la revue Environmental Chemistry Letters, des scientifiques se sont rendus sur le Mont Fuji et le Mont Oyama, afin de collecter de l'eau issue des nuages qui entourent leur sommet.  \n\"A notre connaissance, c'est la première fois que des microplastiques en suspension sont confirmés dans l'eau des nuages\", ont écrit les scientifiques dans leur étude.","link":"https://www.sciencesetavenir.fr/nature-environnement/des-scientifiques-trouvent-des-microplastiques-dans-les-nuages_174150?xtor=RSS-15","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://www.sciencesetavenir.fr/assets/img/2023/09/27/cover-r4x3w1200-6514a5332c2db-f73a10f0a67b0388dc3e4c0f592b2c63c941625a-jpg.jpg"}},{"title":"Immersive Tech Obscures Reality. AI Will Threaten It","creator":"Jameson Spivack, Daniel Berrick","pubDate":"Thu, 28 Sep 2023 09:37:03 +0000","contentSnippet":"AI could supercharge augmented and virtual reality, making online manipulation and disinformation campaigns much more personal—and effective.","link":"https://www.wired.com/story/immersive-technology-artificial-intelligence-disinformation/","enclosure":null},{"title":"Pollution des sols : à Bordeaux, ils découvrent que les légumes de leur jardin sont impropres à la consommation","creator":"Julie Chapman","pubDate":"Thu, 28 Sep 2023 09:03:00 +0000","contentSnippet":"Les résultats sont formels, les sols de Bordeaux sont pollués. Une réalité découverte par les habitants du quartier de la Bastide, en début de mois, qui inquiète.","link":"https://france3-regions.francetvinfo.fr/nouvelle-aquitaine/gironde/bordeaux/pollution-des-sols-a-bordeaux-ils-decouvrent-que-les-legumes-de-leur-jardin-sont-impropres-a-la-consommation-2846933.html","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://france3-regions.francetvinfo.fr/image/xGDChYgfj3b3IucXfG_whGWeh1s/930x620/filters:format(webp)/regions/2023/09/27/ftvhd-0612-00-00-03-02-6514594b39f75915741739.jpg"}},{"title":"Jellyfish show how you don’t need a brain to learn, say researchers","creator":"Nicola Davis Science correspondent","pubDate":"Wed, 27 Sep 2023 10:54:16 +0000","contentSnippet":"Adjustment of behaviour shown in study suggests learning is integral function of neurons\nJellyfish change their behaviour based on past experiences, researchers have revealed, in a study that suggests learning could be a fundamental property of the way nerve cells work.\nUnlike humans, jellyfish do not have a central brain. However, box jellyfish have clusters of neurons associated with the creatures’ eye-like structures, known as rhopalia, with this system – known as rhopalia – acting as visual information processing centres.\n Continue reading...","link":"https://www.theguardian.com/science/2023/sep/22/jellyfish-learning-behaviour-neurons-study","enclosure":null},{"title":"‘Supercontinent’ could make Earth uninhabitable in 250m years, study predicts","creator":"Jonathan Watts","pubDate":"Wed, 27 Sep 2023 10:53:34 +0000","contentSnippet":"Extreme temperatures, radiation and collapse of food supply created by merging of continents would cause mass extinction\nThe formation of a supercontinent on Earth could wipe out humans and any other mammals that are still around in 250m years, according to a study.\nThe mass extinction would be caused primarily by heat stress as a result of greater volcanic activity that would put twice as much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere as current levels, an older sun that would emit more radiation and the extent of inland deserts in the tropics.\n Continue reading...","link":"https://www.theguardian.com/science/2023/sep/25/supercontinent-could-make-earth-uninhabitable-in-250m-years-study-predicts","enclosure":null},{"title":"The Climate Crisis Is Driving People to Substance Abuse","creator":"Sanket Jain","pubDate":"Wed, 27 Sep 2023 10:50:12 +0000","contentSnippet":"Extreme weather has decimated crops and incomes in northern India. To soothe their anxiety, agricultural workers are turning to tobacco and alcohol.","link":"https://www.wired.com/story/climate-change-substance-abuse-tobacco-alcohol-india/","enclosure":null},{"title":"Virus du Nil occidental, Usutu, dengue, chikungunya : de nombreux cas identifiés en Nouvelle-Aquitaine","creator":"","pubDate":"Wed, 27 Sep 2023 10:45:16 +0000","contentSnippet":"L’ARS de Nouvelle-Aquitaine confirme de nombreux cas de maladies tropicales dans la région, notamment en Gironde, en Charente-Maritime ou encore dans les Landes.","link":"https://www.sudouest.fr/sante/virus-du-nil-occidental-usutu-dengue-chikungunya-de-nombreux-cas-identifies-en-nouvelle-aquitaine-16823574.php","enclosure":null},{"title":"Smarter AI Assistants Could Make It Harder to Stay Human","creator":"Steven Levy","pubDate":"Tue, 26 Sep 2023 10:11:34 +0000","contentSnippet":"AI helpers that make phone calls, book flights, and chat with other bots will give humans new freedom—but also lead machines to undermine people's independence.","link":"https://www.wired.com/story/plaintext-smarter-ai-assistants-could-make-it-harder-to-stay-human/","enclosure":null},{"title":"Your Boss’s Spyware Could Train AI to Replace You","creator":"Thor Benson","pubDate":"Tue, 26 Sep 2023 10:09:44 +0000","contentSnippet":"Corporations are using software to monitor employees on a large scale. Some experts fear the data these tools collect could be used to automate people out of their jobs.","link":"https://www.wired.com/story/corporate-surveillance-train-ai/","enclosure":null},{"title":"L'accumulation de fer dans le cerveau peut déclencher la maladie d'Alzheimer","creator":"Stéphanie Le Guillou, Journaliste Santé","pubDate":"Tue, 19 Sep 2023 11:03:04 +0000","contentSnippet":"Les causes exactes de la maladie d'Alzheimer demeurent énigmatiques. Toutefois, des chercheurs ont découvert un lien potentiel entre l'accumulation de fer dans le cerveau et l'apparition de cette pathologie, conduisant à une forme spécifique de mort cellulaire appelée ferroptose. Cette...","link":"https://www.futura-sciences.com/sante/actualites/medecine-accumulation-fer-cerveau-peut-declencher-maladie-alzheimer-107743/#xtor%3DRSS-8","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpg","url":"https://cdn.futura-sciences.com/buildsv6/images/wide1920/1/c/f/1cfb248c85_50206478_3-alzheimer.jpg"}},{"title":"L'Australie annonce la formation du phénomène El Nino dans le Pacifique","creator":"FRANCE 24","pubDate":"Tue, 19 Sep 2023 09:00:41 +0000","contentSnippet":"Le bureau météorologique australien a annoncé, mardi, la formation du phénomène El Nino. Se produisant en moyenne tous les deux à sept ans, il dure de neuf à douze mois. Ce phénomène climatique naturel est associé au réchauffement des températures de surface de l'océan dans le centre et l'est de l'océan Pacifique tropical.","link":"https://www.france24.com/fr/asie-pacifique/20230919-l-australie-annonce-la-formation-du-ph%C3%A9nom%C3%A8ne-el-nino-dans-le-pacifique","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://s.france24.com/media/display/f26975a8-56bc-11ee-bdda-005056a90321/w:1024/p:16x9/000_33V34XF.jpg"}},{"title":" Sherlock, le terrifiant successeur du logiciel espion Pegasus, vous infecte à travers les publicités","creator":"Camille Lemaître","pubDate":"Tue, 19 Sep 2023 08:57:08 +0000","contentSnippet":"Et rien ne peut vous en protéger. Lire la suite","link":"https://korii.slate.fr/tech/sherlock-terrifiant-successeur-logiciel-espion-pegasus-infecte-publicites-ciblees-insanet-israel-cyberespionnage","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://korii.slate.fr/sites/default/files/styles/1440x600/public/camilo-jimenez-qzeno_gq7qa-unsplash.jpeg"}},{"title":"Migrants : une demandeuse d’asile a 18 fois plus de risque d’être victime d’un viol qu’une Française","creator":"","pubDate":"Tue, 19 Sep 2023 08:53:36 +0000","contentSnippet":"Une enquête de santé publique menée sur 273 demandeuses d’asile à Marseille montre les liens glaçants entre migration et violence sexuelle en France.","link":"https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/france/article/une-demandeuse-d-asile-a-18-fois-plus-de-risque-d-etre-victime-d-un-viol-qu-une-francaise_223246.html","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://huffpost-focus.sirius.press/2023/09/18/53/0/1024/576/0/0/60/0/75eb24a_1695059476639-000-33ta6fw.jpg"}},{"title":"Nos rivières sont menacées, elles étouffent littéralement !","creator":"Nathalie Mayer, Journaliste","pubDate":"Tue, 19 Sep 2023 08:45:31 +0000","contentSnippet":"Le réchauffement climatique semble décidé à n’épargner rien ni personne. Alors que les chercheurs les pensaient relativement protégées, ils viennent de découvrir que nos rivières se réchauffent à grande vitesse. Et qu’elles perdent, en plus, leur oxygène de manière inquiétante.","link":"https://www.futura-sciences.com/planete/actualites/riviere-nos-rivieres-sont-menacees-elles-etouffent-litteralement-107729/#xtor%3DRSS-8","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpg","url":"https://cdn.futura-sciences.com/buildsv6/images/wide1920/8/0/4/80453dc43b_50206470_riviere-oxygene-temperature.jpg"}},{"title":"Le prix du riz au plus haut depuis 15 ans, la faim va progresser","creator":"Bruno Parmentier, Ingénieur, économiste, auteur conférencier et consultant, spécialisé dans les questions agricoles et alimentaires","pubDate":"Tue, 19 Sep 2023 08:43:58 +0000","contentSnippet":"Le prix mondial du riz a très fortement augmenté en 2023 et particulièrement au mois d'août. Il est maintenant à son niveau de prix d'il y a 15 ans, lorsqu'il y a eu des émeutes de la faim dans 36 pays du monde. Tout cela alors que l'Ukraine ne produit pas un gramme de riz, que la production...","link":"https://www.futura-sciences.com/sante/actualites/alimentation-prix-riz-plus-haut-depuis-15-ans-faim-va-progresser-107686/#xtor%3DRSS-8","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpg","url":"https://cdn.futura-sciences.com/buildsv6/images/wide1920/f/f/d/ffdbbabd64_50206496_riz-rizieres.jpg"}},{"title":"Invasive snails are chomping through Florida, and no one can stop them","creator":"Maddi Langweil","pubDate":"Tue, 19 Sep 2023 08:42:08 +0000","contentSnippet":"Florida officials identified the first invasive population of giant African land snails in the state in 2011. Joe Raedle/Getty Images\n \nUnder towering palms and tangled mangroves, coil-shelled creatures slowly crawl across damp leaves and mossy rocks. As these invasive snails take advantage of the hot, wet ambiance of southern Florida, they leave glistening trails of slime across backyards, parks, forests, and gardens. The Sunshine State is a paradise for snails from other parts of the world who are being shipped in for the pet trade, outcompeting native species, spreading disease, and wreaking havoc overall.   \n \n \n \n \n“Florida has become a hotspot for invasive snails because of its tropical climate in the south end and enormous amount of freshwater springs for aquatic species,” says Lori Tolley-Jordan, an invertebrate zoologist at Jacksonville State University who specializes in freshwater invertebrate biodiversity. “While Alabama has the most diversity of [freshwater] snails, Florida’s environment and climate temperatures are very suitable for land and aquatic snails because it is not much different than their homes in southeast Asia and other tropical areas.”\n \n \n \n \n[Related: Experience the uncomfortable weirdness of a snail eating fruit]\n \n \n \n \nIn turn, visitors like the giant African land snail from East Africa, one of the largest snails in the world, have found Florida to be a home away from home. As wide as the size of an adult hand with a unique brown lined shell, they make for a charismatic terrarium pet and are available for sale on websites like Amazon. That means they typically arrive through one of the 16 seaports in Florida that aid the multi-billion-dollar wildlife trafficking business. “It’s one of the largest ports of entry into the US,” Trolley-Jordan says.\n \n \n \n \nExotic apple snails are outcompeting their local relatives in Florida. Dorit Bar-Zakay/Getty \n \n \n \nSome time after an imported species like the giant African snail or potted apple snail arrives at its new home, the buyer may decide to release the snail into the wild, thinking it’s the humane thing to do. However, the critters become an issue with their ability to spread quickly and quietly, munching on essential plants and crops along the way. \n \n \n \n \n“One of the [indicators] for species that are the most invasive, if anything, is their ability to reproduce quickly,” says Trolley-Jordan. \n \n \n \n \nThe giant African snail first came to Florida in the 1960s. It was forcibly wiped out from the state in the 1970s, but made a comeback through seaports in 2011. As the population expands its range, it has begun to impact the environment and the survivability of its native counterparts, including the Florida apple snail. With the ability to populate quickly, a hermaphroditic giant African snail or dioecious exotic apple snail can produce as many as 500 eggs every one to two weeks. Inversely, a native apple snail needs to find a mate to reproduce as little as 20 eggs per clutch every few weeks. \n \n \n \n \n“There are several species of non-native snails in Florida, but most of them are locally restricted and have been confined in Florida for decades. So they only have gotten out by people having them as pets,” says Robert Fletcher, a professor in wildlife ecology at the University of Florida and principle investigator of a snail kite monitoring research team. “But, the [exotic apple snail] is a different story.” \n \n \n \n \nA snail-sized apocalypse\n \n \n \n \nAs the alien snail species pump out numerous eggs, their sticky capsules become sneaky stowaways, clinging to unsuspecting humans and animals that whisk them away to new areas. Within weeks, the newly hatched babies will overwhelm their surroundings. \n \n \n \n \n“Even if a person hasn’t released that species, that species can happen to be found on other plants when they are being sold or moved around that their eggs are attached to,” Trolley-Jordan says. “Either intentionally or unintentionally, they move everywhere.” \n \n \n \n \nAn employee of the Florida Department of Agriculture shows eggs of the giant African snail near the inspection ground in New Port Richey, Florida on July 21, 2022. Chandan Khanna/AFP via Getty Images \n \n \n \nAlready, shady exotic drifters like the trumpet snail and island apple snail have extended their ranges and colonized new ecosystems in multiple parts of the US. They also end up bringing extra company with them: parasites. Notorious for pathogens, species like the trumpet snail serve as vectors for the lung fluke, a flatworm that causes meningitis-like symptoms in humans and can sometimes be deadly to wildlife. Meanwhile, the giant African land snail carries roundworms, which can trigger intestinal issues. \n \n \n \n \nThe devastation wrought by these snails can be felt up the food chain, too. Non-native apple snails, for example, are outcompeting Florida apple snails, which are the primary food source for Everglade snail kites. This highly specialized bird of prey has been on the federal endangered species list since the 1960s, and has a relatively small population that is confined to southern Florida. The kite uses its unique hook-shaped beak to pry open snail shells, and has just started to crack into the larger invasive apple snails.\n \n \n \n \n“There are lots of concerns about whether or not this non-native snail is going to further contribute to the decline of snail kites, and maybe push it to the brink of extinction,” says Fletcher. “[But] we have seen so far that this non-native highly invasive snail has essentially provided a Band-Aid for the snail kite.”\n \n \n \n \nWith the non-native apple snails increasing more rapidly than the native one, Fletcher says that his research team thinks it’s possible the invasive prey is “playing towards the increase in sort of the reversal of this population trend” in the snail kite—a glimmer of hope for the species.\n \n \n \n \nEverglades snail kites are adapted to feeding on local apple snails, but have since expanded to eating several exotic species. Scott Suriano/Getty Images \n \n \n \nAs the battle for holding the balance between native and nonnative species in Florida continues, another slimy creature may soon enter this picture and add to the damage. “The assassin snail could wipe out entire populations of Florida’s unique spring snails if introduced,” says Tolley-Jordan.\n \n \n \n \nThe bumble bee-striped assassin snail doesn’t have an appetite for the plants in Florida like the apple snails, but will prey on smaller native species like Florida apple snails. It currently ranks as a top predator in its homeland of Malaysia, and will likely make its way to Singapore, a hotpot of global transport of invasive species, Trolley-Hordan notes. The zoologist has no doubt that it would thrive in the “Lion City” and New Zealand. \n \n \n \n \n[Related: Researchers release more than 5,000 snails in the Pacific]\n \n \n \n \nAs far as experts know, the assassin snail hasn’t entered Florida yet. But it’s a rising star on the pet market, so it might only be a matter of time. \n \n \n \n \nDoing the detective work\n \n \n \n \nOne way scientists are able to determine if an invasive critter is getting too cozy in the Sunshine State is through environmental DNA or eDNA. For early detection, they can take water samples and look for traces of a specific species genetic material. The tool has been used in other parts of the US such as in the Mississippi River to detect black carp and the New Zealand mud snails. \n \n \n \n \nEradicating snail squatters can be tricky: Once they’ve spread through an ecosystem, they can be hard to find, catch and prevent from reproducing. This June, the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services began to treat in Broward County and other southern properties such as in ​​Broward County for giant African snails with a pesticide called metaldehyde, a.k.a. snail bait. Once applied to crops and certain residential areas, the pesticide works by interfering with a snail’s ability to make mucus, ultimately impacting its mobility and digestion. Within days the target dies from dehydration. Officials also use specially trained canine units to sniff out the offenders.\n \n \n \n \nLorenna Dewitz, an employee of Florida Department of Agriculture, handles a trained dog Mellon, as he sniffs and searches for the giant African snails in New Port Richey, Florida on July 21, 2022. Chandan Khanna/AFP via Getty Images \n \n \n \nPrevention through early detection, public outreach, and ecological management has proven to be the best strategy against the Sunshine State’s slimy epidemic. But of course, the best way to keep Florida from being taken over by alien snails is for pet owners to make smarter decisions, both for themselves and for the local wildlife and environment. “The public oftentimes is just not aware,” Trolley-Jordan says, “ It’s one of our biggest problems.”\n \nThe post Invasive snails are chomping through Florida, and no one can stop them appeared first on Popular Science.\n \nArticles may contain affiliate links which enable us to share in the revenue of any purchases made.","link":"https://www.popsci.com/environment/invasive-snails-florida/","enclosure":null},{"title":"Crèmes solaires, pesticides, hydrocarbures... Ces produits chimiques contaminent les coraux, selon une nouvelle étude de l'ANSES","creator":"","pubDate":"Mon, 18 Sep 2023 08:14:11 +0000","contentSnippet":"Les coraux, qui produisent 50% de l’oxygène, sont fortement impactés par plusieurs phénomènes, dont l’activité humaine. Cette étude montre que 15 à 20 substances chimiques, déversées dans la mer faute d'assainissement, participent à leur dégradation.","link":"https://www.francetvinfo.fr/monde/environnement/cremes-solaires-pesticides-hydrocarbures-ces-produits-chimiques-contaminent-les-coraux-selon-une-nouvelle-etude-de-l-anses_6067557.html#xtor=RSS-3-%5Blestitres%5D","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://www.francetvinfo.fr/image/765ydneoh-ac2e/500/281/33152415.jpg"}},{"title":"‘Forever chemical’ exposure linked to higher cancer odds in women","creator":"Carey Gillam","pubDate":"Mon, 18 Sep 2023 08:10:17 +0000","contentSnippet":"New research finds evidence that exposure to PFAS and phenols increases odds of certain ‘hormonally driven’ cancers for women\nWomen exposed to several widely used chemicals appear to face increased odds for ovarian and other types of cancers, including a doubling of odds for melanoma, according to new research funded by the US government.\nUsing data collected by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), a team of academic researchers found evidence that women diagnosed with some “hormonally driven” cancers had exposures to certain per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), which are used in thousands of household and industrial products, including in stain- and heat-resistant items.\n Continue reading...","link":"https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/sep/18/pfas-forever-chemicals-exposure-cancer-women","enclosure":null},{"title":"Émulsifiants, ces additifs très consommés par les Français et associés à des risques de maladies cardiovasculaires","creator":"Isabelle do O'Gomes","pubDate":"Mon, 18 Sep 2023 08:08:28 +0000","contentSnippet":"Dans une étude parue dans le BMJ en ce mois de septembre 2023, des scientifiques français mettent en évidence une relation probable entre la consommation régulière de certains additifs et le risque de maladies cardiovasculaires. Ces émulsifiants sont très consommés par les Français et présents dans 53,8% des produits alimentaires industriels.","link":"https://www.sciencesetavenir.fr/nutrition/emulsifiants-des-additifs-tres-consommes-par-les-francais-et-associes-a-des-risques-de-maladies-cardiovasculaires_173834?xtor=RSS-28","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://www.sciencesetavenir.fr/assets/img/2023/09/15/cover-r4x3w1200-650436b60723b-085-00969912-003.jpg"}},{"title":"Antarctic sea-ice at 'mind-blowing' low alarms experts","creator":"","pubDate":"Mon, 18 Sep 2023 08:04:28 +0000","contentSnippet":"Missing winter sea ice signals changes that could be a \"disaster for the world\", scientists say.","link":"https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-66724246?at_medium=RSS&at_campaign=KARANGA","enclosure":null},{"title":"Insectes : aux sources de leur vertigineux déclin","creator":"Rédacteur","pubDate":"Mon, 18 Sep 2023 08:03:53 +0000","contentSnippet":"Destruction des habitats, pesticides, changement climatique… Les insectes sont soumis à une épreuve d'autant plus rude qu'ils sont aussi menacés par l'arrivée d'espèces invasives. Les programmes de science participative se multiplient pour prévenir la disparition de ces gardiens de la biodiversité.","link":"https://www.sciencesetavenir.fr/animaux/arthropodes/insectes-aux-sources-de-leur-vertigineux-declin_173513?xtor=RSS-26","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://www.sciencesetavenir.fr/assets/img/2023/08/31/cover-r4x3w1200-64f088283f5e1-1389-71862-k2-k1-178153-jpg.jpg"}},{"title":"Température de l'océan : un seul degré de plus suffit à faire exploser les ouragans !","creator":"Karine Durand, Spécialiste météo extrême et environnement","pubDate":"Mon, 18 Sep 2023 08:00:24 +0000","contentSnippet":"D'après une nouvelle étude de l'Université de Maynooth, il suffit seulement d'1 °C de plus dans l'océan Atlantique pour que les ouragans déversent +140 % de précipitations sur Terre !","link":"https://www.futura-sciences.com/planete/actualites/ouragans-temperature-ocean-seul-degre-plus-suffit-faire-exploser-ouragans-103901/#xtor%3DRSS-8","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpg","url":"https://cdn.futura-sciences.com/buildsv6/images/wide1920/4/e/3/4e3484462a_50206458_ouragans-temperatures-ocean.jpg"}},{"title":"Afrique du Sud : des vagues hors normes frappent les côtes du Cap","creator":"Sciences et Avenir avec AFP","pubDate":"Mon, 18 Sep 2023 07:58:42 +0000","contentSnippet":"Les vagues hors normes ont atteint quatre mètres en moyenne : sur les côtes touristiques proches du Cap, de fortes marées conjuguées à des vents violents ont provoqué une puissante houle au cours du week-end, l'eau dépassant les digues et inondant par endroits rues et maisons.","link":"https://www.sciencesetavenir.fr/nature-environnement/afrique-du-sud-des-vagues-hors-normes-frappent-les-cotes-du-cap_173858?xtor=RSS-15","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://www.sciencesetavenir.fr/assets/img/2023/09/17/cover-r4x3w1200-6507568e6ceee-3a49be917d0e75a7f8b075838479ebd3f856f156-jpg.jpg"}},{"title":"Canicule : été catastrophique dans le Nord-Vienne, de nombreux ruisseaux à sec","creator":"","pubDate":"Mon, 18 Sep 2023 07:40:07 +0000","contentSnippet":"La fédération de pêche de la Vienne alerte sur la situation des cours d'eau dans le département. En raison de la canicule, ils sont nombreux à être à sec, ce qui a de graves conséquences sur l'écosystème local.","link":"https://www.francebleu.fr/infos/environnement/canicule-ete-catastrophique-dans-le-nord-vienne-de-nombreux-ruisseaux-a-sec-9535881#xtor=RSS-145","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://www.francebleu.fr/s3/cruiser-production/2023/09/6840e836-aa61-4fc6-a830-6cc9ced7a954/920x517_sc_thumbnail-img-1592.jpg"}},{"title":"Huit limites planétaires seront bientôt dépassées sur neuf : une Terre dans un état « effrayant »","creator":"","pubDate":"Sun, 17 Sep 2023 00:49:41 +0000","contentSnippet":"Six des neuf limites planétaires sont dépassés, et deux autres vont probablement suivre le même chemin.","link":"https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/environnement/article/huit-limites-planetaires-seront-bientot-depassees-sur-neuf-une-terre-dans-un-etat-effrayant-clx1_222924.html","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://huffpost-focus.sirius.press/2023/09/13/482/0/3683/2071/0/0/60/0/1f97ecf_1694616976995-pexels-guduru-ajay-bhargav-948270.jpg"}},{"title":"Un test permet de savoir si vous avez subi une IVG médicamenteuse","creator":"Slate.fr","pubDate":"Sat, 16 Sep 2023 15:56:02 +0000","contentSnippet":"Cette invention polonaise devrait hélas inspirer d'autres pays anti-avortement. Lire la suite","link":"https://www.slate.fr/story/253233/pilule-abortive-detectable-test-pologne-ivg-avortement-medicamenteuse","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://www.slate.fr/sites/default/files/styles/1440x600/public/julia-koblitz-4asrcvtjytw-unsplash.jpg"}},{"title":"The food industry pays 'influencer’ dietitians to shape your eating habits","creator":"","pubDate":"Fri, 15 Sep 2023 12:49:05 +0000","contentSnippet":"Video: The Washington Post/The Examination\n\n\n\nThis report is a joint investigation by The Examination and The Washington Post.\nAs the World Health Organization raised questions this summer about the risks of a popular artificial sweetener, a new hashtag began spreading on the social media accounts of health professionals: #safetyofaspartame. \nSteph Grasso, a registered dietitian from Oakton, Va., used the hashtag and told her 2.2 million followers on TikTok that the WHO warnings about artificial sweeteners were “clickbait” based on “low-quality science.” \nAnother dietitian, Cara Harbstreet of Kansas City, reassured her Instagram followers not to worry about “fear mongering headlines” about aspartame because “the evidence doesn’t suggest there’s a reason for concern.” \nIn a third video, Mary Ellen Phipps, a Houston-area dietitian who specializes in diabetes care, sipped from a glass of soda and told her Instagram viewers that artificial sweeteners “satisfy the desire for sweetness” without affecting blood sugar or insulin levels.\n\n\nWe’re continuing to report on nutrition influencers on social media, and we need your help. Fill out this form to tell us what you know. You can also reach out to us on Signal at +1-917-856-1745 or or send us an email.\n\n\nWhat these dietitians didn’t make clear was that they were paid to post the videos by American Beverage, a trade and lobbying group representing Coca-Cola, PepsiCo and other companies. \nIn all, at least 35 posts  from a dozen health professionals were part of the coordinated campaign by American Beverage. The trade group paid an undisclosed amount to 10 registered dietitians, as well as a physician and a fitness influencer, to use their social media accounts to help blunt the WHO’s claims that aspartame, a mainstay of Diet Coke and other sodas, is ineffective for weight loss and “possibly carcinogenic.” \nThe campaign, which the beverage group acknowledged organizing, highlighted a little-known tactic the multi-billion dollar food and beverage industry is using to sway consumers faced with often-contradictory health messages about popular products. \nThe food, beverage, and dietary supplement industries are paying dozens of registered dietitians that collectively have millions of social media followers to help sell products and deliver industry-friendly messages on Instagram and TikTok, according to an analysis by The Examination and The Washington Post.\nThe analysis of thousands of posts found that companies and industry groups paid dietitians for content that encouraged viewers to eat candy and ice cream, downplayed the health risks of highly processed foods and pushed unproven supplements  – messages that run counter to decades of scientific evidence about healthy eating. The review found that among 68 dietitians with 10,000 or more social media followers on TikTok or Instagram, about half had promoted food, beverages or supplements to their combined 11 million followers within the last year. \n\n\nThe hashtag #safetyofaspartame has been spreading on the social media accounts of health professionals.\nWhile some dietitians noted in their social media posts that they were part of paid partnerships, their relationships with the food industry were in many cases not made explicit to viewers, the analysis found. The Federal Trade Commission advises all social media influencers to be clear about who is paying them for promotions. \nThe strategy of enlisting dietitians on social media has allowed the industry to extend its vast reach and promote often questionable nutrition advice to new generations of teenage and Gen Z eaters and millennial parents accustomed to finding news and health advice on social media. By paying registered dietitians – health professionals who specialize in nutrition – the food industry is moving beyond the world of ordinary online influencers to harness the prestige of credentialed experts to deliver commercial messages.\n“They’re getting these dietitians to essentially do their marketing for them,” said Marlene Schwartz, the director of the University of Connecticut’s Rudd Center for Food Policy and Health. \nAmerican Beverage said the dietitians who participated in its campaign adequately disclosed their relationships to the trade association by flagging the posts as paid partnerships or listing the #safetyofaspartame hashtag or the safetyofaspartame.com website, which includes the American Beverage logo at the bottom of the page. Out of 35 videos, 11 specifically named the association or “AmeriBev” as the partner at the time the videos were first posted, according to the beverage group.\nA spokesman said the campaign was warranted because the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and other health authorities have said aspartame is safe and disagreed with the WHO’s warnings.\n“The registered dietitians and nutritionists we relied on shared their own informed opinions when communicating the facts to their audiences, and were up front about being paid,” said William Dermody, an American Beverage spokesman.\n\n\n\nGrasso declined to comment. Harbstreet and Phipps didn't respond to phone calls, emails and a letter. After inquiries from The Examination and The Post, Harbstreet’s Instagram posts were changed to include “Paid Partnership with AmeriBev.”\nIn comments on several of the posts, viewers expressed confusion about who sponsored the videos and whether the dietitians were being paid to defend aspartame. \nIn the video that Phipps posted on her Instagram account “milknhoneynutrition,” she included the phrases “Paid partnership,” #ad and #safetyofaspartame. When a viewer posted a comment on the video asking Phipps who her “paid partner” was, Phipps acknowledged it was American Beverage and said any suggestion that “I would compromise my professional ethics for money is insulting.”\nAnother commenter replied, “You’re insulted, but I’m disillusioned.”\nEncouraging followers to eat sugar and candy\nMost of the 78,000 dietitians and nutritionists in the United States aren’t social media influencers. Many work in hospitals, departments of health, and private practices, and their median annual salary is $66,450, according to 2022 data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics.\nWhile the dietitian influencers contacted for this article wouldn’t say how much they are paid for sponsored posts, several said that companies generally pay a few thousand dollars per video and that offers could be as high as tens of thousands of dollars for creators with the biggest social media audiences. \nRegistered dietitian Lindsay Pleskot, of Vancouver, British Columbia, has posted videos of herself eating ice cream and peanut butter cups while telling people that denying themselves sugary food will only make cravings worse. \nThese and other posts were paid for by the Canadian Sugar Institute. The trade group, which is funded by sugar producers, includes the videos on its Instagram page. \nIn one video, Pleskot held a glazed donut and chocolate chip cookie, and she mocked advice to reduce sugar intake. She said the “best” ways to cut sugar are “with a knife, with my hands, even with my teeth.” \nIn the description next to the video, she wrote, “dietitian approved.” \nLater in the post, it said “(AD),” to indicate it was a paid advertisement. After inquiries about the partnership, the posts were updated with “CdnSugarNutr,” which is the instagram account for the Canadian Sugar Institute. \nIn an email, Pleskot said she “initially” had concerns about working with the sugar group, but that she has full control over her posts, which reflect her belief in “removing guilt and shame around food.”  She wrote that “all collaborative content has been the same messaging I have shared organically for years.”  \n“My integrity is most important to me,” she said.\nAnother dietitian with a large social media following, Jenn Messina, of North Vancouver, posted a video on Instagram where she added a lollipop to a dinner plate. She told parents the strategy will “prevent sweets obsession” and help kids develop healthier relationships with food. In another Instagram video, she told parents they can make Halloween less stressful by allowing kids to eat as much candy as they want when they’re done trick-or-treating.\n“This helps decrease the stash and makes it less of a ‘big deal,’” she wrote in the text alongside the video. “Yes, they may barf. That’s a great life lesson.” \nMessina also was paid by the Canadian Sugar Institute, which she disclosed on her posts and in an interview. Messina said that, while her advice is “nontraditional,” her goal is to help parents. \nThe U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has said that too much added sugar can contribute to obesity, type 2 diabetes and heart disease. \nMessina declined to say how much the sugar institute pays her for sponsored videos. She said she pitches ideas for videos to the institute but has “full say” on what she posts. “I don’t work with any industries that tell me what to say or how to say it – it has to be 100 percent my voice, or I won’t do it,” she said. \nSince last year, the sugar group has paid at least a dozen registered dietitians to post videos about sugar on Instagram. \n“If your kiddo is obsessed with sweets they likely need MORE access to sweets rather than LESS,” Messina wrote in one sponsored Instagram post. \nThe Canadian Sugar Institute said dietitians often come to the group for help expanding their reach and that the institute does not tell them what to say. \n“As with any dietitian activity, social media posts are based on each dietitian’s authentic interests, experience and independent evaluation of the evidence,” said Chiara DiAngelo, a registered dietitian and director of nutrition communications for the sugar institute, in an email.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nThe analysis by The Examination and The Post also found that dietitians have been paid to tout the benefits of dietary supplements that lack scientific consensus, including products like collagen supplements promoted for skin, nail and joint health; detox teas that claim to help the body expel toxins; and capsules marketed for “mitochondrial health.” \nCinthia Scott, an Augusta, Georgia-area dietitian who has more than 300,000 followers on Instagram, encourages parents to give what she calls “brain boosting” omega-3 fatty acid supplements to children as young as 6 months old. In the text adjacent to her post Scott wrote, “Paid partnership with carlsonlabs.” Carlson Labs is an Illinois-based supplement company. \nThe American Academy of Pediatrics warns that such supplements are not approved by the FDA. “Their contents may not match what is listed on the label,”  the academy says. “Adverse events are not always reported either.” \nSchwartz, the University of Connecticut nutrition expert, said she found it “particularly egregious” that a dietitian would try to convince parents to give their children unproven supplements. “It’s just so incredibly unfair to parents who are trying to get clear information,” she said. \nCarlson said the dietitians it sponsors make their own assessments before giving endorsements. “Carlson is committed to partnering with knowledgeable and respected professionals in relevant fields who use their expertise ethically and transparently,” the company said in a statement. Scott did not respond to emails, phone calls and a letter. \n\n\n\nLack of clear disclosure ‘bad for consumers’\nRegulators have struggled to keep up with the rapid rise of the online influence industry, experts say. \nThe Federal Trade Commission instructs influencers who are paid to create sponsored messages to say clearly in both their videos and in the text of their posts that they have a financial relationship with the brand they’re promoting. \n\n\nOne example of how a paid partnership was disclosed on a TikTok video post.\nFew of the dietitians in the analysis said in their actual videos that their posts were advertisements. Instead, in the text accompanying their videos, they used terms like #ad, #sponsored or “Paid partnership.” \nMichael Ostheimer, an attorney for the FTC’s division of advertising practices, said a key test is whether the sponsorship would surprise consumers and affect their opinion of the message’s credibility – what the agency refers to as an “unexpected material connection.”\n Of the 33 dietitians who posted paid content to their millions of followers, about half (17)did not clearly disclose their sponsorships in at least one of their posts. Another two placed disclosures deep in the descriptions.\nAmerican Beverage’s campaign with dietitians is a case that would require clear disclosure, according to Bonnie Patten, executive director of Truth in Advertising, a nonprofit group that combats deceptive marketing. \n“Would you expect that a dietitian would be partnering with the soda industry?” Patten asked. “Those are the most important kinds of disclosures that we need.” \nIn 2020 the FTC sent 10 warning letters to influencers, including rapper Cardi B, for not disclosing paid social media ads for a tea marketer. The tea company agreed to pay $1 million to settle charges that it misled consumers and didn’t adequately disclose payments to social media influencers. \nBut aside from periodic sweeps against deceptive conduct, the commission does not have the resources to comprehensively enforce behavior within a continually expanding online marketplace, said David Vladeck, former head of the commission’s bureau of consumer protection and now a Georgetown University law professor. \n\n\nComments on social media posts show confusion about what paid sponsorships mean.\n“When you don’t have sufficient enforcement, companies think they can get away with it,” Vladeck said. “No one on either side of the table thinks the FTC has the resources to really police this marketplace. And that’s bad for consumers.” \nThe Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, the trade group that oversees registered dietitians, has a code of ethics that says that dietitians should disclose conflicts of interest and avoid “accepting gifts or services which potentially influence or which may give the appearance of influencing professional judgment.” \nLauri Wright, the academy’s president, said the group educates its members “so that dietitians know what that line is and how not to cross that line.”\nThe academy has a board of ethics that reviews allegations that dietitians have violated its ethical code and can impose penalties, including revoking a dietitian’s license if it finds that a violation took place. So far, the board has not received any complaints about social media activities, Wright said.\nClose ties between the food industry and dietitians\nThe food and beverage industry has for years nurtured a close relationship with the academy, which has accepted millions of dollars in donations from leading producers of soda, candy and ultra-processed foods, including Coca-Cola, PepsiCo and Nestlé. \nThe academy has allowed these companies to provide continuing education courses to its dietitians and has invested in food industry stocks. Two of the academy’s current sponsors are American Beverage and Tate & Lyle, one of the world’s largest producers of high-fructose corn syrup and other sweeteners. \nSome dietitians have questioned the relationship between the academy and big food and beverage companies. In response to a 2013 report that investigated the academy’s industry ties, more than a dozen registered dietitians formed Dietitians For Professional Integrity, a group that advocated against what members saw as compromising financial ties to the food industry.\nAlthough the group raised these concerns from dietitians directly with the academy – an early petition garnered over 24,000 signatures – the group disbanded in 2018.\n“Fundamentally, I think it really fell on deaf ears throughout the time that we were advocating for this cause with the academy,” said one of the group’s cofounders, Elizabeth Lee, a registered dietitian and health educator at Stanford Medicine.\nWright, the president of the nutrition academy, said in an email that its leaders “communicated often” with Dietitians for Professional Integrity when the group was still active, and that the academy has a “stringent process for reviewing, approving and rejecting potential corporate sponsors.”  She said sponsorships represent less than seven percent of the academy’s revenue, and that “sponsors do not influence the academy’s positions.\"\nIn the vetting system for sponsors, the academy looks “at the mix of products\" a company sells, Wright said. The beverage industry “sells so much more than just soda.\" \nPaid partnerships with food brands and industry groups\nDietitians who boast large social media followings said that brands are eager to recruit them, flooding them with offers to pitch products.\n\nAmong the most popular is Grasso, with a combined following of 2.4 million on TikTok and Instagram. In her videos, she dances and lip syncs to pop music while preparing recipes or dresses in different outfits, such as red for blood sugar or blue for insulin, to explain nutrition concepts. Her goal, Grasso writes on her website, is to use her “expertise and comedy to provide evidence-based nutrition advice and debunk trending nutrition myths.”\nGrasso has parlayed her popularity into endorsement deals with numerous food and dietary supplement companies. \nIn recent months, she has posted sponsored TikTok and Instagram videos for brands including Barilla pasta, Bush’s Beans, KIND Snacks, Orgain collagen powders, Hint Water flavored beverages, and Tree Top apple sauce. In these ads, Grasso flagged the posts as paid partnerships and tagged the brands in her captions. \nShana Minei Spence, a dietitian with more than 265,000 followers on Instagram, eats pizza, French fries and ice cream in her social media videos to illustrate that no foods should be stigmatized. Spence, who works for the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, describes herself as “pro-processed foods.” \nSpence said she partners with companies that share her values and turns down about 90 percent of sponsorship offers she receives. “I work in marginalized and food insecure neighborhoods, which is why I am passionate about de-stigmatizing processed foods,” she wrote in an email.\nSpence said she has been paid by the Japanese multinational food company Ajinomoto for a video debunking concerns about the flavor enhancer MSG. Spence didn’t say in the video that the message was sponsored. The caption says #AjiPartner. A spokesperson for Ajinomoto said that dietitians were essential to its campaign because of their “ability to communicate science credibly.” \nSpence has also posted on TikTok for a Dave’s Killer Bread snack bar. “Just keep them at your desk,” she said. In the caption she wrote #ad, the brand name tagged the post as a “Paid partnership.” Dave’s Killer Bread did not respond to questions.\n In April 2022, PepsiCo paid Spence to teach a webinar to other dietitians entitled “Unpacking Preconceptions About Packaged Foods,” she said. Registered dietitians who participated received continuing education credits. \nIn the webinar, Spence disputed health concerns about processed foods. “What we have to do as dietitians, as health professionals, is really debunk some of this information,” she told her listeners.\nIn an interview, Spence said PepsiCo had no role in shaping her presentation. She declined to say how much the company paid her for the event. PepsiCo didn’t respond to a request for comment.\nMonica D’Agostino, a New York dietitian with more than 740,000 followers on TikTok, said in one video that she gets a barrage of offers to pitch “greens powders,” dietary supplements that are widely promoted with unproven claims and haven’t been well studied.\n\nIn her video, D’Agostino said she would never “blindly promote” the powders because the blends of ingredients aren't always clear. She jokingly lamented her professional ethics, “because there is a check behind those powders.” \nD’Agostino, who didn’t respond to requests for comment, said in the video that if she took the money she was offered to promote the supplements, she could afford to buy eight $1,450 designer Saint Laurent handbags and give $549 Apple Airpods Maxes to twenty of her friends.\n“I could be like Oprah with my friends: One for you, one for you, one for you,” D’Agostino said. “This is just me showing you – there is money behind those greens powders that are being marketed to you.”\nAbout this story\nThis report is a joint investigation by The Examination and The Washington Post. Story editing by Raquel Rutledge, Craig Timberg and Tara Parker-Pope. Data editing by Meghan Hoyer. Copy editing by Melissa Ngo. Video by Alexa Juliana Ard. Video animations by Brian Monroe. Video editing by Neeti Upadhye. Design by Chelsea Conrad. Design editing by Christian Font. Data fact-checking by Hayden Godfrey from the Investigative Reporting Workshop at American University.\n\n\nThe Examination and The Post analysis included registered dietitians on Instagram and TikTok who used “Registered Dietitian,” “RD” or “RDN” in their account name or social media bio as of July 2023 (social media users can adjust these fields at any time). The analysis included only those who had at least 10,000 followers (the lower threshold for what is typically considered a “micro-influencer”), had created at least 10 posts over the last year, and had posted English-language content.\n\nThis identified 68 influencers. Reporters archived all posts between July 1, 2022, and Aug. 1, 2023, generating a database of over 6,000 pieces of content.\n\nTwo reporters separately reviewed each influencer’s posts to identify instances when the dietitian at least once promoted a product, brand or industry-sponsored message. This included using a “Paid Partnership” tag on the post, mentioning personalized discount codes or writing “#ad” or “#sponsored” in the post description. These criteria were selected based on the Federal Trade Commission’s guidelines for social media influencers.\n\nReporters manually reviewed feeds and defined posts as having an unclear disclosure if the post (1) was promotional but had no clear disclosure, (2) was labeled as an ad but the brand sponsoring the post was unclear (e.g. the use of a vague “partner” tag instead of a brand mention), or (3) had a sponsorship disclosure but the “ad” mention was placed deep in the description of the post.","link":"https://www.theexamination.org/articles/the-food-industry-pays-influencer-dietitians-to-shape-your-eating-habits","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/gif","url":"https://a.storyblok.com/f/212662/676x451/474f6c370c/dietitian-influencers.gif"}},{"title":"Shrinking fish drive decline in size of animal and plant species, says study","creator":"Patrick Greenfield","pubDate":"Fri, 15 Sep 2023 12:37:38 +0000","contentSnippet":"Analysis of thousands of species finds some invertebrates and plants also getting smaller, while others are increasing in body size\nA global analysis of thousands of animal and plant sizes has found that species are shrinking, an effect most clearly found by researchers in changes to the body size of fish, which are getting smaller.\nSpecies such as the thorny skate, a north Atlantic fish that can grow up to a metre in length, have become smaller, while smaller-bodied species such as mackerel are growing in abundance, according to the researchers, changing the composition and functioning of ecosystems.\n Continue reading...","link":"https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/sep/07/climate-change-drives-shrinking-size-fish-invertebrates-plants-science-aoe","enclosure":null},{"title":"In our blood: how the US allowed toxic chemicals to seep into our lives","creator":"Kyle Bagenstose","pubDate":"Fri, 15 Sep 2023 12:30:42 +0000","contentSnippet":"Experts say that the majority of the 86,000 consumer chemicals registered with the Environmental Protection Agency have never received vigorous toxicity testing\n• This article is co-published with the Examination, a new non-profit newsroom specializing in global health reporting\nFor decades, it was the secret behind the magic show of homemaking across the US. Applied to a pan, it could keep a fried egg from sticking to the surface. Soaked into a carpet, it could shrug off spills of red wine. Sprayed onto shoes and coats, it could keep the kids dry on a rainy day.\nBut the most clandestine maneuver of perfluorooctanoic acid, or PFOA, was much less endearing: seeping into the blood and organs of hundreds of millions of people who used products containing the chemical.\n Continue reading...","link":"https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/sep/13/us-environmental-protection-agency-failed-policy-consumer-chemicals","enclosure":null},{"title":"Toxic chemicals banned by EU since Brexit still in use in UK","creator":"Helena Horton Environment reporter","pubDate":"Fri, 15 Sep 2023 12:27:18 +0000","contentSnippet":"Exclusive: EU restricts use of eight chemicals, with 16 more in pipeline; UK has two under consideration\nSeveral toxic chemicals that have been banned in the EU since Brexit are still allowed to be used in the UK, it can be revealed, as campaigners say the lower standards are putting public health at risk.\nThe UK has not been part of the EU’s chemicals regulations scheme since 2021 and instead has its own, called Reach. Eight rules restricting the use of hazardous chemicals have been adopted by the EU since Brexit, and 16 more are in the pipeline. The UK has not banned any substances in that time and is considering just two restrictions, on lead ammunition and harmful substances in tattoo ink.\n Continue reading...","link":"https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/sep/15/toxic-chemicals-banned-by-eu-since-brexit-still-in-use-in-uk","enclosure":null},{"title":"Quelles sont les 9 limites planétaires, dont 6 sont franchies ?","creator":"Marcus Dupont-Besnard","pubDate":"Fri, 15 Sep 2023 12:02:46 +0000","contentSnippet":"9 limites planétaires, liées à des processus naturels, ont été établies : plus on en dépasse, plus on met en danger la viabilité de la planète pour l'humanité. Six des neuf limites planétaires ont été officiellement franchies. \n [Lire la suite]\nAbonnez-vous aux newsletters Numerama pour recevoir l’essentiel de l’actualité https://www.numerama.com/newsletter/","link":"https://www.numerama.com/sciences/1502678-quelles-sont-les-9-limites-planetaires.html","enclosure":null},{"title":"Rapport choc : 92 % des Européens ont du BPA dans leur organisme !","creator":"Futura avec ETX Daily Up","pubDate":"Fri, 15 Sep 2023 12:02:26 +0000","contentSnippet":"Le bisphénol A (BPA) est interdit en Europe dans tous les matériaux entrant en contact avec les aliments des bébés. Cependant, l'exposition des humains à cette substance chimique est omniprésente et sa présence dans les autres objets de notre quotidien est constamment surveillée en raison de sa...","link":"https://www.futura-sciences.com/sante/actualites/medecine-rapport-choc-92-europeens-ont-bpa-leur-organisme-107687/#xtor%3DRSS-8","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpg","url":"https://cdn.futura-sciences.com/buildsv6/images/wide1920/4/3/5/435536fc78_50206417_supermarche-consommation-bisphenol-canette.jpg"}},{"title":"Sombre avenir pour les bourdons d'Europe","creator":"Sciences et Avenir avec AFP","pubDate":"Fri, 15 Sep 2023 10:16:24 +0000","contentSnippet":"Les 68 espèces de bourdons européens sont majoritairement adaptées aux climats tempérés ou froids de l'hémisphère nord. Elles sont menacées par le changement climatique.","link":"https://www.sciencesetavenir.fr/animaux/arthropodes/sombre-avenir-pour-les-bourdons-d-europe_173801?xtor=RSS-26","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://www.sciencesetavenir.fr/assets/img/2023/09/13/cover-r4x3w1200-6501de2d81b46-d5b6e38e39ba5733d3b8921f29bf5e99600526b7-jpg.jpg"}},{"title":"Microplastics Infiltrate Every Organ, Including Brain, Study in Mice Shows","creator":"Carly Cassella","pubDate":"Fri, 15 Sep 2023 08:07:45 +0000","contentSnippet":"And it changed their behavior.","link":"https://www.sciencealert.com/microplastics-infiltrate-every-organ-including-brain-study-in-mice-shows","enclosure":null},{"title":"Une étude révèle que les inondations centennales vont devenir annuelles","creator":"Nathalie Mayer, Journaliste","pubDate":"Fri, 15 Sep 2023 07:49:29 +0000","contentSnippet":"Alors que l’actualité est marquée par les incroyables inondations qui ont ravagé la Libye, des chercheurs publient de nouveaux résultats inquiétants. Les inondations centennales vont devenir de plus en plus fréquentes. Mais des solutions d’adaptation pourraient être trouvées.","link":"https://www.futura-sciences.com/planete/actualites/rechauffement-climatique-etude-revele-inondations-centennales-vont-devenir-annuelles-77366/#xtor%3DRSS-8","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpg","url":"https://cdn.futura-sciences.com/buildsv6/images/wide1920/d/2/7/d27b8880c1_50206337_inondations-centennales.jpg"}},{"title":"L'envol des prix du riz préfigure les risques alimentaires liés au climat","creator":"AFP","pubDate":"Fri, 15 Sep 2023 07:48:00 +0000","contentSnippet":"Le prix du riz qui s'est envolé à son plus haut niveau depuis 15 ans, après les restrictions imposées par l'Inde sur les exportations de cette céréale, préfigure la façon dont le changement climatique va perturber l'approvisionnement alimentaire mondial, selon des experts. \nLes prix du riz ont bondi de 9,8% en août, annulant les baisses d'autres produits de base, a annoncé la semaine dernière l'Organisation des Nations unies pour l'alimentation et l'agriculture (FAO). \nC'est l'annonce en juillet par l'Inde, qui représente 40% des exportations mondiales de riz, d'une interdiction des ventes de riz non basmati à l'étranger, qui a mis le feu aux poudres.","link":"https://www.sciencesetavenir.fr/nature-environnement/l-envol-des-prix-du-riz-prefigure-les-risques-alimentaires-lies-au-climat_173832?xtor=RSS-15","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://www.sciencesetavenir.fr/assets/img/2023/09/15/cover-r4x3w1200-6503f80f4bbca-4530f09646d4ecd57c09806567931d3469927a93-jpg.jpg"}},{"title":"Virus du Nil occidental et Usutu : plusieurs cas autochtones confirmés en Nouvelle-Aquitaine","creator":"","pubDate":"Fri, 15 Sep 2023 07:34:28 +0000","contentSnippet":"Les virus du Nil occidental et Usutu, tous deux transmis par les moustiques de type « culex », circulent activement en Gironde et en Charente-Maritime","link":"https://www.sudouest.fr/sante/virus-du-nil-occidental-et-usutu-plusieurs-cas-autochtones-confirmes-en-nouvelle-aquitaine-16640305.php","enclosure":null},{"title":"A Summer of Record Heat Deals Costly Damage to Texas Water Systems","creator":"Dylan Baddour","pubDate":"Thu, 14 Sep 2023 09:38:43 +0000","contentSnippet":"As dry soils contract, underground pipes rupture—disrupting cities, frustrating conservation efforts, and highlighting the vulnerability of critical infrastructure to a warming climate.","link":"https://www.wired.com/story/a-summer-of-record-heat-deals-costly-damage-to-texas-water-systems/","enclosure":null},{"title":"Blue-Green Algae Is Filling Rivers With Toxic Sludge","creator":"Chris Baraniuk","pubDate":"Thu, 14 Sep 2023 09:37:52 +0000","contentSnippet":"Harmful algal blooms are taking over as the world warms and grows richer in carbon dioxide—and there’s no easy fix.","link":"https://www.wired.com/story/blue-green-algae-is-filling-rivers-with-toxic-sludge/","enclosure":null},{"title":"A Concrete Crisis Has the UK Literally Crumbling","creator":"Sabrina Weiss","pubDate":"Thu, 14 Sep 2023 09:33:04 +0000","contentSnippet":"Hundreds of schools, hospitals, and other public buildings made from RAAC, a cheap, lightweight concrete, have to close—the victims of quick fixes and decades of cost-cutting.","link":"https://www.wired.com/story/raac-concrete-crisis-uk-literally-crumbling/","enclosure":null},{"title":"Alerte rouge en Europe avec la découverte de milliers de fourmis de feu !","creator":"Nathalie Mayer, Journaliste","pubDate":"Thu, 14 Sep 2023 09:31:39 +0000","contentSnippet":"La fourmi de feu est considérée comme l’une des espèces les plus envahissantes au monde. Des scientifiques viennent de l’identifier en Europe.","link":"https://www.futura-sciences.com/planete/actualites/fourmis-alerte-rouge-europe-decouverte-milliers-fourmis-feu-107599/#xtor%3DRSS-8","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpg","url":"https://cdn.futura-sciences.com/buildsv6/images/wide1920/7/5/2/752c816bef_50206242_fourmi-rouge-invasion.jpg"}},{"title":"Même une faible consommation de soda peut influencer votre humeur, montre une étude coréenne","creator":"Claire Manière, Journaliste","pubDate":"Thu, 14 Sep 2023 09:31:05 +0000","contentSnippet":"Une nouvelle étude publiée dans Scientific Reports a porté sur des Coréens, qui consomment peu de boissons gazeuses sucrées par rapport au reste du monde. Les résultats n’en sont que plus surprenants, révélant également que le poids et la glycémie sont des facteurs indépendants de risque de...","link":"https://www.futura-sciences.com/sante/actualites/depression-meme-faible-consommation-soda-peut-influencer-votre-humeur-montre-etude-coreenne-107604/#xtor%3DRSS-8","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpg","url":"https://cdn.futura-sciences.com/buildsv6/images/wide1920/d/0/f/d0fd3f62cf_50206237_soda.jpg"}},{"title":"Plastiques compostables : la grande illusion écologique démasquée !","creator":"Futura avec ETX Daily Up","pubDate":"Thu, 14 Sep 2023 09:30:14 +0000","contentSnippet":"Les emballages en plastique compostable sont-ils une alternative véritablement plus responsable ? Mais à bien y regarder, à part nous donner bonne conscience, ils ne concourent pas à créer un cercle vertueux puisqu'ils ne sont ni recyclables ni biodégradables. L'Ademe met en évidence ces...","link":"https://www.futura-sciences.com/planete/actualites/pollution-plastique-plastiques-compostables-grande-illusion-ecologique-demasquee-107554/#xtor%3DRSS-8","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpg","url":"https://cdn.futura-sciences.com/buildsv6/images/wide1920/8/4/a/84af53d19d_50206163_iodegradable-compostable-jetable-gobelet-cup-09095f8c1c.jpg"}},{"title":"L’Antarctique aussi se réchauffe plus vite que le reste de la planète","creator":"Loïc Chauveau","pubDate":"Thu, 14 Sep 2023 09:28:23 +0000","contentSnippet":"Comme l’Arctique, le pôle Sud subit une augmentation de sa température plus rapide que dans les zones tropicales et tempérées. Baptisé \"amplification polaire\", ce phénomène devrait avoir une influence sur la hausse du niveau des mers.","link":"https://www.sciencesetavenir.fr/nature-environnement/climat/l-antarctique-aussi-se-rechauffe-plus-vite-que-le-reste-de-la-planete_173768?xtor=RSS-15","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://www.sciencesetavenir.fr/assets/img/2023/09/12/cover-r4x3w1200-65003adabf93b-27-5-png-1920x1080-q85-subsampling-2.jpg"}},{"title":"Des scientifiques produisent de l’électricité grâce à une bactérie dangereuse","creator":"","pubDate":"Thu, 14 Sep 2023 09:26:56 +0000","contentSnippet":"Has been, les éoliennes et les panneaux solaires ? Dans une étude publiée le 8 septembre, des chercheurs de l’École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) expliquent avoir trouvé un moyen original de produire de l’électricité, garanti sans métaux rares. Parmi les ingrédients clés : une bactérie potentiellement mortelle et les eaux usées d’une brasserie.","link":"https://usbeketrica.com/fr/article/des-scientifiques-produisent-de-l-electricite-grace-a-une-bacterie-modifiee","enclosure":null},{"title":"What if ‘ghosting’ people isn’t just rude, but psychologically harmful? | Nancy Jo Sales","creator":"Nancy Jo Sales","pubDate":"Thu, 14 Sep 2023 09:15:40 +0000","contentSnippet":"A study found that 76% of people dating have either ghosted or been ghosted. Why is this considered acceptable?\nWhen The Banshees of Inisherin became such a hit last year, I couldn’t help wondering if one of the reasons it was resonating so powerfully was that – despite being set on a fictional island off the coast of Ireland in the 1920s – it was essentially about ghosting. A man stops talking to his friend without explanation, and the emotional fallout is devastating.\nIn the 1920s, ghosting a close friend would indeed have been shocking. Ghosting as a social move was pretty much unheard of into the 2000s. Remember that 2003 episode of Sex and the City where Carrie is outraged that Jack Berger breaks up with her via Post-it note? “I’m sorry. I can’t. Don’t hate me,” says the offending scrap of paper.\nNancy Jo Sales is the author, most recently, of Nothing Personal: My Secret Life in the Dating App Inferno\n Continue reading...","link":"https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2023/sep/11/what-if-ghosting-people-isnt-just-rude-but-psychologically-harmful","enclosure":null},{"title":"Eau potable dans la Vienne : l'impossible équation pour se débarrasser du chlorothalonil, un fongicide","creator":"","pubDate":"Wed, 13 Sep 2023 09:19:42 +0000","contentSnippet":"Le syndicat Eaux de Vienne alerte sur la difficulté de traiter la problématique de la présence du chlorothalonil dans l'eau potable. Face à ce résidu de fongicide, interdit d'utilisation depuis 2020, il affirme être \"sans solutions\".","link":"https://www.francebleu.fr/infos/environnement/eau-potable-dans-la-vienne-l-impossible-equation-pour-se-debarrasser-du-chlorothalonil-un-fongicide-7540716#xtor=RSS-145","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://www.francebleu.fr/s3/cruiser-production/2023/09/62c23e91-be25-4ab8-acae-15e5cc19b623/920x517_sc_sc_832329-0lxy6jq38h-whr.jpg"}},{"title":"Les milliards de tonnes de sable arrachées à la mer menacent l'environnement, alerte l'ONU","creator":"AFP","pubDate":"Thu, 07 Sep 2023 12:18:06 +0000","contentSnippet":"Quelque six milliards de tonnes de sable sont arrachées chaque année aux océans, une exploitation à la limite de ce qui est soutenable et avec des conséquences dramatiques pour l'environnement et la biodiversité marine, a alerté l'ONU mardi. \nC'est la première fois que les Nations unies parviennent à faire une telle estimation, et ce grâce à l'intelligence artificielle et au système automatique d'identification des navires permettant de les localiser et d'analyser leurs déplacements et activités à travers le monde. \nL'analyse, lancée par la division scientifique du Programme des Nations-Unies pour l'Environnement (PNUE), n'en est qu'à ses débuts, et seuls 50% des navires sont pour l'instant suivis.","link":"https://www.sciencesetavenir.fr/nature-environnement/les-milliards-de-tonnes-de-sable-arrachees-a-la-mer-menacent-l-environnement-alerte-l-onu_173635?xtor=RSS-15","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://www.sciencesetavenir.fr/assets/img/2023/09/05/cover-r4x3w1200-64f7987a2bac1-da1f4de2137051c52bb99c76c8bef383eb50ee7c-jpg.jpg"}},{"title":"Les vagues de chaleur concoctent une \"potion diabolique\" de polluants","creator":"AFP","pubDate":"Thu, 07 Sep 2023 12:16:06 +0000","contentSnippet":"Les vagues de chaleur, plus intenses et plus fréquentes à cause du changement climatique, concoctent une \"potion diabolique\" de polluants qui menacent les humains et tous les êtres vivants, a averti l'ONU mercredi. \nSi les nappes de fumée provoquées par les feux de forêt qui ont étouffé Athènes ou New York cet été sont la partie la plus visible de la pollution atmosphérique provoquée par les vagues de chaleurs, elles induisent aussi toute une série de processus chimiques plus insidieux et dangereux pour la santé. \n\"Les vagues de chaleur détériorent la qualité de l'air, avec des répercussions sur la santé humaine, les écosystèmes, l'agriculture et même notre vie quotidienne\", a souligné Petteri Taalas, le Secrétaire général de l'Organisation météorologique mondiale, à l'occasion de la publication du Bulletin sur la qualité de l'air et du climat.","link":"https://www.sciencesetavenir.fr/nature-environnement/les-vagues-de-chaleur-concoctent-une-potion-diabolique-de-polluants_173645?xtor=RSS-15","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://www.sciencesetavenir.fr/assets/img/2023/09/06/cover-r4x3w1200-64f847198c723-17e2af58f71dd9f0448eec03e52cfef7ceb0c3b3-jpg.jpg"}},{"title":"Ce phénomène va amener plus d’eau chaude en Arctique et accélérer la fonte des glaces","creator":"Karine Durand, Spécialiste météo extrême et environnement","pubDate":"Thu, 07 Sep 2023 11:44:57 +0000","contentSnippet":"Le dipôle arctique est un phénomène naturel qui se produit par phase et qui conditionne la fonte des glaces du pôle nord. Mais la fin de la phase en cours, et l'installation d'une nouvelle très prochainement, aura des effets majeurs sur la vitesse de fonte. D'autant plus lorsque le réchauffement...","link":"https://www.futura-sciences.com/planete/actualites/meteorologie-ce-phenomene-va-amener-plus-eau-chaude-arctique-accelerer-fonte-glaces-107471/#xtor%3DRSS-8","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpg","url":"https://cdn.futura-sciences.com/buildsv6/images/wide1920/2/3/0/2309da9c85_50205994_iceland-4058262-1920.jpg"}},{"title":"A Flesh-Eating Bacterium Is Creeping North as Oceans Warm","creator":"Maryn McKenna","pubDate":"Thu, 07 Sep 2023 11:34:42 +0000","contentSnippet":"The Vibrio vulnificus pathogen thrives in hot coastal waters, and beachgoers can contract it via a small cut or scrape. It can also kill them in two days.","link":"https://www.wired.com/story/a-flesh-eating-bacterium-is-creeping-north-as-oceans-warm/","enclosure":null},{"title":"Air pollution speeds progression of lung diseases, UK study finds","creator":"Gary Fuller","pubDate":"Tue, 05 Sep 2023 11:24:49 +0000","contentSnippet":"Study adds to growing evidence that health harm from air pollution accumulates through our lifetimes\nA study of more than 250,000 people in the UK has shown how air pollution speeds up the progression of lung disease.\nMore air pollution in people’s home neighbourhoods led to a greater probability of developing one lung illness and then to increased likelihood of multiple illnesses and death. This adds to growing evidence that the health harm from air pollution accumulates through our lifetime.\n Continue reading...","link":"https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/aug/11/air-pollution-speeds-progression-of-lung-diseases-uk-study-finds","enclosure":null},{"title":"Return of El Niño raises risk of hunger, drought and malaria, scientists warn","creator":"Ajit Niranjan European environment correspondent","pubDate":"Tue, 05 Sep 2023 11:24:02 +0000","contentSnippet":"Hot natural weather pattern will exacerbate heat-related dangers brought about by climate crisis\nThe return of El Niño against the backdrop of the climate crisis will hurt people’s health in many parts of the world, scientists have warned.\nThe hot natural weather pattern is back after three years of its cooler sister, La Niña, the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) confirmed last month. As it grows stronger, scientists fear it will raise the risk in some countries of hunger, drought and malaria.\n Continue reading...","link":"https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/aug/10/return-of-el-nino-raises-risk-of-hunger-drought-and-malaria-scientists-warn","enclosure":null},{"title":"‘An utter disgrace’: 90% of England’s most precious river habitats blighted by raw sewage and farming pollution","creator":"Jon Ungoed-Thomas and Maximilian Jenz","pubDate":"Tue, 05 Sep 2023 11:23:06 +0000","contentSnippet":"Observer investigation reveals the shocking state of the country’s protected freshwater sites of special scientific interest\nMore than 90% of freshwater habitats on England’s most precious rivers are in unfavourable condition, blighted by farming pollution, raw sewage and water abstraction, an Observer investigation reveals.\nNone of the approximately 40 rivers with protected habitats in England are in overall good health, according to an analysis of government inspection reports. These include the River Avon in Hampshire, the Wensum in Norfolk and the Eden in Cumbria.\n Continue reading...","link":"https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/aug/12/an-utter-disgrace-90-of-englands-most-precious-river-habitats-blighted-by-raw-sewage-and-farming-pollution","enclosure":null},{"title":"The summer food went weird: searing heat reshapes US food production","creator":"Cecilia Nowell","pubDate":"Tue, 05 Sep 2023 11:06:44 +0000","contentSnippet":"From wilting wheat to stressed pollinators, US farmers and fishermen see unexpected climate effects\nThis week, farmers across the midwest are preparing for temperatures to reach 115F (46C) as a heat dome covers the region. After a tricky growing season – that seesawed between drought and unseasonably heavy rains – many midwestern farmers worry the extreme heat will scorch, or at least stunt, their already struggling crops.\nTo say it’s been a hot summer would be an understatement. According to Nasa scientists, July was the hottest month ever recorded. Off the coast of Florida, surface ocean temperatures soared over 101F, bleaching coral reefs. In Arizona, Phoenix residents sweated through a record 31 consecutive days above 110F. Even animals that spend much of their time in the sky, like birds, struggled to keep cool in the sweltering heat.\n Continue reading...","link":"https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/sep/02/farming-food-supply-climate-change-drought-rain","enclosure":null},{"title":"La hausse du nombre de mouches noires, insectes mordeurs, inquiète l'Espagne","creator":"Anne-Sophie Tassart","pubDate":"Tue, 05 Sep 2023 10:56:19 +0000","contentSnippet":"En Espagne, les mouches noires se multiplient à cause de la hausse des températures. Leurs morsures peuvent causer des allergies.","link":"https://www.sciencesetavenir.fr/animaux/arthropodes/la-mouche-noire-inquiete-l-espagne_173041?xtor=RSS-26","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://www.sciencesetavenir.fr/assets/img/2023/08/08/cover-r4x3w1200-64d219b8cad5e-sipa-51205231-000002.jpg"}},{"title":"Naguère destination estivale, le lac irakien d'Habbaniyah est devenu une \"mare\"","creator":"AFP","pubDate":"Tue, 05 Sep 2023 10:50:02 +0000","contentSnippet":"Foi de commerçant, Mohammed n'avait jamais vu un été aussi désastreux: la sécheresse qui rudoie l'Irak a considérablement réduit la taille du jadis majestueux lac Habbaniyah, dont les eaux saumâtres tiennent aujourd'hui à distance des estivants autrefois ravis d'y trouver un peu de fraîcheur. \nBouées, épuisettes, t-shirts. Mohammed a sorti ses meilleurs articles sur le pas de sa boutique, située à quelques dizaines de mètres du lac.","link":"https://www.sciencesetavenir.fr/nature-environnement/naguere-destination-estivale-le-lac-irakien-d-habbaniyah-est-devenu-une-mare_173126?xtor=RSS-15","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://www.sciencesetavenir.fr/assets/img/2023/08/14/cover-r4x3w1200-64d99cb29eafd-8afb6db2941c99ef2e642b2d0ed800a842bf5435-jpg.jpg"}},{"title":"Japon: le rejet de l'eau de Fukushima a commencé, la Chine renforce ses restrictions","creator":"AFP","pubDate":"Tue, 05 Sep 2023 10:45:58 +0000","contentSnippet":"Le Japon a commencé jeudi à rejeter en mer de l'eau issue de la centrale nucléaire accidentée de Fukushima, malgré les inquiétudes de ses pêcheurs et une vive opposition de Pékin, qui a immédiatement renforcé ses restrictions commerciales vis-à-vis de Tokyo. \nPékin a dénoncé jeudi une action \"égoïste et irresponsable\" de Tokyo et a suspendu toutes ses importations de produits de la mer japonais, en invoquant \"la sécurité alimentaire\".  \nEn juillet, la Chine avait déjà interdit l'importation de denrées de dix départements japonais, dont celui de Fukushima, et Hong Kong et Macao ont pris des mesures similaires plus tôt cette semaine.","link":"https://www.sciencesetavenir.fr/nature-environnement/eaux-de-fukushima-jour-j-pour-le-rejet-en-mer-controverse_173330?xtor=RSS-15","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://www.sciencesetavenir.fr/assets/img/2023/08/24/cover-r4x3w1200-64e6fa93249b4-e72a27d4f2e4a090595059638525cf3338701373-jpg.jpg"}},{"title":"En Alsace, \"la capitale de la choucroute\" craint pour ses choux","creator":"AFP","pubDate":"Tue, 05 Sep 2023 10:42:26 +0000","contentSnippet":"Précipitations en baisse et coûts de production en hausse: en Alsace, la capitale autoproclamée de la choucroute s'inquiète pour ses choux, assoiffés par le changement climatique. \nA une vingtaine de kilomètres au sud de Strasbourg, Krautergersheim la bien nommée (\"Kraut\" signifie \"chou\" dans les langues germaniques), déroule ses champs de choux à choucroute au pied des Vosges. \nLe village de 1.700 habitants s'enorgueillit d'une fontaine surmontée d'un chou vert.","link":"https://www.sciencesetavenir.fr/nature-environnement/en-alsace-la-capitale-de-la-choucroute-craint-pour-ses-choux_173559?xtor=RSS-15","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://www.sciencesetavenir.fr/assets/img/2023/09/01/cover-r4x3w1200-64f1555e645e9-0c2a9500a3f4883001f8a502795520c29542906d-jpg.jpg"}},{"title":"Comment répondre aux injonctions alimentaires et bien manger sans se prendre la tête avec sa fourchette","creator":"","pubDate":"Mon, 04 Sep 2023 07:44:51 +0000","contentSnippet":"Trop de sucre, de sel, de gras, pas assez de fer, plus de légumes, pas assez de fruits : passer à table requiert aujourd’hui un master en nutrition, en biologie et un porte-monnaie bien rempli. En plus","link":"https://www.sudouest.fr/bassins-de-vie/gironde/storyline-16445805.php","enclosure":null},{"title":"Le Gulf stream va-t-il s'effondrer ? Voici les différents scénarios des scientifiques","creator":"Karine Durand, Spécialiste météo extrême et environnement","pubDate":"Fri, 01 Sep 2023 11:52:00 +0000","contentSnippet":"Le réchauffement climatique va-t-il bouleverser la circulation océanique au point que le Gulf Stream s'effondre ? Les avis divergent selon les différentes études, avec des conclusions parfois catastrophistes, et d'autres fois plus rassurantes. Futura a fait le tour de la question des différents...","link":"https://www.futura-sciences.com/planete/actualites/meteorologie-gulf-stream-va-t-il-effondrer-voici-differents-scenarios-scientifiques-106884/#xtor%3DRSS-8","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpg","url":"https://cdn.futura-sciences.com/buildsv6/images/wide1920/3/9/b/39bc78fb1f_50205028_tempete-ocean.jpg"}},{"title":"Les 5 signes qui montrent que l'Antarctique change radicalement","creator":"Karine Durand, Spécialiste météo extrême et environnement","pubDate":"Fri, 01 Sep 2023 11:50:10 +0000","contentSnippet":"Le pôle sud subit de plein fouet les effets du réchauffement climatique depuis plusieurs décennies, avec une nette accélération depuis les années 2000. De là en découle une cascade de conséquences qui bouleversent le fonctionnement tout entier du continent antarctique et de son océan. Découvrez...","link":"https://www.futura-sciences.com/planete/actualites/rechauffement-climatique-5-signes-montrent-antarctique-change-radicalement-106985/#xtor%3DRSS-8","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpg","url":"https://cdn.futura-sciences.com/buildsv6/images/wide1920/2/e/5/2e55d3f20d_50205198_2-antarctique.jpg"}},{"title":"Uruguay : les habitants sont contraints de boire de l'eau salée","creator":"Camille Auchère, Journaliste junior","pubDate":"Fri, 01 Sep 2023 11:45:06 +0000","contentSnippet":"Va-t-on bientôt devoir boire de l’eau salée, faute d’eau douce ? C’est en tout cas la situation à laquelle sont confrontés les Uruguayens depuis le mois d’avril. Cela fait maintenant trois ans que le pays est touché par une sécheresse qui a fini par sérieusement entamer les réserves des nappes...","link":"https://www.futura-sciences.com/sante/breves/alimentation-uruguay-habitants-sont-contraints-boire-eau-salee-8659/#xtor%3DRSS-8","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpg","url":"https://cdn.futura-sciences.com/buildsv6/images/wide1920/2/8/5/28542002f2_50205411_eau-potable-robinet.jpg"}},{"title":"C’est la canicule en Amérique du Sud en plein hiver !","creator":"Karine Durand, Spécialiste météo extrême et environnement","pubDate":"Fri, 01 Sep 2023 11:38:00 +0000","contentSnippet":"L'Amérique du Sud traverse l'une des pires vagues de chaleur de son histoire, avec des températures 10 à 20 °C supérieures à la normale de l'époque. Comment expliquer une telle anomalie météo ?","link":"https://www.futura-sciences.com/planete/actualites/meteorologie-cest-canicule-amerique-sud-plein-hiver-106896/#xtor%3DRSS-8","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpg","url":"https://cdn.futura-sciences.com/buildsv6/images/wide1920/8/b/2/8b226f9caf_50205044_temperatures-elevees-andes.jpg"}},{"title":"La pollution de l’air tue plus que l’alcool ou l’eau insalubre","creator":"Stéphanie Le Guillou, Journaliste Santé","pubDate":"Fri, 01 Sep 2023 11:36:50 +0000","contentSnippet":"La pollution de l’air est un défi majeur, à l’échelle mondiale. Comment est-elle mesurée et quels sont ses impacts sur notre santé et notre espérance de vie ? Est-elle équitablement répartie dans le monde ?","link":"https://www.futura-sciences.com/sante/actualites/pollution-air-pollution-air-tue-plus-alcool-eau-insalubre-107373/#xtor%3DRSS-8","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpg","url":"https://cdn.futura-sciences.com/buildsv6/images/wide1920/4/f/9/4f93290232_50205855_pollution-atmosphe-rique.jpg"}},{"title":"The problem with authenticity (and other 21st century virtues) | Lucinda Holdforth","creator":"Lucinda Holdforth","pubDate":"Fri, 01 Sep 2023 11:29:15 +0000","contentSnippet":"Do we really want to live in a democratic world so small-minded that our primary need of our leaders is that they be just like us? Lucinda Holdforth does not\nPersonal virtues are back in fashion. In the 21st century, Australians are putting up their hands for moral thinking and right action. More than a few will openly scold those who fall short of their high standards. I’m also in favour of personal virtues. I think. I know I am nostalgic for a few vices. So the question arises: what exactly are the modern virtues?\nWell, you only have to spend half an hour on LinkedIn – although I really don’t recommend it – to note how the same concepts are elevated time and again: Authenticity, Empathy, Humility. A few others arise, generally along much the same lines. Self-Care is big. So is Vulnerability.\n Continue reading...","link":"https://www.theguardian.com/books/2023/aug/03/the-problem-with-authenticity-and-other-21st-century-virtues","enclosure":null},{"title":"The next pandemic could strike crops, not people","creator":"Saima Sidik","pubDate":"Fri, 01 Sep 2023 11:22:42 +0000","contentSnippet":"Nobody really knows how the fungus Bipolaris maydis got into the cornfields of the United States. But by summer of 1970, it was there with a vengeance, inflicting a disease called southern corn leaf blight, which causes stalks to wither and die. The South got hit first, then the disease spread through Tennessee and Kentucky before heading up into Illinois, Missouri, and Iowa — the heart of the Corn Belt.\n \n \n \n \nThe destruction was unprecedented. All told, the corn harvest of 1970 was reduced by about 15 percent. Collectively, farmers lost almost 700 million bushels of corn that could have fed livestock and humans, at an economic cost of a billion dollars. More calories were lost than during Ireland’s Great Famine in the 1840s, when disease decimated potato fields.\n \n \n \n \nReally, the problem with southern corn leaf blight started years before the 1970 outbreak, when scientists in the 1930s developed a strain of corn with a genetic quirk that made it a breeze for seed companies to crank out. Farmers liked the strain’s high yields. By the 1970s, that particular variety formed the genetic basis for up to 90 percent of the corn grown around the country, compared to the thousands of varieties farmers had grown previously.  \n \n \n \n \nThat particular strain of corn — known as cms-T — proved highly susceptible to southern corn leaf blight. So, when an unusually warm, wet spring favored the fungus, it had an overabundance of corn plants to burn through.\n \n \n \n \nAt the time, scientists hoped a lesson had been learned. \n \n \n \n \n“Never again should a major cultivated species be molded into such uniformity that it is so universally vulnerable to attack by a pathogen,” wrote plant pathologist Arnold John Ullstrup in a review of the matter published in 1972.\n \n \n \n \nAnd yet, today, genetic uniformity is one of the main features of most large-scale agricultural systems, leading some scientists to warn that conditions are ripe for more major outbreaks of plant disease. \n \n \n \n \nThere are several strains of corn blight, which can affect crops. Southern corn blight was blamed for the corn shortfall of 1970. Northern corn blight, seen here, produces different markings on the diseased leaves.   Getty Images\n \n \n \n \n“I think we have all the conditions for a pandemic in agricultural systems to occur,” said agricologist Miguel Altieri, a professor emeritus from the University of California, Berkeley. Hunger and economic hardship would likely ensue.\n \n \n \n \nClimate change adds to the danger — shifting weather patterns are on track to shake up the distributions of pathogens and bring them into contact with new plant species, potentially making crop disease much worse, said Brajesh Singh, an expert in soil science at Western Sydney University in Australia. \n \n \n \n \nIncorporating biodiversity into large-scale farming could move agriculture away from this crisis. Here and there, some farmers are taking steps in this direction. But will their efforts become widespread — and what will happen if they don’t?\n \n \n \n \nFarms cover close to 40 percent of the planet’s land, according to a 2019 report from the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services. Almost 50 percent of those systems are made up of just four crops: wheat, corn, rice, and soybeans. Disease is commonplace — globally, $30 billion worth of food is lost to pathogens every year.\n \n \n \n \n   \n    Read Next \n    \n \n \n       \n       \n                     \n               \n           \n         \n            \n \n        \n \n                    New study: Climate change will spread toxic mold to Midwest corn \n        \n \n        \n \n           \n\t \n  \n \n                            Diana Kruzman              \n \n        \n \n      \n \n    \n \n   \n \n \n \n \nThings were not always this way. As the 1900s dawned in the United States, for instance, food was produced by humans, not machines — more than 40 percent of the American workforce was employed on a multitude of small farms growing a wide range of crop varieties. The British Empire sparked the shift toward today’s industrialized food system, said historian Lizzie Collingham, who wrote the book Taste of War: World War II and the Battle for Food.\n \n \n \n \nBy the early 1900s, the British Empire had learned that it could “basically treat the whole planet as a resource for its population,” Collingham said. It acquired cocoa from West Africa, meat from Argentina, and sugar from the Caribbean, for example. Suddenly, food was not something to be bought from the farmer down the street, but a global commodity, subject to economies of scale.\n \n \n \n \nAmerica grabbed hold of this idea and ran with it, according to Collingham. First came the New Deal — President Roosevelt’s plan for pulling the country out of the Great Depression included raising the standard of living for farmers, partly by bringing electricity to rural life. In 1933, farm country was characterized by outhouses, iceboxes, and a complete lack of street lights. By 1945, all that had changed.\n \n \n \n \nAn 1805 botanical illustration from London that depicts corn blight.  \n Sepia Times / Universal Images Group via Getty Images\n \n \n \n \nOnce they were on the power grid, farmers could buy equipment such as electric milk coolers and feed grinders that let them scale up their operations, but such things are expensive — only by expanding could farmers afford them. “It all makes sense if you rationalize it for economies of scale and make your farm into a factory,” Collingham said.\n \n \n \n \nThen World War II hit, and much of agriculture’s workforce had to go off to fight. At the same time, the government had an army to feed and the general public to keep happy, so it really needed to keep the food supply coming. Machines were the answer — the war era solidified the shift from humans to tractors. And machines do best when they only perform one job, like harvesting a single crop, acre after acre.\n \n \n \n \nMonocultures can be very efficient when they’re not contracting diseases, and that efficiency is part of what got the United States through the war. In fact, the system worked so well that “soldiers doing their training in America got fatter,” Collingham said. “A lot of them had never eaten so well in their lives.”\n \n \n \n \nA botanical illustration that shows wheat rust on the left and corn blight on the right.  \n DeAgostini / Getty Images\n \n \n \n \nSoon, small-scale farms growing diverse crops had largely retreated into the past in the Midwestern U.S. It’s not that anyone intended for the practice to be lost. It was simply “in many people’s minds, rendered obsolete,” said agronomist Matt Liebman, who recently retired from Iowa State University.\n \n \n \n \nOne might think the realization that biodiversity protects plant health is a new one, given that it wasn’t that long ago that biodiverse farming became a rare practice. But in fact, scientists and farmers have recognized this connection for at least centuries, and probably longer, said evolutionary biologist Amanda Gibson from the University of Virginia.\n \n \n \n \nThe basic concept is simple enough: A typical pathogen can only infect certain plant species. When that pathogen ends up on a species it can’t infect, that plant acts like a sinkhole. The pathogen can’t reproduce, so it’s neutralized, and nearby plants are spared.\n \n \n \n \nDisease-resistant plants can also alter airflow in ways that keep plants dry and healthy and create physical barriers that block pathogen movement. Especially if they’re tall, resistant plants can act like fences that diseases have to hop over. “Somebody did a nice experiment taking dead corn stalks and just plopping them in the bean field,” said plant pathologist Gregory Gilbert from the University of California, Santa Cruz. “And that works, too, because it’s just keeping things from moving around.”\n \n \n \n \nIn nature, this dynamic between plants and pathogens can be part of healthy ecosystems. Pathogens spread easily between stands of the same species, killing off plants that are too close to their relatives and making sure landscapes have a healthy degree of biodiversity. As “social distancing” is restored between susceptible hosts, the disease dies down.\n \n \n \n \n   \n    Read Next \n    \n \n \n       \n       \n                     \n               \n           \n         \n            \n \n        \n \n                    The author of ‘Blight’ explains how humans supercharged fungal pathogens \n        \n \n        \n \n           \n\t \n  \n \n                            Zoya Teirstein              \n \n        \n \n      \n \n    \n \n   \n \n \n \n \nIn monocultures, there are no sinkholes or natural fences to stem the spread of pathogens. Instead, when a disease takes hold in a crop field, it’s poised to burn through the entire thing. “We create amplification rather than dilution,” said Altieri.\n \n \n \n \nNew technology has driven home these old lessons: Over the last decade, it’s become possible for scientists to isolate a broad swath of the microbes found within a particular niche — like an ear of corn or a stalk of wheat — and use DNA sequencing to create a censuslike list of everything that lives there.\n \n \n \n \nThe results have been unsettling, but not always unexpected. Plants in cultivated lands carry a significantly larger variety of viruses than those in adjacent biodiversity hotspots, plant and microbial ecologist Carolyn Malmstrom from Michigan State University and her colleagues found in one study. \n \n \n \n \nConversely, they later found that some fields of barley and wheat were largely devoid of viruses, but that could also be a sign of problems to come. Pesticides may be keeping virus levels low: “So we might think, OK, yay, we’re protecting our crops,” Malmstrom said. But not all microbes are bad. \n \n \n \n \nWheat grows in a field along Mertz Road in Maxatawny Township, Pennsylvania. \n Ben Hasty / MediaNews Group / Reading Eagle via Getty Images\n \n \n \n \n“By pulling our crop systems out into a virus-free situation, we may also be removing them from some of the richness of the biodiversity of microbes that’s beneficial,” she added.\n \n \n \n \nThe bigger the farm, the more serious the disease problems, at least in the case of a pathogen called Potato virus Y, which leads to low potato yields. When researchers looked at the amount of simplified cropland surrounding a potato plant, they found that the prevalence of the pathogen went up steadily as the percentage of surrounding area covered in cropland increased. Unmanaged fields and forests, on the other hand — carrying wild mixes of plants — seemed to have a protective effect.\n \n \n \n \nIn natural landscapes, increasing biodiversity lowers the number of virus species present. But increasing biodiversity along the edges of crop fields doesn’t seem to have the same effect, plant ecologist Hanna Susi from the University of Helsinki found. \n \n \n \n \nFertilizers and other chemicals leached from the crops might affect the susceptibility of nearby plants to infection, she and her coauthor postulated. Beneficial microbes found on wild plants may be keeping many of these viruses from causing disease, but if the same viruses get into crops that lack that protection, “We don’t know what may happen,” she said. Farmers could find themselves dealing with new kinds of crop diseases.\n \n \n \n \nOn Altieri’s farm in the Colombian state of Antioquia, he mixes many plants — corn with squash, pineapples with legumes — and said, “We don’t have the diseases that neighbors have, that have monocultures.” \n \n \n \n \nThe results of recent DNA-sequencing experiments are familiar to him because traditional Latin American farmers have long used biodiversity to protect their crops. “These papers are good ecological research,” he said. “But actually, they’re basically reinventing the wheel.”\n \n \n \n \nThis old wheel does have to get over a new hill, however. Climate change is redistributing pathogens, bringing them into contact with new crops, and changing weather patterns in ways that foster disease.\n \n \n \n \n   \n    Read Next \n    \n \n \n       \n       \n                     \n               \n           \n         \n            \n \n        \n \n                    The Corn Belt will get hotter. Farmers will have to adapt. \n        \n \n        \n \n           \n\t \n  \n \n                            John McCracken              \n \n        \n \n      \n \n    \n \n   \n \n \n \n \nAlready, Liebman has seen the effects of climate change firsthand in Iowa, where tar spot disease — an infection that kills the leaves on corn plants — is on the rise. “We have warmer nights and more humid days,” he said. The tar spot pathogen loves the new weather.\n \n \n \n \nPredicting exactly how much climate change will increase crop disease is difficult, said Singh. But there are some general conclusions he can draw.\n \n \n \n \nRising temperatures will likely favor certain pathogens that cause disease in major crops. A wheat-infecting fungus called Fusarium culmorum, for example, is likely to be replaced by its more aggressive and heat-tolerant relative, Fusarium graminearum. That could spell bad news for Nordic countries, where wheat crops could suffer.\n \n \n \n \nHotter temperatures will likely knock back other pathogens. A fungus that infects the herb meadowsweet, for example, has already begun dying out on islands off the coast of Sweden. In general, however, Singh thinks regions that are currently cold or temperate will likely see increases in crop disease as they warm.\n \n \n \n \nFor regions that are already warm, rising humidity could cause trouble. For example, parts of Africa and South America are among the regions that will probably see increases in funguslike pathogens called Phytophthora. Food insecurity is already prevalent in some of these areas, and if nothing’s done to stop disease spread, that’s likely to get worse. “We need a lot more information,” Singh said. “But I agree that that is one of the scenarios that is a possibility.”\n \n \n \n \nJason Mauck farms “every which way,” in his words. The head of Constant Canopy Farm likes experimenting, seeing what works and what doesn’t. And on about 100 out of the 3,000 acres he tends to in Gaston, Indiana, one of his experiments involves a strategy called intercropping.\n \n \n \n \nIntercropping with rows of corn planted alongside coffee at a farm in Brazil.  \n Lena Trindade / Brazil Photos / LightRocket via Getty Images\n \n \n \n \nIntercropping means growing two or more crops in the same field, by alternating rows or mixing the crops within the same rows — it’s a modern reimagining of age-old techniques like those Altieri uses, and one way of introducing biodiversity into large-scale agriculture. In Mauck’s case, he’s planting wheat with soybeans. The wheat seeds go into the ground in October, and by February, the plants are poking up through the soil. Then in April, he adds soybeans between the rows. The two crops grow together until the harvest, right around July 1.\n \n \n \n \nUnlike the wheat Mauck grows in a monoculture, he doesn’t spray the intercropped wheat with fungicides at all — they simply don’t need the help to stay healthy. The combination of crops likely encourages airflow that dries moisture and prevents fungus from growing, Mauck said. With climate change bringing more extreme storms to the region, he welcomes the help. \n \n \n \n \nMauck’s experiences are far from unique. When biologist Mark Boudreau from Penn State Brandywine reviewed 206 studies on intercropping across a wide variety of plants and pathogens, he found that disease was reduced in 73 percent of the studies.\n \n \n \n \nIn China, farmers have been experimenting with intercropping for decades, and it’s catching on in Europe and the Middle East, Boudreau said. But in the American Midwest, Mauck said intercropping makes him “kind of a weirdo.” He speaks at about 20 conventions every year to spread the word about this and other sustainable farming practices, plus he has a lively social media following. He’s convinced some of his fellow farmers to try intercropping, but progress is slow.\n \n \n \n \nLack of equipment is a big part of the problem, said extension agronomist Clair Keene from North Dakota State University. Farm equipment companies haven’t invented the machine that will let farmers harvest mixed crops separately, and farmers usually don’t have the time to do multiple harvests. That would be an easy enough problem for farm equipment companies to solve, Boudreau thinks, if farmers put a bit of pressure on them.\n \n \n \n \n   \n    Read Next \n    \n \n \n       \n       \n                     \n               \n           \n         \n            \n \n        \n \n                    Self-driving tractors, robot apple pickers: Witness the high-tech future of farming \n        \n \n        \n \n           \n\t \n  \n \n                            Nathanael Johnson              \n \n        \n \n      \n \n    \n \n   \n \n \n \n \nIn North Dakota, the humble chickpea might just provide the motivation farmers and farm equipment companies need. In recent years, the profit margin on chickpeas has been two to three times that of spring wheat — a common crop for the region. But there’s a problem: Chickpeas are very susceptible to a disease called Ascochyta leaf blight. “It can just wipe out the field. Like, there will be no chickpeas left to harvest,” Keene said. To avoid this fate, farmers spray their chickpeas with fungicides between two and five times a year, and the cost of the fungicides really cuts into the profit margin.\n \n \n \n \nIntercropping could be an affordable alternative. Keene and others have found that Ascochyta leaf blight drops by at least 50 percent when chickpeas are grown along with flax. Like in Mauck’s fields, Keene thinks flax promotes airflow around the chickpeas, reducing moisture and preventing the blight-causing fungus from growing.\n \n \n \n \nWhen Keene looks across the expansive crop fields that characterize her home state of North Dakota, she sees two sides to modern agriculture. On the one hand, monocultures have given many people a vital source of calories. “We as Americans — we’re using our landscape to provide a quality of life that, at least writ large, wasn’t ever dreamed of by generations before us,” she said. “And who’s making that happen? Farmers. We owe them a lot.”\n \n \n \n \nBut the same agricultural system has impacted the landscape dramatically, from the native plants that used to thrive in Midwestern prairies to the microbes that populate the soil. Changes are brewing in Earth’s climate, and a system we’ve come to rely on may start to falter. Modern agriculture has offered humans comfort: “But,” Keene asked, “at what ecological cost?”\n \n \n \n \n*Correction: This story has been updated to report the correct amount of corn lost in the 1970 harvest, 700 million bushels.\n \nThis story was originally published by Grist with the headline The next pandemic could strike crops, not people on Aug 22, 2023.","link":"https://grist.org/agriculture/next-pandemic-will-be-plants-not-people/","enclosure":null},{"title":"Extreme heat could impact the effectiveness of birth control and pregnancy tests","creator":"Shefali Luthra, The 19th","pubDate":"Fri, 01 Sep 2023 11:21:16 +0000","contentSnippet":"This story was originally published by The 19th and is republished with permission.\n \n \n \n \nExtreme heat has already made pregnancy more dangerous. Now, it is also complicating efforts to control when and how someone becomes pregnant: Record heat waves across the country could threaten access to effective pregnancy tests, condoms, and emergency contraception pills. \n \n \n \n \nAll of these items can sustain serious damage in extreme heat, rendering them ineffective when used. And all have become critical resources for people living in states with abortion bans and who are trying to avoid pregnancy. In those states, few options exist to terminate an unintended pregnancy other than acquiring abortion pills online or traveling out of state for care.\n \n \n \n \nMany states that have banned abortion are experiencing broiling summers, including Texas, Louisiana, parts of Mississippi, and Arkansas. Florida — where abortion is banned after 15 weeks of pregnancy and a six-week ban could take effect later this year — has also recorded unusually high temperatures. \n \n \n \n \n“People aren’t thinking about the effects of extremely hot heat for all kinds of medical care,” said Rachel Rebouché, dean at the Temple University School of Law, who studies reproductive health law. “And, specific to reproductive health care, people aren’t thinking about condoms and contraception and reproductive health as essential health care.”\n \n \n \n \nIn some states that restrict or ban abortion, abortion funds — which typically aid people in paying for the procedure — have put more emphasis on distributing supplies to prevent pregnancy and to detect it early, even while noting that even the most effective contraception isn’t foolproof. Almost all of the supplies they ship are heat-sensitive.\n \n \n \n \nThe Yellowhammer Fund, which serves people mostly in Alabama and Mississippi, mails emergency contraception to people in those two states as well as in parts of Florida. Jane’s Due Process, a Texas-based organization, has for the past three years given people kits including emergency contraception, pregnancy tests, and condoms. The Lilith Fund, an abortion fund in Texas, recently began distributing “post-abortion” kits for people traveling out of state for care, which include pregnancy tests, condoms, and thermometers. \n \n \n \n \nPregnancy tests generally should be stored at a temperature between 36 and 86 degrees Fahrenheit. Emergency contraception pills should be kept between 68 and 77 degrees, per the Food and Drug Administration, though they can be transported in temperatures ranging between 59 and 86 degrees. For condoms, the World Health Organization recommends an average shipment temperature no warmer than 86 degrees, noting that peak temperatures shouldn’t exceed 122 degrees and that condoms could be damaged if they are stored at above 104 degrees for an extended period of time. \n \n \n \n \nExtreme heat has already complicated efforts to disseminate contraceptive supplies. Last month, staff from the Lilith Fund reported heat damage to about $3,500 worth of pregnancy tests, thermometers and condoms, the result of a temporary air-conditioning outage at a storage facility in San Antonio. The organization was able to raise money from supporters to replace those items, but will be factoring heat risk in future budgets.\n \n \n \n \n“It’s on our radar, and it’s on the radar of our partners as well,” said Cristina Parker, the fund’s communications director. “This definitely has an impact on our budget, no doubt.”\n \n \n \n \nOther organizations haven’t experienced similar damage. But organizers and health scholars indicated concern that the unusually warm summer — with temperatures across much of the South consistently surpassing 100 degrees Fahrenheit at a higher frequency than usual — will undercut people’s ability to access heat-sensitive reproductive health supplies.\n \n \n \n \n“One thing we’ve always stressed is do not keep kits in your car, especially in Texas heat,” said Graci D’Amore, who coordinates the distribution of reproductive health kits for Jane’s Due Process. “It’s 120 degrees in the car, and Plan B needs to be kept at below 80 degrees for it to maintain efficacy.”\n \n \n \n \nJane’s Due Process stores its supplies in an air-conditioned office building. But the fear of losing power is more pressing than it was even a few years ago, before a winter snowstorm — also unusual for the state — caused a massive power outage.\n \n \n \n \n“The fear and threat of the [power] grid failing — I think it’s on everyone’s mind,” D’Amore said. \n \n \n \n \nMany organizations, including the Yellowhammer Fund and the Texas family planning provider Every Body Texas, distribute emergency contraception through the mail. But even if medications are stored in a climate-controlled atmosphere, they risk exposure to heat while waiting in someone’s mailbox, at their doorstep or in a delivery vehicle. In those cases, there is little health or reproductive rights organizations can do other than encourage people to bring mail in as quickly as possible.\n \n \n \n \n“When I bring in packages, even when they have not been outside for very long, the contents have been hot to the touch,” said Elizabeth Sepper, a health law professor at the University of Texas at Austin. “There’s no way to control what happens once it leaves your hand.”\n \n \n \n \nThe heat burden, Sepper and others noted, doesn’t fall equally. People who don’t have access to regular air-conditioning in their homes or cars are more likely to be exposed to extreme heat and to potentially risk damage to family planning and reproductive health supplies. Those who seek abortions and who have to travel out of state, which can mean several hours or even days’ worth of driving, could also suffer more. \n \n \n \n \n“Even people who have cars with functioning air conditioners will find their car engines or air-conditioning can struggle in long travel in this heat,” Sepper said. “If you’re in a car that doesn’t have functioning air-conditioning or that might struggle to make long distances in the heat — we will see for poorer people, the travel out of state will become even more onerous than it already is.”\n \n \n \n \n \nThis story was originally published by Grist with the headline Extreme heat could impact the effectiveness of birth control and pregnancy tests on Aug 27, 2023.","link":"https://grist.org/extreme-heat/extreme-heat-could-impact-the-effectiveness-of-birth-control-and-pregnancy-tests/","enclosure":null},{"title":"Paper Coffee Cups Are Just as Toxic for the Environment as Plastic Ones","creator":"Sabrina Weiss","pubDate":"Fri, 01 Sep 2023 11:14:54 +0000","contentSnippet":"Supposedly eco-friendly cups are still coated with a thin layer of plastic, which scientists have discovered can leach chemicals that harm living creatures.","link":"https://www.wired.com/story/paper-cups-toxic/","enclosure":null},{"title":"Criminals Have Created Their Own ChatGPT Clones","creator":"Matt Burgess","pubDate":"Fri, 01 Sep 2023 09:47:17 +0000","contentSnippet":"Cybercriminals are touting large language models that could help them with phishing or creating malware. But the AI chatbots could just be their own kind of scam.","link":"https://www.wired.com/story/chatgpt-scams-fraudgpt-wormgpt-crime/","enclosure":null},{"title":"Is It Real or Imagined? Here’s How Your Brain Tells the Difference","creator":"Yasemin Saplakoglu","pubDate":"Fri, 01 Sep 2023 09:42:16 +0000","contentSnippet":"New experiments show that the brain distinguishes between perceived and imagined mental images by checking whether they cross a “reality threshold.\"","link":"https://www.wired.com/story/is-it-real-or-imagined-heres-how-your-brain-tells-the-difference/","enclosure":null},{"title":"Un parc photovoltaïque de Sainte-Hélène fermé après une « forte récurrence des départs de feu »","creator":"Walid Salem","pubDate":"Thu, 31 Aug 2023 12:34:17 +0000","contentSnippet":"Après un incendie rapidement maitrisé ce jeudi 27 juillet sur le parc photovoltaïque, géré par la société Le Bétout Énergies, le maire de Sainte-Hélène, Lionel Montillaud, a pris un arrêté pour suspendre son activité.\n  \nThe post Un parc photovoltaïque de Sainte-Hélène fermé après une « forte récurrence des départs de feu » appeared first on Rue89Bordeaux.","link":"https://rue89bordeaux.com/2023/08/le-parc-photovoltaique-de-sainte-helene-ferme-apres-une-forte-recurrence-des-departs-de-feu/","enclosure":null},{"title":"Ursula von der Leyen tours microchips hub but stays mum about new Chinese restrictions","creator":"","pubDate":"Wed, 12 Jul 2023 07:21:59 +0000","contentSnippet":"Ursula von der Leyen visited on Friday the Interuniversity Microelectronics Centre (IMEC), based in Leuven, Belgium.","link":"https://www.euronews.com/my-europe/2023/07/07/ursula-von-der-leyen-tours-microchips-hub-but-stays-mum-about-new-chinese-restrictions","enclosure":null},{"title":"Climate change is helping this new deadly virus to spread across Europe","creator":"","pubDate":"Tue, 11 Jul 2023 11:56:15 +0000","contentSnippet":"Warmer temperatures are transforming Europe into the perfect habitat for ticks carrying CCHF, a deadly virus which in the worst cases results in death.","link":"https://www.euronews.com/next/2023/07/07/climate-change-is-helping-this-new-deadly-virus-to-spread-across-europe","enclosure":null},{"title":"‘It’s not climate change, it’s everything change’: sci-fi authors take on the global crisis","creator":"David Barnett","pubDate":"Tue, 11 Jul 2023 11:49:40 +0000","contentSnippet":"Margaret Atwood and Cormac McCarthy led the way. Now a new crop of novelists is putting the heating emergency at the forefront of their plots\nScience fiction has always dealt with worst-case scenarios when imagining our possible futures, and the climate has often formed the backdrop of the human struggles.\nSome of the biggest names writing in the genre have tackled the climate crisis and its apocalyptic or dystopian consequences – Margaret Atwood’s Oryx and Crake, Cormac McCarthy’s The Road, Bruce Sterling’s Heavy Weather.\n Continue reading...","link":"https://www.theguardian.com/books/2023/jul/09/climate-change-sci-fi-authors-global-crisis-atwood-mccarthy","enclosure":null},{"title":"Sainte-Soline : un rapport méticuleux démonte les « mensonges » de l'État","creator":"Justine Guitton-Boussion","pubDate":"Tue, 11 Jul 2023 11:34:56 +0000","contentSnippet":"Armes de guerre, volonté délibérée de ne pas aider les blessés... Dans un rapport accablant publié le 10 juillet, la Ligue des droits de l'Homme dénonce la version des autorités sur la manifestation à Sainte-Soline contre les mégabassines. \n La Ligue des droits de l'Homme (LDH) n'hésite pas à parler de « mensonges » du gouvernement. Le 10 juillet, l'association a rendu public un rapport de 164 pages pour « rétablir la vérité » sur les violences policières commises à Sainte-Soline (Deux-Sèvres) le 25 mars, lors (...)\n \n \n            Lire la suite \n             \n            - \n                Info \n             \n             \n            /  \n                Luttes \n            ,  \n                Politique \n            ,  \n                Soulèvements de la Terre","link":"https://reporterre.net/Sainte-Soline-un-rapport-meticuleux-demonte-les-mensonges-de-l-Etat","enclosure":null},{"title":"EU to drop ban of hazardous chemicals after industry pressure","creator":"Arthur Neslen","pubDate":"Tue, 11 Jul 2023 11:25:31 +0000","contentSnippet":"Exclusive: Leaked documents show that as little as 1% of products containing hazardous substances could be prohibited\nThe European Commission is poised to break a promise to outlaw all but the most essential of Europe’s hazardous chemicals, leaked documents show.\nThe pledge to “ban the most harmful chemicals in consumer products, allowing their use only where essential” was a flagship component of the European green deal when it was launched in 2020.\n Continue reading...","link":"https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/jul/11/eu-to-drop-ban-of-hazardous-chemicals-after-industry-pressure","enclosure":null},{"title":"Sécheresse : 68 % des nappes phréatiques françaises toujours sous les normales","creator":"","pubDate":"Tue, 11 Jul 2023 11:15:21 +0000","contentSnippet":"La sécheresse ne recule pas en France : 68 % des nappes phréatiques sont toujours sous les normales, a annoncé mardi 11 juillet le ministre de la Transition écologique Christophe Béchu, ajoutant que si juillet était comparable à celui de l'an dernier, on pourrait aller \"vers des jours compliqués\" concernant l'eau.","link":"https://www.geo.fr/environnement/secheresse-68-des-nappes-phreatiques-francaises-toujours-sous-les-normales-215624","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://geo.img.pmdstatic.net/fit/~1~geo~2023~07~11~1c90405a-f584-43a3-b537-b4ff9ac8b1fc.jpeg/1200x900/quality/80/secheresse-68-des-nappes-phreatiques-francaises-toujours-sous-les-normales.jpg"}},{"title":"En Gironde, l’urgence du déclin des abeilles, « si demain elles disparaissent, 30 % de notre assiette part avec »","creator":"Nathan Tacchi (20 Minutes)","pubDate":"Wed, 28 Jun 2023 06:15:40 +0000","contentSnippet":"Alors que le nombre de pollinisateurs décline en Gironde en raison de l’activité humaine, des équipes s’affairent à les protéger. Et, elles ont besoin de vous","link":"https://www.20minutes.fr/planete/rechauffement-climatique/4043082-20230628-gironde-urgence-declin-abeilles-si-demain-elles-disparaissent-30-assiette-part#xtor=RSS-149","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://img.20mn.fr/qI5fQb4FTZSVq0F95K4mPCk/1200x768_une-abeille-sauvage-en-train-de-butiner"}},{"title":"Le nuage de fumée des incendies du Québec arrive en France cette semaine","creator":"Karine Durand, Spécialiste météo extrême et environnement","pubDate":"Mon, 26 Jun 2023 11:09:59 +0000","contentSnippet":"L'immense nuage de fumée des feux du Canada est en train d'arriver sur la France, après avoir traversé l'océan Atlantique.Significant smoke (AOD  1) from Canada #wildfires crossing the Atlantic & predicted to reach Ireland/UK/W Europe on 26th with #SaharanDust going in the other direction in 23...","link":"https://www.futura-sciences.com/planete/breves/meteorologie-nuage-fumee-incendies-quebec-arrive-france-cette-semaine-8347/#xtor%3DRSS-8","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpg","url":"https://cdn.futura-sciences.com/buildsv6/images/largeoriginal/0/a/6/0a62b45ee2_50203608_nuge-cendres-quebec.jpg"}},{"title":"'It's getting cheaper,' addicts say as new UN report shows drug use disorders increasing globally","creator":"","pubDate":"Mon, 26 Jun 2023 11:07:01 +0000","contentSnippet":"A new UN report said the number of people suffering from drug use disorders had skyrocketed in the last 10 years.","link":"https://www.euronews.com/next/2023/06/26/un-report-more-people-take-drugs-globally-than-previous-ten-years","enclosure":null},{"title":"3M pays $10.3bn to settle water pollution suit over ‘forever chemicals’","creator":"Reuters","pubDate":"Sun, 25 Jun 2023 15:28:15 +0000","contentSnippet":"Settlement will provide funds to US municipalities over 13 years to test for and treat PFAS contamination in public water systems\n3M Co has reached a $10.3bn settlement with a host of US public water systems to resolve water pollution claims tied to “forever chemicals”, the chemical company announced on Thursday.\nThe company said the settlement would provide the funds over a 13-year period to cities, towns and other public water systems to test for and treat contamination from per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, or PFAS.\n Continue reading...","link":"https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/jun/22/3m-settlement-municipal-water-systems-pfas-contamination","enclosure":null},{"title":"La Chine utilise l'IA pour chercher des minéraux rares dans l'Himalaya","creator":"","pubDate":"Sun, 25 Jun 2023 15:26:27 +0000","contentSnippet":"Grâce à l'intelligence artificielle, des chercheurs chinois ont trouvé une abondante réserve de ressources rares dans le massif asiatique. Une manière de renforcer sa puissance dans les domaines énergétique et militaire, mais l'exploitation va s'avérer difficile.","link":"https://www.geo.fr/environnement/la-chine-utilise-lia-pour-chercher-des-mineraux-rares-dans-lhimalaya-215325","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://geo.img.pmdstatic.net/fit/~1~frgsl~2022~12~13~0d520cd4-2430-4dbf-8346-71b349a89011.jpeg/1200x900/quality/80/la-chine-utilise-l-ia-pour-chercher-des-mineraux-rares-dans-l-himalaya.jpg"}},{"title":"Are UPFs really that bad? Here’s what food experts say on the rise of ultra-processed foods","creator":"","pubDate":"Sun, 25 Jun 2023 15:19:47 +0000","contentSnippet":"Vegans eat more ultra-processed foods than any other diet. How bad is that really for health and the environment?","link":"https://www.euronews.com/green/2023/06/24/are-upfs-really-that-bad-heres-what-food-experts-say-on-the-rise-of-ultra-processed-foods","enclosure":null},{"title":"Avec +2,3 °C, l'Europe est la région du monde qui se réchauffe le plus vite, confirment l'OMM et Copernicus","creator":"","pubDate":"Tue, 20 Jun 2023 14:48:43 +0000","contentSnippet":"L'Europe a connu une année 2022 plus chaude de 2,3 degrés que le climat de la fin du 19e siècle, confirmant la surchauffe du continent à un rythme deux fois plus rapide que la moyenne mondiale, qui alimente canicules et sécheresses exceptionnelles.","link":"https://www.geo.fr/environnement/avec-23-c-leurope-est-la-region-du-monde-qui-se-rechauffe-le-plus-vite-confirment-lomm-et-copernicus-215236","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://geo.img.pmdstatic.net/fit/~1~geo~2023~06~19~eedbba78-017d-42da-b4e3-7b0d420f46ab.jpeg/1200x900/focus-point/900,1167/avec-2-3-c-l-europe-est-la-region-du-monde-qui-se-rechauffe-le-plus-vite-confirment-l-omm-et-copernicus.jpg"}},{"title":"‘Quite weird’: sea temperature rise in north-east of England worries residents","creator":"Mark Brown North of England correspondent","pubDate":"Tue, 20 Jun 2023 14:45:40 +0000","contentSnippet":"Mixed reactions greet dramatic fluctuation in sea temperatures in Tynemouth\n“I’ve never felt the sea this warm in June, it is quite weird,” said retired nurse Val Hedley as she finished her regular paddle along the picture-postcard golden sands of Longsands beach in Tynemouth.\n“Often here you will get a cold bit of the sea, then it gets warmer and then it gets cooler again. But today everything seems to be the same which is unusual … it’s all evenly warm.\n Continue reading...","link":"https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/jun/19/quite-weird-sea-temperature-rise-in-north-east-of-england-worrying-for-residents","enclosure":null},{"title":"Les scientifiques ont étudié le devenir dans nos voies respiratoires de la quantité colossale de microplastique que nous inhalons chaque jour","creator":"Claire Manière, Journaliste","pubDate":"Fri, 16 Jun 2023 13:51:08 +0000","contentSnippet":"Les microplastiques sont partout dans notre environnement. Des chercheurs ont mis au point un modèle informatique de dynamique de fluides pour analyser leur trajet jusque dans nos voies respiratoires supérieures.","link":"https://www.futura-sciences.com/sante/actualites/organe-scientifiques-ont-etudie-devenir-nos-voies-respiratoires-quantite-colossale-microplastique-nous-inhalons-chaque-jour-49511/#xtor%3DRSS-8","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpg","url":"https://cdn.futura-sciences.com/buildsv6/images/wide1920/2/1/c/21ca524709_50188373_microplastiques-poumons-humains.jpg"}},{"title":"L'obésité provoque des changements irréversibles dans le cerveau","creator":"Claire Manière, Journaliste","pubDate":"Fri, 16 Jun 2023 13:41:07 +0000","contentSnippet":"Des chercheurs ont comparé l’effet de la perfusion de nutriments dans l’estomac de personnes atteintes d’obésité ou non. Il existerait une réelle différence au niveau cérébral qui serait durable même après une perte de poids.","link":"https://www.futura-sciences.com/sante/actualites/obesite-obesite-provoque-changements-irreversibles-cerveau-105807/#xtor%3DRSS-8","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpg","url":"https://cdn.futura-sciences.com/buildsv6/images/wide1920/6/d/7/6d7ed17dd0_50200493_2-cerveau-humain.jpg"}},{"title":"Le réchauffement climatique à l’origine d’une hécatombe de poissons au Texas","creator":"Karine Durand, Spécialiste météo extrême et environnement","pubDate":"Fri, 16 Jun 2023 13:36:19 +0000","contentSnippet":"Des millions de cadavres de poissons ont recouvert les plages du Texas aux États-Unis depuis quelques jours. Cet échouage massif s'est produit du côté de Quintana Beach, à une centaine de kilomètres de Houston.DEAD FISH WASH ASHORE????Waves carrying thousands of dead fish for miles bombarded...","link":"https://www.futura-sciences.com/planete/breves/biodiversite-rechauffement-climatique-origine-hecatombe-poissons-texas-8273/#xtor%3DRSS-8","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpg","url":"https://cdn.futura-sciences.com/buildsv6/images/largeoriginal/4/6/4/464887c1a0_50203138_poissons-texas.jpg"}},{"title":"C'est probablement trop tard, la glace de mer en Arctique aura disparu l'été dès... 2030","creator":"Coralie Lemke","pubDate":"Fri, 16 Jun 2023 13:35:57 +0000","contentSnippet":"Alors que le Giec estimait qu’il faudrait attendre 2050 pour que la glace de mer fonde totalement en Arctique, l’échéance pourrait s'avérer bien plus rapide. Selon de nouveaux résultats, la disparition de cette eau gelée pourrait intervenir dès 2030, provoquant une hausse du niveau des mers.","link":"https://www.sciencesetavenir.fr/nature-environnement/climat/c-est-probablement-trop-tard-la-glace-de-mer-aura-disparu-l-ete-en-arctique-des-2030_171919?xtor=RSS-15","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://www.sciencesetavenir.fr/assets/img/2023/06/13/cover-r4x3w1200-6489ba73e4e94-000-9ly487.jpg"}},{"title":"Les 3 raisons qui expliquent la surchauffe des océans","creator":"Karine Durand, Spécialiste météo extrême et environnement","pubDate":"Fri, 16 Jun 2023 13:28:43 +0000","contentSnippet":"La chaleur record des océans qui dure depuis le printemps est liée à trois causes principales : si la première cause paraît évidente, le réchauffement climatique, les deux autres risquent de vous étonner.","link":"https://www.futura-sciences.com/planete/actualites/ocean-3-raisons-expliquent-surchauffe-oceans-104765/#xtor%3DRSS-8","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpg","url":"https://cdn.futura-sciences.com/buildsv6/images/wide1920/9/b/c/9bcea00699_50203202_ocean-surchauffe.jpg"}},{"title":"L'été n'a pas commencé que la planète suffoque déjà","creator":"","pubDate":"Fri, 16 Jun 2023 13:21:43 +0000","contentSnippet":"Les températures moyennes mondiales relevées début juin ont été les plus chaudes jamais enregistrées à cette période, selon le service européen Copernicus jeudi 15 juin. Des records alimentés par le phénomène El Niño, qui vient de démarrer, sur fond de changements climatiques provoqués par les activités humaines. \n \nSi Copernicus ne précise pas la valeur de ces températures, il indique qu'elles ont dépassé d'au moins 1,5 °C la température quotidienne moyenne à l'ère pré-industrielle entre le 7 et le 11 juin, et (...)\n \n \n            Lire la suite \n             \n            - \n                En bref \n             \n             \n            /  \n                Climat  \n            ,  \n                Monde","link":"https://reporterre.net/EN-BREF-Records-de-temperatures","enclosure":null},{"title":"Mexican heatwave: Hundreds of washed up birds ‘starved’ by El Niño as temperatures soar above 40C","creator":"","pubDate":"Fri, 16 Jun 2023 12:58:16 +0000","contentSnippet":"Hot ocean currents caused by El Niño, not avian flu, were behind the deaths of pelicans, seagulls and other wild birds, tests suggest.","link":"https://www.euronews.com/green/2023/06/16/mexican-heatwave-hundreds-of-washed-up-birds-starved-by-el-nino-as-temperatures-soar-above","enclosure":null},{"title":"Dans les Andes il y a un millénaire, la montée des températures a déchaîné les violences","creator":"","pubDate":"Fri, 16 Jun 2023 12:58:01 +0000","contentSnippet":"Une étude révèle que, dans les premières populations andines au moment de la dite \"anomalie de l'an mille\", le changement de climat a probablement conduit à la violence.","link":"https://www.geo.fr/histoire/andes-il-y-a-un-millenaire-la-montee-temperatures-a-dechaine-les-violences-quelccaya-secheresse-traumatismes-craniens-215211","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://geo.img.pmdstatic.net/fit/~1~geo~2023~06~16~9ca989c6-50fd-47cc-a3fa-27c28f2eda56.jpeg/1200x900/focus-point/1046,741/dans-les-andes-il-y-a-un-millenaire-la-montee-des-temperatures-a-dechaine-les-violences.jpg"}},{"title":"La Chine développe le système de bombardement orbital le plus efficace jamais créé","creator":"","pubDate":"Fri, 16 Jun 2023 12:57:49 +0000","contentSnippet":"Avec son système de bombardement orbital fractionné associé à un planeur, la Chine a créé une arme capable de frapper efficacement des cibles dans le monde entier. Une nouvelle que Washington n'accueille pas d'un très bon oeil.","link":"https://www.geo.fr/geopolitique/la-chine-developpe-le-systeme-de-bombardement-orbital-le-plus-efficace-jamais-cree-215183","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://geo.img.pmdstatic.net/fit/~1~geo~2023~06~15~08021cd1-2cac-4de9-93f7-904836a0bffd.jpeg/1200x900/quality/80/la-chine-developpe-le-systeme-de-bombardement-orbital-le-plus-efficace-jamais-cree.jpg"}},{"title":"Une étude du Lancet révèle les pays où le réchauffement climatique fera le plus de victimes","creator":"","pubDate":"Wed, 14 Jun 2023 14:38:50 +0000","contentSnippet":"Le changement climatique affecte le monde entier... mais pas de la même manière. Une étude publiée dans la revue médicale The Lancet a comparé des projections de mortalité associée au climat (chaleur, maladies et sous-nutrition) entre les pays du globe à l'horizon 2050.","link":"https://www.geo.fr/environnement/etude-the-lancet-revele-pays-rechauffement-climatique-fera-le-plus-de-victimes-mortalite-maladies-chaleur-nutrition-paludisme-215142","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://geo.img.pmdstatic.net/fit/~1~geo~2023~06~13~09f04ba5-1c00-4d2c-a0d5-98c28abdbb37.jpeg/1200x900/quality/80/une-etude-du-lancet-revele-les-pays-ou-le-rechauffement-climatique-fera-le-plus-de-victimes.jpg"}},{"title":"La peste était présente en Grande-Bretagne il y a 4000 ans","creator":"Sara de Lacerda","pubDate":"Sun, 11 Jun 2023 15:01:22 +0000","contentSnippet":"Les traces les plus anciennes de la présence de la peste en Grande-Bretagne ont été décelées sur trois individus inhumés au cours du néolithique. Il s’agit d’une souche aujourd’hui éteinte, peu virulente et qui ne se transmettait pas par les puces.","link":"https://www.sciencesetavenir.fr/archeo-paleo/la-peste-etait-presente-en-grande-bretagne-il-y-a-4000-ans_171828?xtor=RSS-4","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://www.sciencesetavenir.fr/assets/img/2023/06/09/cover-r4x3w1200-64831533f2936-low-res-levens-ring-cairn-jpg.jpg"}},{"title":"What Makes Wildfire Smoke So Dangerous To Human Health? A Toxicologist Explains","creator":"The Conversation, and ,Christopher T. Migliaccio","pubDate":"Sun, 11 Jun 2023 14:58:22 +0000","contentSnippet":"Smoke from more than 100 wildfires burning across Canada has been rolling into North American cities far from the flames. New York City and Detroit were both listed among the five most polluted cities in the world because of the fires on June 7, 2023. The smoke has triggered air quality alerts in several states in recent weeks.\nWe asked Chris Migliaccio, a toxicologist at the University of Montana who studies the impact of wildfire smoke on human health, about the health risks people can face when smoke blows in from distant wildfires.\nWhat’s in wildfire smoke that’s a problem?\nWhen we talk about air quality, we often talk about PM2.5. That’s particulate matter 2.5 microns or smaller – small enough that it can travel deep into the lungs.\nExposure to PM2.5 from smoke or other air pollution, such as vehicle emissions, can exacerbate health conditions like asthma and reduce lung function in ways that can worsen existing respiratory problems and even heart disease.\nBut the term PM2.5 only tells you about size, not composition — what is burning can make a significant difference in the chemistry.\n\nIn the northern Rockies, where I live, most fires are fueled by vegetation, but not all vegetation is the same. If the fire is in the wildland-urban interface, manufactured fuels from homes and vehicles may also be burning, and that’s going to create its own toxic chemistry, as well. Chemists often talk about volatile organic compounds (VOCs), carbon monoxide and PAHs, or polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons produced when biomass and other matter burn, having the potential to harm human health.\nHow does inhaling wildfire smoke harm human health?\nIf you have ever been around a campfire and got a blast of smoke in your face, you probably had some irritation. With exposure to wildfire smoke, you might get some irritation in the nose and throat and maybe some inflammation. If you’re healthy, your body, for the most part, will be able to handle it.\nAs with a lot of things, the dose makes the poison — almost anything can be harmful at a certain dose.\nGenerally, cells in the lungs called alveolar macrophages will pick up the particulates and clear them out – at reasonable doses. It’s when the system gets overwhelmed that you can have a problem.\nOne concern is that smoke can suppress macrophage function, altering it enough that you become more susceptible to respiratory infection. A colleague who looked at lag time in the effect of wildfire smoke exposure found an increase in influenza cases after a bad fire season. Studies in developing countries have also found increases in respiratory infections with people who are cooking on open fires in homes.\n\nThe stress of an inflammatory response can also exacerbate existing health problems. Being exposed to wood smoke won’t independently cause someone to have a heart attack, but if they have underlying risk factors, such as significant plaque buildup, the added stress can increase the risk.\nResearchers are also studying potential effects on the brain and nervous system from inhaled particulate matter.\nWhen smoke blows over long distances, does its toxicity change?\nWe know that the chemistry of wildfire smoke changes. The longer it’s in the atmosphere, the more the chemistry will be altered by ultraviolet light, but we still have a lot to learn.\nResearchers have found that there seems to be a higher level of oxidation, so oxidants and free radicals are being generated the longer smoke is in the air. The specific health effects aren’t yet clear, but there’s some indication that more exposure leads to greater health effects.\nThe supposition is that more free radicals are generated the longer smoke is exposed to UV light, so there’s a greater potential for health harm. A lot of that, again, comes down to dose.\n\nChances are, if you’re a healthy individual, going for a bike ride or a hike in a light haze won’t be a big deal, and your body will be able to recover.\nSuppose you’re doing that every day for a month in wildfire smoke. However, that raises more concerns. I’ve worked on studies with residents at Seeley Lake in Montana who were exposed to hazardous levels of PM2.5 from wildfire smoke for 49 days in 2017. We found a decrease in lung function a year later. No one was on oxygen, but there was a significant drop.\nThis is a relatively new area of research, and there’s still a lot we’re learning, especially with the increase in wildfire activity as the planet warms.\nWhat precautions can people take to reduce their risk from wildfire smoke?\nIf there is smoke in the air, you want to decrease your exposure.\nCan you completely avoid the smoke? Not unless you’re in a hermetically sealed home. The PM levels aren’t much different indoors and out unless you have a really good HVAC system, such as those with MERV 15 or better filters. But going inside decreases your activity, so your breathing rate is slower, and the amount of smoke you’re inhaling is likely lower.\n\nWe also tend to advise people that if they’re in a susceptible group, such as those with asthma, create a safe space at home and in the office with a high-level stand-alone air filtration system to create a space with cleaner air.\nSome masks can help. It doesn’t hurt to have a high-quality N95 mask. Just wearing a cloth mask won’t do much, though.\nMost states have air quality monitors that can give you a sense of how bad the air quality is, so check those sites and act accordingly.\nThis article was updated on June 7, 2023, with thick wildfire smoke over the U.S. Northeast and the latest map of smoke conditions.\nThis article was originally published on The Conversation by Christopher T. Migliaccio at the University of Montana. Read the original article here.","link":"https://www.inverse.com/health/toxicologist-wildfire-smoke-dangerous-human-health","enclosure":null},{"title":"El Niño planet-warming weather phase has begun","creator":"","pubDate":"Thu, 08 Jun 2023 15:08:37 +0000","contentSnippet":"Storms, droughts and record high temperatures lie ahead as US scientists confirm El Niño has arrived.","link":"https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-65839060?at_medium=RSS&at_campaign=KARANGA","enclosure":null},{"title":"Octopuses rewrite their own genes to survive freezing temperatures","creator":"Laura Baisas","pubDate":"Thu, 08 Jun 2023 15:04:40 +0000","contentSnippet":"The California two-spot octopus (Bimaculoides) is the first octopus species to have its genome sequenced and is very helpful for studying cephalopods. Roger T. Hanlon\n \nOctopuses can do it all, from their signature camouflage to chucking shells at other octopuses, but one major thing they can’t do is thermoregulate. Changes in water temperature can threaten their powerful brains due to this quirk of evolution, but they still manage to handle it.\n \n \n \n \n[Related: Pygmy zebra octopus stripe patterns are as unique as human fingerprints.]\n \n \n \n \nA study published June 8 in the journal Cell shows that two-spot octopuses adapt to seasonal shifts in temperature by producing different neural proteins. They accomplish this by editing their RNA—the messenger molecule between proteins and DNA. The team on this study believes that this rewiring protects their brains and this strategy is likely used across other octopuses and squid. \n \n \n \n \n“Ten years ago, there were some hints that something unusual was going on, but there wasn’t [any] systematic mapping and our first goal was to systematically map the editing sites of the squid,” study co-author and a statistical mathematician at Tel Aviv University Eli Eisenberg tells PopSci. \n \n \n \n \nThey found that squid have tens of thousands of recording sites that were primarily located in their neural tissues where these RNA edits could be happening. Eisenberg and study co-author Joshua Rosenthal extended their research into octopuses and their neural networks. They wanted to know how these cephalopods with complicated and well-evolved brains handle the wide range of temperatures they are exposed to. \n \n \n \n \nDNA mutations typically allow organisms to adapt over long periods of time and over multiple generations. RNA editing is a common, flexible, and temporary way to adapt to changes in the environment–like seasonal temperature. \n \n \n \n \n“There’s often a contrast between this and CRISPR genome editing,” Rosenthal, a biologist at the University of Chicago-affiliated Marine Biological Laboratory, tells PopSci. “CRISPR genome editing is this artificial process that is designed to make changes in DNA, which would be kind of permanent from the time that changes are made throughout the life of the organism. RNA gives you the chance to do things temporarily.”\n \n \n \n \nWhen RNA editing changes protein structures, the process is called RNA recoding. It’s pretty rare—except in octopuses and squid. Humans have millions of editing sites that affect less than three percent of our genes, but coleoid or “smart” cephalopods can recode the majority of their neural proteins.\n \n \n \n \n“In the context outside of cephalopods, the main way to change the [protein] sequence and get a new kind of protein is through mutation and evolution,” study co-author and St. Francis University biologist Matthew Birk tells PopSci. “That takes generations and hundreds and thousands of years, while this is days. That was very exciting.”\n \n \n \n \n[Related: Slap another cephalopod on the vampire squid’s family tree.]\n \n \n \n \nIn this new study, the team worked with California two-spot octopuses in a laboratory setting and in the wild. This species is the first octopus to have their genome sequenced,  and they are a reliable proxy for other octopuses. Wild octopuses are exposed to quick changes in temperature like when they dive to colder depths or during upwelling events and slower changes like when the seasons shift. \n \n \n \n \nThey acclimated wild-caught adult octopuses to warm (71.6ºF) or cold (55.4ºF) waters in tanks and after several weeks, they compared the RNA transcripts for the acclimated octopuses to the genome to find signs of RNA editing.  \n \n \n \n \n“One surprising finding was the fact that so many proteins, so many editing sites had changed upon temperature change, and all of them almost all of them in the same direction,” says Eisenberg. \n \n \n \n \nEditing occurred at around 30 percent or more than 20,000 individual places on the genome. The proteins edited tended to be neural proteins, and almost all edited sites sensitive to temperature swings were more highly edited in the cold, according to Eisenberg.\n \n \n \n \nTo see how quickly these changes occurred, they investigated the reaction in tiny thumbnail-sized juvenile octopuses. They gradually heated or cooled the tanks from 57.2°F up to 93.2°F and vice versa in hourly increments over about 20 hours. After measuring RNA editing before the temperature change, immediately after the change, and four days later, the team was surprised by just how rapidly it occurred. Birk says that changes were happening in less than one day, and their new steady levels were present four days after and remained for a month. \n \n \n \n \nThe team also started investigating if recoding impacted protein structure function. They focused on two proteins that are critical for nervous system function—kinesin and synaptotagmin. They found evidence that the recoding changed the structures in the proteins that would impact how they function.  \n \n \n \n \n“I’m really interested to see if this extends beyond physical environmental factors. If social context can influence the way you encode your nervous system, that’s a pretty interesting concept,” says Rosenthal. “I want to know what underlies this high level recoding of messenger RNAs.”\n \n \n \n \n[Related: Argonaut octopuses are enigmatic—down to their self-made ‘shells.’]\n \n \n \n \nUnderstanding more about this RNA editing and recoding could be applied to therapeutics in humans. Rosenthal and Eisenberg are working on a grant project from the National Institutes of Health to see if RNA editing can be used as a non addictive treatment for opioids. \n \n \n \n \nStudies like these are also satisfying the ever growing appetite for knowledge about our eight legged aquatic friends. “I feel like people understand or know octopuses pretty well. There’s all these fascinating things that we can physically see,” says Birk. “Now, we’re starting to understand more and more that they’re fascinating even at a molecular level. They are strange and inspire curiosity.”\n \nThe post Octopuses rewrite their own genes to survive freezing temperatures appeared first on Popular Science.\n \nArticles may contain affiliate links which enable us to share in the revenue of any purchases made.","link":"https://www.popsci.com/environment/octopuses-rna-dna-gene-editing-neuroscience/","enclosure":null},{"title":"Ces petits volcans sous-marins pourraient cracher d’importantes quantités de méthane","creator":"Morgane Gillard, Rédactrice","pubDate":"Mon, 05 Jun 2023 21:02:27 +0000","contentSnippet":"Les volcans sous-marins dits de « petit-spot » sont bien spéciaux. Situés en amont des fosses de subduction, sur une lithosphère océanique vieille et froide, loin de l’intense activité volcanique qui se manifeste au niveau des dorsales, ils joueraient pourtant un rôle non négligeable dans le...","link":"https://www.futura-sciences.com/planete/actualites/terre-ces-petits-volcans-sous-marins-pourraient-cracher-importantes-quantites-methane-105639/#xtor%3DRSS-8","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpg","url":"https://cdn.futura-sciences.com/buildsv6/images/wide1920/9/7/c/97c8f6cecc_50202810_volcan-ocean.jpg"}},{"title":"Pollution aux \"polluants éternels\": des groupes chimiques américains paient 1,2 milliard de dollars","creator":"AFP","pubDate":"Mon, 05 Jun 2023 21:00:11 +0000","contentSnippet":"Trois groupes chimiques américains ont conclu un accord vendredi pour le versement de près de 1,2 milliard de dollars afin d'éviter des poursuites pour la contamination de l'eau potable à travers les Etats-Unis par des PFAS, des \"polluants éternels\". \nDans un communiqué, les compagnies Chemours, DuPont de Nemours et Corteva ont annoncé avoir conclu \"cet accord de principe pour solder toutes les poursuites liées aux plaintes d'une eau potable contaminée aux PFAS dans les réseaux publics de distribution d'eau\". \nUn total de 1,185 milliard va être versé dont 592 millions de dollars par Chemours, 400 millions par DuPont de Nemours et 193 millions par Corteva.","link":"https://www.sciencesetavenir.fr/nature-environnement/pollution-aux-polluants-eternels-des-groupes-chimiques-americains-paient-1-2-milliard-de-dollars_171717?xtor=RSS-15","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://www.sciencesetavenir.fr/assets/img/2023/06/03/cover-r4x3w1200-647b0c1b2fd00-60d6702b4a5cc9fe8ea2d458b7a60ec329c1a273-jpg.jpg"}},{"title":"Slowing ocean current caused by melting Antarctic ice could have drastic climate impact, study says","creator":"Donna Lu","pubDate":"Tue, 30 May 2023 07:29:24 +0000","contentSnippet":"The Southern Ocean overturning circulation has ebbed 30% since the 90s, CSIRO scientist claims, leading to higher sea levels and changing weather\n\nFollow our Australia news live blog for the latest updates\nGet our morning and afternoon news emails, free app or daily news podcast\n\nA major global deep ocean current has slowed down by approximately 30% since the 1990s as a result of melting Antarctic ice, which could have critical consequences for Earth’s climate patterns and sea levels, new research suggests.\nKnown as the Southern Ocean overturning circulation, the global circulation system plays a key role in influencing the Earth’s climate, including rainfall and warming patterns. It also determines how much heat and carbon dioxide the oceans store.\n Continue reading...","link":"https://www.theguardian.com/science/2023/may/25/slowing-ocean-current-caused-by-melting-antarctic-ice-could-have-drastic-climate-impact-study-says","enclosure":null},{"title":"Trois grands volcans dangereux se sont réveillés ces derniers jours","creator":"Morgane Gillard, Rédactrice","pubDate":"Tue, 30 May 2023 07:27:40 +0000","contentSnippet":"La Terre gronde ces derniers jours. Ce sont trois volcans emblématiques et particulièrement actifs qui ont décidé de se réveiller quasiment en même temps ! Petite présentation de ces agitateurs du moment.","link":"https://www.futura-sciences.com/planete/actualites/terre-trois-grands-volcans-dangereux-sont-reveilles-ces-derniers-jours-105533/#xtor%3DRSS-8","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpg","url":"https://cdn.futura-sciences.com/buildsv6/images/wide1920/b/e/4/be466ccd28_50178412_eruption-etna-2021.jpg"}},{"title":"Evolution : le chromosome masculin en voie de disparition","creator":"Rédacteur","pubDate":"Tue, 30 May 2023 07:22:28 +0000","contentSnippet":"Sa dégénérescence chez l'humain a commencé il y a plusieurs milliers d'années. La disparition du chromosome Y signifierait-elle la fin des mâles ? Des études montrent que son absence chez d'autres espèces n'a pas supprimé le dimorphisme sexuel et que les deux sexes ont continué de cohabiter.","link":"https://www.sciencesetavenir.fr/archeo-paleo/evolution/evolution-le-chromosome-masculin-en-voie-de-disparition_170989?xtor=RSS-4","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://www.sciencesetavenir.fr/assets/img/2023/04/27/cover-r4x3w1200-644a91e697feb-33193-1932818-k2-k1-4466665-jpg.jpg"}},{"title":"Comment la pollution de l’air accentue le risque d’Alzheimer","creator":"","pubDate":"Tue, 30 May 2023 07:06:02 +0000","contentSnippet":"Pionnière dans son domaine, la chercheuse mexicaine Lilian Calderón-Garcidueñas travaille depuis plus de trois décennies sur les effets de la pollution de l’air sur le cerveau humain. Dans cet entretien, elle nous présente les conclusions de ses dernières recherches, qui établissent notamment un lien direct entre particules fines et maladie d’Alzheimer. À lire en complément de notre enquête sur le sujet.","link":"https://usbeketrica.com/fr/article/comment-la-pollution-de-l-air-accentue-le-risque-d-alzheimer","enclosure":null},{"title":"La pollution nous rend-elle complètement cons ?","creator":"","pubDate":"Tue, 30 May 2023 07:05:50 +0000","contentSnippet":"On a passé en revue les articles scientifiques consacrés aux effets de la pollution sur le cerveau humain. Et le moins que l'on puisse dire, c'est que les résultats sont préoccupants.","link":"https://usbeketrica.com/fr/article/la-pollution-nous-rend-elle-completement-cons","enclosure":null},{"title":"Le plastique recyclé peut contaminer nos aliments avec des molécules chimiques toxiques","creator":"Julie Kern, Cheffe de rubrique Santé","pubDate":"Tue, 30 May 2023 07:05:16 +0000","contentSnippet":"Alors que les discussions autour d'un traité sur la pollution plastique s'ouvrent à Paris, une étude parue récemment pointe du doigt la possible contamination des aliments et boissons en contact avec le plastique recyclé.","link":"https://www.futura-sciences.com/sante/actualites/alimentation-plastique-recycle-peut-contaminer-nos-aliments-molecules-chimiques-toxiques-105570/#xtor%3DRSS-8","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpg","url":"https://cdn.futura-sciences.com/buildsv6/images/wide1920/3/1/6/316b9c5258_50202629_plastique-aliment.jpg"}},{"title":"Les courants océaniques profonds ralentissent plus vite que prévu","creator":"","pubDate":"Mon, 29 May 2023 16:45:30 +0000","contentSnippet":"Le ralentissement des courants océaniques profonds, causé par la fonte des glaces de l'Antarctique, est plus rapide que prévu. Voici le résultat d'une étude dévoilée le 25 mai dans la revue Nature. Jusqu'alors, les scientifiques estimaient que cette circulation ne ralentirait de 40 % que d'ici à 2050. Or, les derniers résultats, basés sur des mesures de terrain dans le bassin antarctique australien, couplées à un volet de modélisation informatique, sont plus alarmants que prévu : le processus a en fait déjà (...)\n \n \n            Lire la suite \n             \n            - \n                En bref \n             \n             \n            /  \n                Climat  \n            ,  \n                Mers et océans","link":"https://reporterre.net/Les-courants-oceaniques-profonds-ralentissent-plus-vite-que-prevu","enclosure":null},{"title":"L'effondrement de la circulation profonde de l'océan Antarctique est en cours, confirmant les prévisions","creator":"","pubDate":"Sun, 28 May 2023 16:52:13 +0000","contentSnippet":"Une étude publiée par une équipe australienne dans la revue Nature Climate Change révèle que la circulation profonde autour de l'Antarctique a ralenti d'environ 30 % depuis les années 1990. Cela confirme les résultats d'une modélisation récente, qui prévoyaient un effondrement.","link":"https://www.geo.fr/environnement/leffondrement-de-la-circulation-profonde-de-locean-antarctique-est-en-cours-confirmant-les-previsions-214828","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://geo.img.pmdstatic.net/fit/https.3A.2F.2Fi.2Epmdstatic.2Enet.2Fgeo.2F2023.2F05.2F25.2F71e4e4c3-c03e-46c2-bf99-d3783e2004b9.2Ejpeg/1200x900/quality/80/l-effondrement-de-la-circulation-profonde-de-l-ocean-antarctique-est-en-cours-confirmant-les-previsions.jpg"}},{"title":"Une pluie de microplastique de 40 kg est attendue sur Paris, selon cette prévision météo d'un nouveau genre","creator":"","pubDate":"Sun, 28 May 2023 16:47:54 +0000","contentSnippet":"Un lourd crachin persistant, composé de milliards de particules de microplastiques, devrait s'abattre la semaine prochaine sur Paris, selon les toutes premières \"prévisions météo de la pollution plastique\".","link":"https://www.geo.fr/environnement/une-pluie-de-microplastique-de-40-kg-est-attendue-sur-paris-selon-cette-prevision-meteo-dun-nouveau-genre-214843","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://geo.img.pmdstatic.net/fit/https.3A.2F.2Fi.2Epmdstatic.2Enet.2Fgeo.2F2023.2F05.2F26.2Ff2432945-9b66-4d7b-98a6-b8f2aef69eda.2Ejpeg/1200x900/quality/80/une-pluie-de-microplastique-de-40-kg-est-attendue-sur-paris-selon-cette-prevision-meteo-d-un-nouveau-genre.jpg"}},{"title":"Des résidus de pesticides persistent de manière \"inattendue\" dans les sols en France, selon une étude","creator":"","pubDate":"Sun, 28 May 2023 16:46:49 +0000","contentSnippet":"Cultures, prairies permanentes et même forêts : une étude pilote menée par l'institut de recherche Inrae et l'université de Bordeaux a révélé la \"persistance inattendue\" de résidus de pesticides dans la quasi-totalité de 47 sites étudiés à travers la France de 2019 à 2021.","link":"https://www.geo.fr/environnement/des-residus-de-pesticides-persistent-de-maniere-inattendue-dans-les-sols-en-france-selon-une-etude-214851","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://geo.img.pmdstatic.net/fit/https.3A.2F.2Fi.2Epmdstatic.2Enet.2Fgeo.2F2023.2F05.2F26.2Fc4d8ec88-7ccb-4092-b384-2f1cc3dd75e9.2Ejpeg/1200x900/quality/80/des-residus-de-pesticides-persistent-de-maniere-inattendue-dans-les-sols-en-france-selon-une-etude.jpg"}},{"title":"Why the climate crisis is making our insects run for the hills","creator":"Gary Hartley","pubDate":"Sun, 28 May 2023 16:44:23 +0000","contentSnippet":"Around the world, different species are shifting their habitats upwards, with potentially catastrophic results for our ecosystems\nIn the Alps and Apennines of southern Europe, nearly all the longhorn beetles are moving uphill, and way up at the peaks, the isolation of a brown butterfly with orange-tipped wings is pushing it towards extinction. This is a snapshot of a global trend. With temperatures rising and pressure on biodiversity growing, insects vital to our ecosystems are not only moving north and south, but up.\nResearch shows many animals are making similar moves, but insects’ high levels of mobility and short generation times allow them to respond quickly to change, meaning the uphill momentum can be rapid. Bumblebees in the Pyrenees have moved upwards on average by more than a metre a year, with some species making significantly greater journeys. Moths on Borneo’s Mount Kinabalu have followed suit.\n Continue reading...","link":"https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/may/28/why-the-climate-crisis-is-making-our-insects-run-for-the-hills","enclosure":null},{"title":"Le mot \"mégabassine\" fait son entrée au dictionnaire Petit Robert 2024","creator":"","pubDate":"Tue, 09 May 2023 06:31:47 +0000","contentSnippet":"L'édition 2024 du dictionnaire Le Petit Robert sort ce jeudi 11 mai en librairies. Parmi les nouveaux mots sélectionnés par l'équipe de lexicographes : \"mégabassine\".","link":"https://www.francebleu.fr/infos/societe/le-mot-megabassine-fait-son-entree-au-dictionnaire-petit-robert-2024-4699471#xtor=RSS-145","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://www.francebleu.fr/s3/cruiser-production/2023/04/f7e9279b-579b-4cca-bf8e-cb79952c443a/920x517_sc_maxnewsworldfive822967.jpg"}},{"title":"Red list reveals Britain’s extinction-threatened mosses and liverworts","creator":"Anthea Lacchia","pubDate":"Wed, 03 May 2023 19:49:28 +0000","contentSnippet":"Habitat loss blamed as study finds 19% of bryophyte species at risk and at least four have become extinct in Great Britain\nAlmost one-fifth of bryophytes – the plant group that includes mosses, liverworts and hornworts – in Great Britain are threatened with extinction, according to a new red list assessing their conservation status.\nThe red list, published in the Journal of Bryology, was compiled based on criteria and categories set by the International Union for Conservation of Nature.\n Continue reading...","link":"https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/apr/28/red-list-mosses-liverworts-bryophyte-species-extinction-risk-great-britain","enclosure":null},{"title":"Firm releases almost 800kg of ‘forever chemical’ a year into Lancashire river","creator":"Rachel Salvidge","pubDate":"Wed, 03 May 2023 19:48:15 +0000","contentSnippet":"Exclusive: Environment Agency finds ‘very persistent, mobile and toxic’ PFAS in effluent legally discharged near Wyre estuary\nA chemicals company is releasing large quantities of a “forever chemical” described as being “very persistent, mobile and toxic” into the River Wyre in Lancashire each year, and is not breaking any rules.\nEarlier this year, the Guardian and Watershed Investigations revealed that effluent coming from the site of AGC Chemicals Europe in Thornton-Cleveleys could contain about 700 types of perfluorinated and polyfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS).\n Continue reading...","link":"https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/apr/29/pfas-forever-chemical-river-wyre-lancashire-environment-agency","enclosure":null},{"title":"Air pollution spikes linked to irregular heartbeats, study finds","creator":"Hannah Devlin Science correspondent","pubDate":"Wed, 03 May 2023 19:12:06 +0000","contentSnippet":"Study of 200,000 Chinese hospital admissions finds acute exposure to air pollution raises risk of heart arrhythmias\nSpikes in air pollution increase the risk of cardiac arrhythmias, a large study has found.\nThe research, based on nearly 200,000 hospital admissions in China, found a significant increase in risk of arrhythmias in the first few hours after an increase in air pollution levels. Heart arrhythmias can increase the risk of heart disease and sudden cardiac death.\n Continue reading...","link":"https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/may/01/air-pollution-spikes-linked-to-irregular-heartbeats-study-finds","enclosure":null},{"title":"Common US consumer products release toxic compounds, new research shows","creator":"Tom Perkins","pubDate":"Wed, 03 May 2023 19:10:07 +0000","contentSnippet":"Dangerous chemicals that can cause cancer and air pollution are often found in cosmetics, personal care products and cleaners\nSome of the most common consumer products probably release 5,000 tons of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in American homes annually, new research on the dangerous class of chemicals finds.\nThe research, which analyzed ingredient lists across dozens of product categories, found the most concerning levels in general purpose cleaners, art supplies and laundry detergents, while the individual product that emitted the most VOCs was mothballs.\n Continue reading...","link":"https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/may/03/toxic-chemicals-consumer-products-vocs-health-risk","enclosure":null},{"title":"Air pollution: how bad is particulate matter for your health?","creator":"Donna Lu","pubDate":"Wed, 03 May 2023 19:08:48 +0000","contentSnippet":"Particulate pollution poses one of the greatest environmental risks to health, according to the WHO. So what is a safe level of exposure?\n\nFollow our Australia news live blog for the latest updates\nGet our morning and afternoon news emails, free app or daily news podcast\n\nMany types of air pollutants are harmful to human health. These include gases – such as carbon monoxide, nitrous oxides and sulphur dioxide – and particulates.\nParticulate matter refers to microscopic solid or liquid particles that are suspended in the air. These can be human-made, such as from traffic emissions and the burning of fossil fuels, or natural, such as from sea spray or mineral dust from soils.\nSign up for Guardian Australia’s free morning and afternoon email newsletters for your daily news roundup\n Continue reading...","link":"https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/may/04/air-pollution-in-australia-how-bad-is-particulate-matter-health-effects-particles-facts","enclosure":null},{"title":"Lithium : le nouvel or blanc des batteries aiguise les convoitises politiques","creator":"Raphaëlle Baut","pubDate":"Tue, 25 Apr 2023 18:08:15 +0000","contentSnippet":"L’Amérique latine concentre près de la moitié des ressources mondiales de lithium. Ces pays sont une bonne alternative à la Chine pour l’approvisionnement en lithium. Mais, la politique rend la situation incertaine. \n [Lire la suite]\nAbonnez-vous aux newsletters Numerama pour recevoir l’essentiel de l’actualité https://www.numerama.com/newsletter/","link":"https://www.numerama.com/vroom/1353444-lithium-le-nouvel-or-blanc-des-batteries-aiguise-les-convoitises-politiques.html","enclosure":null},{"title":"L’Oréal urged to withdraw hair relaxers after studies find cancer risk","creator":"Aamna Mohdin","pubDate":"Tue, 25 Apr 2023 12:25:33 +0000","contentSnippet":"Research claims to show link between cancer and lye-containing products largely used by black women\nCampaigners are calling on the cosmetics company L’Oréal to withdraw its hair-straightening products that are largely used by black women after research linked it to an increased risk of cancer.\nIn an open letter, coordinated by the UK feminist group Level Up, campaigners also ask the company to invest in research on the long-term use of chemical relaxers, which make hair easier to straighten.\n Continue reading...","link":"https://www.theguardian.com/society/2023/apr/21/loreal-urged-to-withdraw-hair-relaxers-after-studies-find-cancer-risk","enclosure":null},{"title":"La France autorise finalement l'utilisation d'un insecticide pour l'exportation de céréales hors UE","creator":"RFI","pubDate":"Tue, 25 Apr 2023 10:18:46 +0000","contentSnippet":"L'Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire (Anses) autorise de nouveau la mise sur le marché de la phosphine, un insecticide utilisé lors du transport de céréales, vers l'Afrique notamment, pour empêcher la propagation d'insectes d'un pays à l'autre.","link":"https://www.rfi.fr/fr/france/20230421-la-france-autorise-finalement-l-utilisation-d-un-insecticide-pour-l-exportation-de-c%C3%A9r%C3%A9ales-hors-ue","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://s.rfi.fr/media/display/020b09da-a28e-11eb-960d-005056bf87d6/w:1024/p:16x9/000_Par8222355.jpg"}},{"title":"Europe ‘failing its children’ on air pollution, EEA says","creator":"Fiona Harvey Environment editor","pubDate":"Mon, 24 Apr 2023 10:28:07 +0000","contentSnippet":"Dirty air causes premature death of at least 1,200 children across Europe every year, says European Environment Agency\nEurope is failing its children when it comes to air pollution, exposing nearly all children across the continent to air that falls below healthy standards and delaying the clean-up of the sources of pollution, research has found.\nBreathing dirty air causes the premature death of at least 1,200 children across Europe each year, and many thousands more are afflicted with physical and mental health problems that could have lifelong impacts, according to the latest assessment of air pollution by the European Environment Agency.\n Continue reading...","link":"https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/apr/24/europe-failing-its-children-on-air-pollution-eea-says","enclosure":null},{"title":"The Current Mass Extinction Is Already Far More Dire Than We Realized","creator":"Tessa Koumoundouros","pubDate":"Sun, 23 Apr 2023 16:27:21 +0000","contentSnippet":"There's been a slight calculation error.","link":"https://www.sciencealert.com/the-current-mass-extinction-is-already-far-more-dire-than-we-realized","enclosure":null},{"title":"Diet, exercise - and forever chemicals? New research shows links between toxic PFAS and weight gain","creator":"","pubDate":"Fri, 21 Apr 2023 07:18:03 +0000","contentSnippet":"Obesity is not only caused by diet and lack of exercise - forever chemicals may also play a part, Danish research shows.","link":"https://www.euronews.com/green/2023/04/20/diet-exercise-and-forever-chemicals-new-research-shows-links-between-toxic-pfas-and-weight","enclosure":null},{"title":"ChatGPT ‘drinks’ a bottle of fresh water for every 20 to 50 questions we ask, study warns","creator":"","pubDate":"Fri, 21 Apr 2023 07:16:54 +0000","contentSnippet":"There is still very little research into the environmental impact of AI.","link":"https://www.euronews.com/green/2023/04/20/chatgpt-drinks-a-bottle-of-fresh-water-for-every-20-to-50-questions-we-ask-study-warns","enclosure":null},{"title":"Les zones humides rejettent désormais des quantités énormes de méthane","creator":"Karine Durand, Spécialiste météo extrême et environnement","pubDate":"Fri, 21 Apr 2023 07:12:03 +0000","contentSnippet":"Les zones humides jouent de moins en moins leur rôle d'atténuation du réchauffement climatique : elles rejettent désormais d'énormes quantités de méthane par effet feedback, un paramètre mal cerné dans les rapports de prévision sur le climat.","link":"https://www.futura-sciences.com/planete/actualites/rechauffement-climatique-zones-humides-rejettent-desormais-quantites-enormes-methane-104795/#xtor%3DRSS-8","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpg","url":"https://cdn.futura-sciences.com/buildsv6/images/wide1920/3/6/c/36c66cc40f_50201099_zone-humide.jpg"}},{"title":"Deadly Fungal Infections Are Rising in the U.S. — A Doctor Answers 5 Key Questions","creator":"Arif R. Sarwari, and ,The Conversation","pubDate":"Fri, 21 Apr 2023 07:00:16 +0000","contentSnippet":"In late March 2023, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention highlighted the threat posed by a rapidly spreading fungus called Candida auris that is causing infections and deaths among hospital patients nationwide. The unexpected rise of this recently discovered pathogen is part of a larger trend of increasing fungal infections in the U.S.\nArif R. Sarwari is a physician and professor of infectious diseases at West Virginia University. Amid rising concerns among doctors and public health officials, Sarwari helped explain what Candida auris is, how it is spreading, and how worried people in the U.S. should be.\n5. What is Candida auris?\n\nCandida auris is a recently identified, single-cell fungus that can infect humans and is moderately resistant to existing antifungal drugs. You might be familiar with superficial fungal infections — like athlete’s foot or vaginal yeast infections — which are quite common and don’t pose significant risks to most people. In contrast, Candida auris and other related fungi can cause infections within a person’s body and are much more dangerous.\nCandida auris is a type of yeast that was first identified in 2009 and is one of a number of species in the candida family that can infect people. In the past, most invasive candida infections were caused by Candida albicans. Recently, though, infections with species of candida that are much more resistant to drugs than Candida albicans — like Candida auris — have shot up, with a nearly fivefold increase since 2019.\n4. How dangerous are candida infections?\nFor the most part, healthy people do not have to worry about invasive candida infections. Two groups of people are most at risk for dangerous candida infections: first are patients in intensive care units who also have central intravenous catheters and are receiving broad-spectrum antibiotics. Patients with weak immune systems, such as cancer patients on chemotherapy or those with human immunodeficiency virus, are also at high risk of candida infection.\nNearly all people have candida fungi growing in their guts and on their skin as part of their microbiome. When a person is healthy, candida numbers are low, but the fungi can proliferate rapidly and overcome a person’s immune system when a patient is sick and on antibiotics.\nIf candida cells on a person’s skin contaminate an intravenous line, the fungus can get into a patient’s bloodstream and often cause deadly bloodstream infections. Candida species are the fourth most common cause of hospital-associated bloodstream infections.\nThere are three classes of antifungal drugs that can be used to fight invasive candida infections. Candida albicans are susceptible to all three and are easier to treat than Candida auris, which is moderately resistant to all three classes of antifungals.\n3. How common are invasive fungal infections?\nThe CDC estimates that in the U.S., around 25,000 patients get candida bloodstream infections yearly.\nCandida bloodstream infections are best understood as a tale of two eras. In the past, they were almost always caused by drug-susceptible Candida albicans that arose endogenously from a patient’s own microbiome. There was no concern about infections spreading to other patients.\nThe recent emergence of drug-resistant and more transmissible Candida auris is raising alarms among health professionals. Because this species can contaminate surfaces and easily spread from patient to patient, the fungus is causing outbreaks both within and between hospitals.\n\n2. Why are fungal infections increasing?\nFungal infections have risen in the U.S. in recent years, especially infections caused by Candida auris. The pathogen only caused a few infections each year between 2013 and 2016, but starting in 2017, infections began to rise rapidly with 2,377 confirmed cases recorded in 2022 according to the CDC. Deaths caused by all candida infections are rising, too, from 1,010 in 2018 to nearly 1,800 in 2021.\nThe reasons for this increase are complicated, but I think there are two main drivers: more, sicker patients in hospitals and a stressed health system, both of which got worse during the COVID-19 pandemic.\nHospitals are seeing more very sick patients with weak immune systems, especially as the population ages. This means there are more susceptible patients at hospitals to begin with.\nAdditionally, any time the health system is stressed — like during a pandemic — drug-resistant bacterial and fungal infections increase. This is because very sick patients are usually in crowded wards and exposed to many antibiotics. In addition, loss of hospital staff and increased workload results in lower quality sanitation — causing more spread of resistant pathogens.\nI view the rise of drug-resistant fungi like Candida auris through the same lens as worsening antibiotic resistance. The more antibiotics people use, the greater the chances a resistant strain will become dominant.\n1. What can the medical community do about it?\nThere are a few options for fighting the rise of drug-resistant Candida auris.\nThe most effective measures are good infection control practices. These behaviors and protocols include practicing good hand hygiene before and after each patient contact, wearing isolation gowns and gloves that are carefully discarded in a patient’s room, and taking measures to detect Candida auris infections early and isolate patients to prevent the spread. Though relatively simple, these actions are key to preventing the spread of all antibiotic-resistant pathogens, not just fungi.\nThe second option is to develop better drugs to treat new, antifungal-resistant strains of candida. Many new antifungal drugs are already under development. However, prevention through sound infection control will always remain foundational, as further drug development is akin to an arms race.\nThis article was originally published on The Conversation by Arif R. Sarwari at West Virginia University. Read the original article here.","link":"https://www.inverse.com/health/deadly-fungus-candida-auris-us-hospitals","enclosure":null},{"title":"À cause de la sécheresse, la forêt absorbe moins de CO2","creator":"Magali Reinert","pubDate":"Thu, 20 Apr 2023 06:54:39 +0000","contentSnippet":"En France, la mortalité des arbres est en hausse de 50 % sous l'effet des sécheresses successives et de la prolifération des ravageurs. Ce qui réduit leur capacité d'absorption du CO2. \n « Les forêts françaises absorbent deux fois moins de carbone qu'il y a dix ans ! » a alerté début avril sur Twitter Philippe Ciais, chercheur du CEA au Laboratoire des sciences du climat et de l'environnement (LSCE). Le scientifique extrapole la tendance actuelle à un futur proche, très proche : « En 2026, on serait dans le (...)\n \n \n            Lire la suite \n             \n            - \n                Info \n             \n             \n            /  \n                Climat  \n            ,  \n                Forêts \n            ,  \n                Sciences","link":"https://reporterre.net/A-cause-de-la-secheresse-la-foret-absorbe-moins-de-CO2","enclosure":null},{"title":"Dessaler l'eau de mer : fausse solution, vraie catastrophe écologique","creator":"Hortense Chauvin","pubDate":"Thu, 20 Apr 2023 06:53:40 +0000","contentSnippet":"Des communes françaises se sont récemment mises au dessalement de l'eau de mer pour faire face à la sécheresse. Ce procédé a cependant des répercussions écologiques néfastes. \n Faute de pluie, boirons-nous bientôt de l'eau dessalée ? L'idée peut sembler tentante, alors que le pays se dirige, lentement mais sûrement, vers une nouvelle sécheresse estivale, et que le changement climatique promet de raréfier nos ressources en eau. \n \nDéjà adopté depuis une cinquantaine d'années sur l'île de Sein, en Bretagne, le (...)\n \n \n            Lire la suite \n             \n            - \n                Info \n             \n             \n            /  \n                Eau et rivières \n            ,  \n                Mers et océans","link":"https://reporterre.net/Dessaler-l-eau-de-mer-fausse-solution-vraie-catastrophe-ecologique","enclosure":null},{"title":"Des parcs éoliens en mer font fuir une espèce d'oiseaux marins, démontrent des chercheurs","creator":"","pubDate":"Wed, 19 Apr 2023 08:33:25 +0000","contentSnippet":"Certains parcs éoliens en mer ont un effet repoussoir important sur au moins une catégorie d'oiseaux marins, indiquent jeudi des scientifiques dans une étude, qui conclut que le développement des énergies renouvelables devra à l'avenir \"éviter d'amplifier la crise de la biodiversité\".","link":"https://www.geo.fr/environnement/des-parcs-eoliens-en-mer-font-fuir-une-espece-doiseaux-marins-demontrent-des-chercheurs-214267","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://geo.img.pmdstatic.net/fit/https.3A.2F.2Fi.2Epmdstatic.2Enet.2Fgeo.2F2023.2F04.2F14.2Fd46c6d5c-2cd8-45bd-9f3f-d98223f19b1d.2Ejpeg/1200x900/quality/80/des-parcs-eoliens-en-mer-font-fuir-une-espece-d-oiseaux-marins-demontrent-des-chercheurs.jpg"}},{"title":"Les Vikings auraient quitté le Groenland à cause d'une élévation du niveau de la mer, selon une étude de Harvard","creator":"","pubDate":"Wed, 19 Apr 2023 08:32:38 +0000","contentSnippet":"Des chercheurs de l’université Harvard ont révélé dans une nouvelle étude la vraie raison du départ des Vikings du Groenland. Selon eux, c’est à cause d’une élévation du niveau de la mer, provoquée par une augmentation de la taille de la calotte glaciaire.","link":"https://www.geo.fr/histoire/les-vikings-auraient-quitte-le-groenland-a-cause-dune-elevation-du-niveau-de-la-mer-selon-une-etude-de-harvard-214327","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://geo.img.pmdstatic.net/fit/https.3A.2F.2Fi.2Epmdstatic.2Enet.2Fgeo.2F2023.2F04.2F18.2F968bb7d8-2d89-42b3-bde8-634dc7436006.2Ejpeg/1200x900/quality/80/les-vikings-auraient-quitte-le-groenland-a-cause-d-une-elevation-du-niveau-de-la-mer-selon-une-etude-de-harvard.jpg"}},{"title":"Biodiversity targets may be slipping out of reach - study","creator":"","pubDate":"Wed, 19 Apr 2023 08:26:04 +0000","contentSnippet":"Ambitious targets to halt the decline in nature may already be slipping out of reach, research suggests.","link":"https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-65315823?at_medium=RSS&at_campaign=KARANGA","enclosure":null},{"title":"A toxin banned decades ago is found in one of the deepest parts of the Pacific Ocean","creator":"Siri Chilukuri","pubDate":"Wed, 19 Apr 2023 08:24:27 +0000","contentSnippet":"The Atacama Trench in the Pacific Ocean off the coasts of Peru and Chile is one of the deepest places in the world, and researchers found that a globally banned toxin exists there — tens of thousands of feet below the ocean’s surface. \n  \n  \n  \n  \nThe trench, which is 26,000 feet below sea level, is one of several ocean trenches at that depth and a new study is shedding light on the presence of PCBs, or polychlorinated biphenyls, in that area. \n  \n  \n  \n  \n“No one would expect to find pollutants in such a place,” said Ronnie N. Glud, a co-author of the study and a professor of biology at the University of Southern Denmark.\n  \n  \n  \n  \nPCBs are a group of substances that were first manufactured in 1930. The compounds were mainly used for building construction and electrical equipment, but their health impacts only became clear decades after they were originally manufactured. Much like “forever chemicals,” the group of chemicals are man-made compounds that don’t break down over time. \n  \n  \n  \n  \nThe toxins are also carcinogenic and known to cause reproductive issues, which led to their ban in the U.S. in 1979 and eventually worldwide in 2001. Today, they linger in the soil and cause problems when people are exposed to the compounds.\n  \n  \n  \n  \nThe fact that PCBs are still present, 50 years after the ban took place, in one of the more remote areas of the world is intriguing to researchers. \n  \n  \n  \n  \n“It is thought-provoking that we find traces of human activity at the bottom of a deep-sea trench, a place that most people probably perceive as distant and isolated from our society,” Glud said in a press release. \n  \n  \n  \n  \nIn the ocean, as on land, they still pose a threat to living organisms. A 2018 study found that half of the world’s killer whale population is threatened by PCBs. \n  \n  \n  \n  \nWhile PCBs have been found in other places in the ocean, they have not been found as deep as the Atacama Trench. Other toxic substances like mercury and black carbon, which is made of soot and smog, had also been found in trenches — but those other compounds are still being manufactured, unlike PCBs, which have been out of production for decades. \n  \n  \n  \n  \nPCBs, like other pollutants, are not water-soluble, which means they don’t break down in water. The researchers found that the PCBs reached the ocean’s underground through multiple routes, including through plankton that had ingested the PCBs and then died, sinking to the bottom of the trench.\n  \n  \n  \n  \nAfter contaminants like PCBs have made their way into the ocean, often they become a part of the sedimentation cycle through which rocks are formed and broken down. This complex geological cycle might explain why a contaminant from over 50 years ago which was banned 20 years ago is not only present in the deepest layers of the ocean, but is actually increasing in concentration. \n  \n  \n  \n  \nPCBs have only recently reached the deepest trenches, according to Glud. “Concentrations have not yet peaked,” he said. “We may see higher concentrations in a few years.” \n  \nThis story was originally published by Grist with the headline A toxin banned decades ago is found in one of the deepest parts of the Pacific Ocean on Apr 18, 2023.","link":"https://grist.org/article/a-toxin-banned-decades-ago-is-found-in-one-of-the-deepest-parts-of-the-pacific-ocean/","enclosure":null},{"title":"Eau potable polluée au chlorothalonil : quels risques ?","creator":"Coralie Lemke","pubDate":"Thu, 13 Apr 2023 20:54:32 +0000","contentSnippet":"L'eau potable d'un tiers des départements français est contaminée par des métabolites du chlorothalonil, un pesticide interdit depuis 2019.","link":"https://www.sciencesetavenir.fr/nature-environnement/pollution/eau-potable-polluee-au-chlorothalonil-un-pesticide-interdit-en-france-quels-risques_170618?xtor=RSS-15","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://www.sciencesetavenir.fr/assets/img/2023/04/12/cover-r4x3w1000-6436a6ecc4d8b-075-porzycki-dailylif220613-npqcz.jpg"}},{"title":"La sécheresse empêche le sol de stocker du carbone","creator":"Nathalie Mayer, Journaliste","pubDate":"Thu, 13 Apr 2023 20:54:00 +0000","contentSnippet":"Les sols souffrent de la sécheresse. L’adaptation à des épisodes de sécheresse de plus en plus fréquents et intenses sera difficile pour les plantes. Les micro-organismes qui se cachent dans les sols, eux, s’y feront, promettent les chercheurs. Mais à quel prix ?","link":"https://www.futura-sciences.com/planete/actualites/rechauffement-climatique-secheresse-empeche-sol-stocker-carbone-104670/#xtor%3DRSS-8","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpg","url":"https://cdn.futura-sciences.com/buildsv6/images/wide1920/1/e/2/1e2f714d5c_50200871_secheresse-stoclage-co2-sol.jpg"}},{"title":"Des momies mexicaines pourraient infecter les humains","creator":"Slate.fr","pubDate":"Fri, 07 Apr 2023 12:53:34 +0000","contentSnippet":"Des traces de champignons ont été découvertes sur ces cadavres. Lire la suite","link":"https://www.slate.fr/story/243728/mexique-momies-risque-contamination-infection-humains-champignons","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://www.slate.fr/sites/default/files/styles/1440x600/public/momie_1.jpg"}},{"title":"Perdu: 2,5 tonnes d'uranium naturel en Libye","creator":"Nina Bailly","pubDate":"Fri, 07 Apr 2023 09:33:36 +0000","contentSnippet":"Si vous détenez une information, merci de vous adresser à l'ONU. Lire la suite","link":"https://korii.slate.fr/et-caetera/deux-tonnes-uranium-libye-disparu-nucleaire-securite-onu","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://korii.slate.fr/sites/default/files/styles/1440x600/public/nucleaire.jpg"}},{"title":"Chine: Evergrande annonce une offre de rachat de sa dette par des créanciers internationaux","creator":"RFI","pubDate":"Fri, 07 Apr 2023 09:30:53 +0000","contentSnippet":"Le plan de restructuration de la dette de l'ex-numéro un de l'immobilier en Chine, Evergrande, a été approuvé par ses créanciers. Une avancée décisive pour le groupe, au bord de la faillite, étranglé par une dette massive de près de 300 milliards de dollars.","link":"https://www.rfi.fr/fr/%C3%A9conomie/20230404-chine-evergrande-annonce-une-offre-de-rachat-de-sa-dette-par-des-cr%C3%A9anciers-internationaux","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://s.rfi.fr/media/display/d36ac2a0-d30f-11ed-a4a4-005056a90284/w:1024/p:16x9/AP23082331020707.jpg"}},{"title":"Greenhouse gas emissions rose at ‘alarming’ rate last year, US data shows","creator":"Nina Lakhani Climate justice reporter","pubDate":"Thu, 06 Apr 2023 15:55:25 +0000","contentSnippet":"Noaa report shows rapid increase in atmospheric levels of carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide\nRecord temperatures, devastating floods and superstorms are causing death and destruction across the planet but humans are failing to cut greenhouse gas emissions fueling the climate emergency, new US data shows.\nAtmospheric levels of carbon dioxide (CO2), methane and nitrous oxide – the greenhouse gases emitted by human activity that are the most significant contributors to global heating – continued to increase rapidly during 2022, according to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (Noaa).\n Continue reading...","link":"https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/apr/06/greenhouse-gas-emissions-noaa-report-us-data","enclosure":null},{"title":"Polluants éternels : « Des données potentiellement explosives » bloquées par Matignon","creator":"Fabienne Loiseau","pubDate":"Thu, 06 Apr 2023 15:55:15 +0000","contentSnippet":"Une étude sur les PFAS, des polluants persistants dans les sols et l'eau, est retenue à Matignon depuis octobre 2022, dénonce le député écologiste Nicolas Thierry. \n Quelle est l'ampleur de la présence des PFAS, ces polluants persistants, dans l'environnement, les sols et les eaux souterraines ? La réponse est dans l'étude commandée en février 2022 par Barbara Pompili sur ces substances per- et polyfluoroalkylées, et qui devait être rendue en octobre 2022. Mais alors que le document est finalisé, il est (...)\n \n \n            Lire la suite \n             \n            - \n                Info \n             \n             \n            /  \n                Pollutions","link":"https://reporterre.net/Polluants-eternels-Des-donnees-potentiellement-explosives-bloquees-par-Matignon","enclosure":null},{"title":"En France, l'eau potable est largement contaminée par des résidus d'un fongicide interdit","creator":"","pubDate":"Thu, 06 Apr 2023 15:55:04 +0000","contentSnippet":"L'eau potable en France est largement contaminée par des résidus issus d'un fongicide interdit depuis plusieurs années, signe de la persistance dans l'environnement de traces de pesticides même longtemps après la fin de leur utilisation, selon un rapport d'un organisme officiel publié jeudi 6 avril.","link":"https://www.geo.fr/environnement/en-france-leau-potable-est-largement-contaminee-par-des-residus-dun-fongicide-interdit-214182","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://geo.img.pmdstatic.net/fit/https.3A.2F.2Fi.2Epmdstatic.2Enet.2Fgeo.2F2023.2F04.2F06.2F069063fd-ffa7-4a8a-a606-67395e3f8c66.2Ejpeg/1200x900/quality/80/en-france-l-eau-potable-est-largement-contaminee-par-des-residus-d-un-fongicide-interdit.jpg"}},{"title":"La fonte des glaciers de l’Himalaya est pire que ce que l’on pensait !","creator":"Morgane Gillard, Rédactrice","pubDate":"Wed, 05 Apr 2023 14:51:31 +0000","contentSnippet":"Une nouvelle étude montre que la perte de masse des glaciers himalayens sur les 20 dernières années aurait été sérieusement sous-estimée, du fait de la non-détection de la fonte de la glace située sous la surface des lacs proglaciaires.","link":"https://www.futura-sciences.com/planete/actualites/rechauffement-climatique-fonte-glaciers-himalaya-pire-ce-on-pensait-104512/#xtor%3DRSS-8","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpg","url":"https://cdn.futura-sciences.com/buildsv6/images/wide1920/3/7/3/3732268a42_50184681_glaciers-himalaya.jpg"}},{"title":"Take it from a Canadian, ticks aren’t nice – and climate change means they’re thriving in the UK | Stephen Buranyi","creator":"Stephen Buranyi","pubDate":"Wed, 05 Apr 2023 14:49:13 +0000","contentSnippet":"England and Scotland are experiencing a tick-borne virus outbreak. We don’t know the causes, but we know rising temperatures will mean more of them\nWhere I’m from, you can’t be considered a responsible outdoor person unless you’re willing to inspect your father’s naked body for ticks. Nova Scotia, on the east coast of Canada, has the dubious honour of being among the tick-iest places in the world. Surely these things are hard to measure, but reputable scientists claim it has the highest tick-to-person ratio in the country, and, at about one case of Lyme disease for every 1,000 residents per year, the highest incidence of Lyme disease as well. Walking outside on anything besides cut grass or concrete is likely to yield multiple tiny, near-indestructible arachnids that immediately make an upward dash for a warm crevice at the knee, armpit or often, groin, to burrow into. Finding and removing them can require a mirror and some contortions, or a helpful and unsqueamish friend or family member.\nThings are – thankfully – not quite so bad in the UK. But the recent outbreak of potentially deadly tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) in England and Scotland is a reminder that ticks are getting worse here, as well. The first suspected incidence of the disease in the UK was in 2019, and cases of Lyme disease also appear to be increasing over the past few years.\nStephen Buranyi is a writer specialising in science and the environment\n Continue reading...","link":"https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2023/apr/05/canada-ticks-uk-climate-change","enclosure":null},{"title":"Le lithium présent dans l'eau potable est-il impliqué dans l'autisme ?","creator":"Claire Manière, Journaliste","pubDate":"Wed, 05 Apr 2023 11:15:39 +0000","contentSnippet":"Le lithium est un oligo-élément naturel qui a des effets stabilisateurs sur l'humeur et qui entre dans la composition des médicaments pour traiter la dépression et les troubles bipolaires. L'utilisation thérapeutique du lithium par la femme enceinte a été associée à des résultats négatifs à la...","link":"https://www.futura-sciences.com/sante/actualites/autisme-lithium-present-eau-potable-il-implique-autisme-104514/#xtor%3DRSS-8","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpg","url":"https://cdn.futura-sciences.com/buildsv6/images/wide1920/e/9/b/e9b0f2570f_50200617_enceinte-eau-robinet-lithium.jpg"}},{"title":"Global banks pledged to cut emissions – but still invest billions on US gas exports","creator":"Taylor Kate Brown","pubDate":"Wed, 05 Apr 2023 11:10:28 +0000","contentSnippet":"Many banks promised to work toward net-zero emissions – but their targets explicitly exempt liquefied natural gas projects\nAmerica’s massive gas export boom is about to get bigger. By the end of the decade, the Gulf coast could see as many as 12 new liquefied natural gas terminals (LNG) built along its shores.\nThis expansion would triple the amount of gas the US currently exports to be burned around the world, adding more than 200 coal plants worth of greenhouse gas emissions each year, according to one estimate.\n Continue reading...","link":"https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/apr/05/banks-emissions-natural-gas-oil-projects-climate-crisis","enclosure":null},{"title":"El Niño is forecast to return in 2023. Here’s what it means for extreme weather and global warming","creator":"","pubDate":"Tue, 04 Apr 2023 15:59:50 +0000","contentSnippet":"The climatic event could have drastic effects from searing heatwaves to stronger storms.","link":"https://www.euronews.com/green/2023/04/03/el-nino-is-forecast-to-return-in-2023-heres-what-it-means-for-extreme-weather-and-global-w","enclosure":null},{"title":"1 adulte sur 6 touché par l'infertilité dans le monde","creator":"","pubDate":"Tue, 04 Apr 2023 15:58:09 +0000","contentSnippet":"Pays pauvres ou riches, tous sont touchés de la même manière : l'infertilité concerne environ 17,5 % de la population adulte dans le monde, nous apprend un rapport de l'OMS (Organisation mondiale de la santé) publié mardi 4 avril. Cela correspond à 1 personne sur 6. \n \n« Les taux sont comparables que les pays soient à revenu élevé, intermédiaire ou faible, ce qui indique qu'il s'agit d'un problème sanitaire majeur dans tous les pays et dans toutes les régions du monde », indique l'OMS. « L'infertilité ne fait pas (...)\n \n \n            Lire la suite \n             \n            - \n                En bref \n             \n             \n            /  \n                Santé","link":"https://reporterre.net/L-infertilite-touche-un-adulte-sur-six-dans-le-monde","enclosure":null},{"title":"Grands fonds marins : l'exploitation minière dès juillet 2023 n'est pas écartée","creator":"Laurent Radisson / Actu-Environnement","pubDate":"Mon, 03 Apr 2023 14:20:34 +0000","contentSnippet":"« Les scientifiques nous avertissent que si l'industrie devait aller de l'avant, elle causerait des dommages permanents et généralisés à notre océan, y compris la destruction d'anciens écosystèmes, l'extinction d'espèces, et risque également de pe...","link":"https://www.actu-environnement.com/ae/news/grands-fonds-marins-exploitation-miniere-juillet-2023-41491.php4#xtor=RSS-6","enclosure":null},{"title":"California regulator fines manufacturer for knowingly exposing workers to toxic chemical","creator":"Naveena Sadasivam","pubDate":"Mon, 03 Apr 2023 11:35:32 +0000","contentSnippet":"The chemical compound ethylene oxide is manufactured and used in hundreds of facilities across the United States. Linked to lymphoma, leukemia, and breast cancer, the carcinogen is used to sterilize about half of all medical devices in the country. Over the last few years, as evidence of its toxicity has become more clear, regulators have attempted to step up enforcement against ethylene oxide emitters. Still, penalties for allowing workers — who have some of the highest exposure risks — to breathe dangerous levels of the chemical have been few and far between.\n  \n  \n  \n  \nThat may be changing. In the Southern California city of Carson, Parter Medical Products uses ethylene oxide in the process of manufacturing single-use petri dishes and vials. Last week, the California Division of Occupational Safety and Health, or Cal/OSHA, fined the facility more than $800,000 for exposing its employees to dangerous levels of the toxic substance.\n  \n  \n  \n  \nBetween 2019 and 2023, the agency found that employees were repeatedly exposed to as much as five times the state’s standard for acceptable exposure. For endangering employees’ health, the agency issued 18 citations, which included what it calls “willful-serious” cases in which the agency found that Parter knowingly exposed employees to the toxic chemical.   \n  \n  \n  \n  \n“Our inspection showed this was not an isolated incident of chemical overexposure to workers,” Cal/OSHA chief Jeff Killip said in a press release. “The employer failed to take action to protect employees even after it knew that some of them were exposed to dangerous levels of ethylene oxide.”\n  \n  \n  \n  \nThe enforcement action comes as federal regulation of ethylene oxide is evolving. In 2016, the Environmental Protection Agency, or EPA, found that ethylene oxide was 30 times more toxic for adults than previously thought. The agency set a new upper limit for lifetime cancer risk at 11 parts per trillion, or ppt. That means if 10,000 people are exposed to ethylene oxide at an 11-ppt concentration for 70 years, one of them will develop cancer. That such a low concentration of ethylene oxide can result in cancer is a sign of its extraordinary toxicity. \n  \n  \n  \n  \n“This is a highly toxic compound,” said Jane Williams, executive director of California Communities Against Toxics. “Besides dioxin, it’s now the most toxic compound that we regulate in our regulatory infrastructures, and you have workers that are at the highest exposures.”\n  \n  \n  \n  \nThe EPA and other federal and state agencies that oversee air quality and worker safety have slowly moved to tighten exposure standards and emission rules. In California, the legal threshold at which regulatory agencies intervene to protect workers’ health is 1 part per million, or ppm, over 8 hours of exposure. At Parter, Cal/OSHA found one employee was exposed to levels on average five times larger than that limit. \n  \n  \n  \n  \nParter first ran into trouble last year. The South Coast Air Quality Management District, a local regulatory agency, collected air samples within the facility and conducted air monitoring outside the facility in July. When it found ethylene oxide levels that were higher than permitted, it issued Parter a notice of violation for releasing air contaminants that endanger health and safety of the public and also referred the case to Cal/OSHA. In response, Parter shut down operations in August and installed air pollution control equipment to better capture ethylene oxide emissions.\n  \n  \n  \n  \nHowever, after the facility reopened, Cal/OSHA reinspected it in December and found that workers were still being exposed to unacceptably high levels of ethylene oxide. As a result, six of the 18 citations Cal/OSHA issued are “willful-serious,” a category reserved for situations when the employer was “aware that an unsafe or hazardous condition existed and made no reasonable effort to eliminate the condition.”\n  \n  \n  \n  \nParter representatives did not respond to Grist’s requests for comment. \n  \n  \n  \n  \nCal/OSHA’s fine may be a sign of more significant enforcement action forthcoming against other companies in the state. There are 14 other commercial sterilizer facilities in California. In the cities of Vernon and Ontario, two facilities owned by Sterigenics were similarly investigated last year by the South Coast air district and found to be in violation of air quality rules. \n  \n  \n  \n  \nCal/OSHA’s findings raise a number of questions about what the Parter facility’s emissions mean not just for its workers, but also for those who live nearby. The plant is located just 700 feet from a residential community and about 2,000 feet from an elementary school. The local air district has set up monitors in the community and recent readings show that levels are below the state’s standard for residential cancer risk of 260 ppt — but they are three to 20 times higher than the level the EPA considers safe. \n  \n  \n  \n  \n“You have parts-per-million levels inside [the facility],” said Williams. “There’s no way you can have parts-per-million levels inside that building and protect people at the fenceline.”\n  \n  \n  \n  \nThe South Coast Air Quality Management District did not respond to Grist’s questions in time for publication.\n  \n  \n  \n  \nThe local air quality district is working on new rules to tighten standards for ethylene oxide emissions from sterilizer facilities like Parter’s. The EPA is also working on a series of rules addressing the chemical’s emissions from the manufacturing sector as well as sterilizer facilities. On Friday, the agency is expected to announce a draft rule requiring additional pollution controls for facilities that manufacture ethylene oxide. Separately, the agency is also working on rules to reduce emissions from sterilizer facilities. However, in 2014 and 2022 the agency missed previous deadlines to propose new rules that better protect communities from ethylene oxide exposure. The environmental group Earthjustice sued the agency late last year over the delay.\n  \n  \n  \n  \nEditor’s note: Earthjustice is an advertiser with Grist. Advertisers have no role in Grist’s editorial decisions.\n  \n  \n  \n  \nLylla Younes contributed reporting to this story.\n  \nThis story was originally published by Grist with the headline California regulator fines manufacturer for knowingly exposing workers to toxic chemical on Mar 30, 2023.","link":"https://grist.org/regulation/carson-california-osha-ethylene-oxide-fine/","enclosure":null},{"title":"We’re Facing a Shortage of This Key Ingredient to Climate Resilience","creator":"Julia Kuzovkina,, ,John Campanelli, and ,The Conversation","pubDate":"Mon, 03 Apr 2023 07:02:18 +0000","contentSnippet":"Spring is planting time for home gardeners, landscapers, and public works agencies across the United States. And there’s rising demand for native plants — species that are genetically adapted to the specific regions where they are used.\nNative plants have evolved with local climates and soil conditions. As a result, they generally require less maintenance, such as watering and fertilizing, after they become established, and they are harder than non-native species.\nMany federal, state, and city agencies rank native plants as a first choice for restoring areas that have been disturbed by natural disasters or human activities like mining and development. Repairing damaged landscapes is a critical strategy for slowing climate change and species loss.\nBut there’s one big problem: There aren’t enough native seeds. This issue is so serious that it was the subject of a recent report from the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. The study found an urgent need to build a native seed supply.\nAs plant scientists who have worked on ecological restoration projects, we’re familiar with this challenge. Here’s how we are working to promote the use of native plants for roadside restoration in New England, including by building up a seed supply network.\nThe need for native plants\nMany stressors can damage and degrade the land. They include natural disasters, such as wildfires and flooding, and human actions, such as urbanization, energy production, ranching, and development.\nInvasive plants often move into disturbed areas, causing further harm. They may drift there on the wind, be excreted by birds and animals that consume fruit, or be introduced by humans, unintentionally or deliberately.\nEcological restoration aims to bring back degraded lands’ native biological diversity and the ecological functions that these areas provide, such as sheltering wildlife and soaking up floodwater. In 2021, the United Nations launched the U.N. Decade on Ecosystem Restoration to promote such efforts worldwide.\nNative plants have many features that make them an essential part of healthy ecosystems. For example, they provide long-term defense against invasive and noxious weeds; shelter local pollinators and wildlife; and have roots that stabilize soil, which helps reduce erosion.\nRestoration projects require vast quantities of native seeds — but commercial supplies fall far short of what’s needed. Developing a batch of seeds for a specific species takes skill and several years of lead time to either collect native seeds in the wild or grow plants to produce them. Suppliers say one of their biggest obstacles is unpredictable demand from large-scale customers, such as government and tribal agencies, that don’t plan far enough ahead for producers to have stocks ready.\n\nRestoring roadsides in New England\nMost drivers give little thought to what grows next to highways, but the wrong plants in these areas can cause serious problems. Roadsides that aren’t replanted using ecological restoration methods may erode and be taken over by invasive weeds. Ecological restoration provides effective erosion control and better habitat habitats for wildlife and pollinators. It’s also more attractive.\nFor decades, state transportation departments across the U.S. used non-native cool-season turfgrasses, such as fescue and ryegrass, to restore roadsides. The main benefits of using these species, which grow well during the cooler months of spring and fall, were that they grew fast and provided a quick cover.\nThen in 2013, the New England Transportation Consortium — a research cooperative funded by state transportation agencies — commissioned our research team to help the states transition to native warm-season grasses instead. These grasses grow well in hot, dry weather and need less moisture than cool-season grasses. One of us, John Campanelli, developed the framework for selecting plant species based on conservation practices and identified methods for establishing native plant communities for the region.\nWe recommended using warm-season grasses that are native to the region, such as little bluestem, purple lovegrass, switchgrass, and purpletop. These species required less long-term maintenance and less-frequent mowing than the cool-season species that agencies had previously used.\n\nTo ensure sound conservation practices, we wanted to use seeds produced locally. Seeds sourced from other locations would produce grasses that would interbreed with local ecotypes — grasses adapted to New England — and disrupt the local grasses’ gene complexes.\nAt that time, however, there was no reliable seed supply for local ecotypes in New England. Only a few sources offered an incomplete selection of small quantities of local seeds, at prices that were too expensive for large-scale restoration projects. Most organizations carrying out ecological restoration projects purchased their bulk seeds mainly from large wholesale producers in the Midwest, which introduced non-local genetic material to the restoration sites.\nImproving native seed supply chains\nMany agencies are concerned that the lack of a local seed supply could limit restoration efforts in New England. To tackle this problem, our team launched a project in 2022 with funding from the New England Transportation Consortium. Our goals are to increase native plantings and pollinator habitats with seeds from local ecotypes, and to make our previous recommendations for roadside restoration with native grasses more feasible.\nAs we analyzed ways to obtain affordable native seeds for these roadside projects, we learned about work by Eve Allen, a master’s degree student in city planning at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. For her thesis, Allen used supply chain management and social network analysis to identify the best methods to strengthen the native seed supply chain network.\nHer research showed that developing native seed supplies would require cooperative partnerships that included federal, state, and local government agencies and the private and nonprofit sectors. Allen contacted many of these organizations’ stakeholders and established a broad network. This led to the launch of the regional Northeast Seed Network, which will be hosted by the Massachusetts-based Native Plant Trust, a nonprofit that conserves New England’s native plants.\nWe expect this network will promote all aspects of native seed production in the region, from collecting seeds in the wild to cultivating plants for seed production, developing regional seed markets, and carrying out related research. In the meantime, we are developing a road map for new revegetation practices in New England.\nWe aim to build greater coordination between these agencies and seed producers to promote expanded selections of affordable native seeds and make demand more predictable. Our ultimate goal is to help native plants, bees, and butterflies thrive along roads throughout New England.\nThis article was originally published on The Conversation by Julia Kuzovkina and John Campanelliat at the University of Connecticut. Read the original article here.","link":"https://www.inverse.com/science/native-seed-shortage-land-restoration","enclosure":null},{"title":"La fonte de l'Antarctique perturbe les courants océaniques","creator":"","pubDate":"Sun, 02 Apr 2023 18:41:18 +0000","contentSnippet":"La fonte rapide des glaces de l'Antarctique risque de ralentir considérablement les courants d'eau profonde dans les océans, avec des conséquences catastrophiques pour les écosystèmes et le système climatique, selon une étude parue le 29 mars dans la revue Nature. \n \nLes courants océaniques jouent un rôle majeur pour notre planète. Au niveau de l'Antarctique, de milliards de litres d'eau froide, très salée et riche en oxygène, coulent chaque année vers les profondeurs de l'océan, avant de circuler vers les (...)\n \n \n            Lire la suite \n             \n            - \n                En bref \n             \n             \n            /  \n                Mers et océans","link":"https://reporterre.net/La-fonte-de-l-Antarctique-perturbe-les-courants-oceaniques","enclosure":null},{"title":"Pourquoi la sécheresse dans les Alpes est-elle particulièrement inquiétante ?","creator":"","pubDate":"Sun, 02 Apr 2023 18:40:08 +0000","contentSnippet":"Les Alpes, \"château d'eau de l'Europe\", ne sont pas épargnées par l'actuel épisode de sécheresse, notamment leur partie méridionale, relève Juliette Blanchet, chargée de recherche à l’Université Grenoble-Alpes et spécialiste en hydrométéorologie. Rencontre.","link":"https://www.geo.fr/environnement/pourquoi-la-secheresse-dans-les-alpes-est-elle-particulierement-inquietante-214071","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://geo.img.pmdstatic.net/fit/https.3A.2F.2Fi.2Epmdstatic.2Enet.2Fgeo.2F2023.2F03.2F30.2Fef86a073-a66c-433c-a6a4-f1123daea16e.2Ejpeg/1200x900/quality/80/pourquoi-la-secheresse-dans-les-alpes-est-elle-particulierement-inquietante.jpg"}},{"title":"Pour la première fois, ce champignon qui s'attaque aux arbres a infecté un humain","creator":"Julie Kern, Cheffe de rubrique Santé","pubDate":"Fri, 31 Mar 2023 14:35:06 +0000","contentSnippet":"Un champignon qui infecte d'ordinaire seulement les plantes a été identifié dans les voies respiratoires d'un homme en Inde. Un cas unique en son genre pour le moment.","link":"https://www.futura-sciences.com/sante/actualites/maladie-infectieuse-premiere-fois-ce-champignon-attaque-arbres-infecte-humain-104390/#xtor%3DRSS-8","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpg","url":"https://cdn.futura-sciences.com/buildsv6/images/wide1920/7/7/2/772d8cb7e8_50200396_infection-fongique.jpg"}},{"title":"The Chemical Menace Inside Glaciers and Icebergs","creator":"Sophia Chen","pubDate":"Fri, 31 Mar 2023 13:15:37 +0000","contentSnippet":"Ice can trap pollutants and accelerate their breakdown, with troubling environmental consequences.","link":"https://www.wired.com/story/pollutant-degradation-ice-cores-antarctica/","enclosure":null},{"title":"La calotte glaciaire du Groenland s'approche d'un dangereux point de basculement, selon une étude","creator":"","pubDate":"Fri, 31 Mar 2023 12:12:28 +0000","contentSnippet":"Selon une étude, la calotte glaciaire du Groenland est arrivée à la moitié d'un point de basculement qui pourrait provoquer la fonte de sa partie sud. Une disparition de l'inlandsis augmenterait de sept mètres le niveau des mers.","link":"https://www.geo.fr/environnement/la-calotte-glaciaire-du-groenland-sapproche-dun-dangereux-point-de-basculement-selon-une-etude-214029","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://geo.img.pmdstatic.net/fit/https.3A.2F.2Fi.2Epmdstatic.2Enet.2Fgeo.2F2023.2F03.2F28.2F90c91e27-6197-4a40-b793-da2a190f68d4.2Ejpeg/1200x900/quality/80/la-calotte-glaciaire-du-groenland-s-approche-d-un-dangereux-point-de-basculement-selon-une-etude.jpg"}},{"title":"‘Ukraine is a false justification’: America’s destructive new rush for natural gas","creator":"Pam Radtke for Floodlight","pubDate":"Mon, 20 Mar 2023 16:55:46 +0000","contentSnippet":"As the war in Ukraine sent natural gas prices skyrocketing, liquid natural gas (LNG) plants are springing up all along the fragile Gulf Coast – seriously harming not just local communities but the world’s ability to keep the entire climate crisis at bay\nAbout 30 miles south of New Orleans, a construction site visible from space is rising. Sandwiched between the Mississippi River and disappearing wetlands, the 256-hectare (632-acre) site is visited by a stream of tipper trucks and concrete mixers that stir up dust on Louisiana 23, the state highway that goes down to Venice, the last spot of land before the river’s water flows into the Gulf of Mexico.\nThe wetlands protect the area from hurricane surge and provide critical habitat for fisheries. But when completed in 2025, the construction site here will host a series of tanks and pipes designed for one purpose: to supercool natural gas into liquid form, so it can be transported on giant tankers to sell around the world to the highest bidder.\n Continue reading...","link":"https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/mar/20/ukraine-is-a-false-justification-americas-destructive-new-rush-for-natural-gas","enclosure":null},{"title":"Weather tracker: sea surface temperatures hit record high","creator":"Azure Prior (Metdesk)","pubDate":"Mon, 20 Mar 2023 16:54:28 +0000","contentSnippet":"Analysis shows record occurred after La Niña period, when temperatures across central and eastern Pacific tend to be cooler \nSea surface temperatures (SSTs) reached a record high on 16 March this year, surpassing the previous record set in March 2016, according to an analysis by the US’s National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. This is particularly surprising as it occurred after three years of La Niña, where SST anomalies across the central and eastern Pacific tend to be cooler than normal. The previous record set in 2016 was recorded after an El Niño: this would be more normal as SSTs across the central Pacific are warmer than average and therefore have time to build warmth at the ocean surface. It means a particularly intense El Niño year or a long period of Pacific Ocean warming is no longer necessary to achieve record high global SSTs.\nMeanwhile, in Australia a heatwave has been building throughout the past week, bringing scorching conditions across much of the country with many weather stations breaking their March maximum temperature records as well as their highest minimum temperature records. By Sunday, many areas of New South Wales in particular recorded temperatures in the high 30s and low 40s celsius. For example, Beaudesert Drumley Street, a station near Brisbane, registered a record high temperature for March of 38.4C on 17 March and Wilcannia reached a scorching 43.8C on 19 March. This hot spell is also not likely to break down completely until later next week with temperatures continuing into the high 30s celsius. With the addition of an El Niño on the horizon later this year, Australia could see the return of drought conditions.\n Continue reading...","link":"https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/mar/20/weather-tracker-sea-surface-temperatures-hit-record-high","enclosure":null},{"title":"Plasticroûte : des roches composées à partir de déchets plastiques découvertes au Brésil","creator":"","pubDate":"Fri, 17 Mar 2023 05:38:00 +0000","contentSnippet":"Des chercheurs ont révélé que des rochers de l'île de Trindad, au sud-est du Brésil, se sont formés à la faveur de l'accumulation des déchets plastiques. Une nouvelle illustration de l'influence de l'activité humaine sur la géologie terrestre.","link":"https://www.geo.fr/environnement/plasticroute-des-roches-composees-a-partir-de-dechets-plastiques-decouvertes-au-bresil-213884","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://geo.img.pmdstatic.net/fit/https.3A.2F.2Fi.2Epmdstatic.2Enet.2Fgeo.2F2023.2F03.2F16.2Fb3bdedbe-0bb6-4c6f-9f85-ad1f6d55f013.2Ejpeg/1200x900/quality/80/plasticroute-des-roches-composees-a-partir-de-dechets-plastiques-decouvertes-au-bresil.jpg"}},{"title":"‘Phenomenal loophole’ in quotas could lead to massive overfishing","creator":"Arthur Neslen","pubDate":"Thu, 16 Mar 2023 07:47:17 +0000","contentSnippet":"Exclusive: Drastically weakened rules on how vessels document their catches of endangered species could endanger the marine ecosystem, confidential EU papers reveal\nA push by EU fishing nations including France and Spain to weaken how fish catches are reported could see massive overfishing of endangered species and even “call into question” the whole point of setting quotas, according to confidential EU documents seen by the Guardian.\nEurope’s most commonly fished species – which include mackerel, tuna, Atlantic herring and sprat – could be threatened under the latest proposal, which would apply to all vessels in EU waters.\n Continue reading...","link":"https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/mar/16/loophole-quotas-overfishing-endangered-species-eu-papers","enclosure":null},{"title":"Une recharge insuffisante des nappes augure d’un été difficile pour la ressource en eau","creator":"Loïc Chauveau","pubDate":"Thu, 16 Mar 2023 07:46:01 +0000","contentSnippet":"Pour la deuxième année consécutive, la recharge hivernale des nappes phréatiques s’avère insuffisante pour assurer les besoins en eau de l’été 2023. La pénurie devrait de nouveau impacter les activités agricoles, énergétiques et touristiques et affecter l’environnement.","link":"https://www.sciencesetavenir.fr/nature-environnement/developpement-durable/les-nappes-phreatiques-sont-a-un-niveau-tres-bas-et-leur-recharge-insuffisante-augure-d-un-ete-difficile-pour-la-ressource-en-eau_169955?xtor=RSS-15","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://www.sciencesetavenir.fr/assets/img/2023/03/13/cover-r4x3w1000-640f2d17943fa-043-picture-05173831-48ad-11e8-b360-000000000001.jpg"}},{"title":"Un rapport alerte sur la « crédibilité » de l'Anses","creator":"","pubDate":"Wed, 15 Mar 2023 17:11:51 +0000","contentSnippet":"C'est un document de 139 pages publié en toute discrétion, mais qui a fait l'effet d'une bombe à Maisons-Alfort (Val-de-Marne). Le conseil scientifique de l'Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (Anses) a alerté sur « la crédibilité des expertises de l'agence » dans un rapport publié vendredi 10 mars, rapporte Le Monde. \n \nLe conseil scientifique, composé d'une trentaine de chercheurs pour la plupart indépendants de l'agence, a été sollicité à la suite de (...)\n \n \n            Lire la suite \n             \n            - \n                En bref \n             \n             \n            /  \n                Pollutions \n            ,  \n                Santé","link":"https://reporterre.net/Un-rapport-alerte-sur-la-credibilite-de-l-Anses","enclosure":null},{"title":"Air pollution hindering mating of fruit flies by reducing output of male scent","creator":"Sofia Quaglia","pubDate":"Wed, 15 Mar 2023 07:23:25 +0000","contentSnippet":"Study shows high ozone levels make males emit fewer pheromones to attract females, which may lead to population decline\nAir pollution is making it harder for fruit flies to mate because females cannot easily recognise a male’s scent, a study has found.\nFemale fruit flies select their mates for reproduction through the scent of their pheromones, but ozone pollution can disrupt the male’s ability to emit their characteristic odour, researchers have found. This means contaminated air can pose a threat to how successfully fruit flies and other insects reproduce, and could lead to population decline.\n Continue reading...","link":"https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/mar/14/air-pollution-hindering-mating-of-fruit-flies-by-reducing-output-of-male-scent","enclosure":null},{"title":"Gestion de l'eau : les trois recommandations de la Cour des comptes","creator":"Dorothée Laperche / Actu-Environnement","pubDate":"Tue, 14 Mar 2023 06:18:00 +0000","contentSnippet":"La Cour des comptes recommande d'améliorer la couverture du territoire par des schémas d'aménagement et de gestion des eaux (Sage) ainsi que d'identifier des acteurs pour les animer. Tout en renforçant le rôle des commissions locales de l'eau.","link":"https://www.actu-environnement.com/ae/news/-recommandations-cour-des-comptes-gestion-eau-cle-sage-epage-eptb-2023-41347.php4#xtor=RSS-6","enclosure":null},{"title":"Xylazine, la drogue «zombie» qui crée des plaies jamais vues","creator":"Slate.fr","pubDate":"Sat, 11 Mar 2023 06:38:37 +0000","contentSnippet":"Les États-Unis se dirigent vers un nouveau pic d'overdoses, puisqu'il n'existe actuellement aucun traitement. Lire la suite","link":"https://www.slate.fr/story/242123/xylazine-drogue-zombie-fentanyl-necroses-plaies-abces-analgesique-euphorie","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://www.slate.fr/sites/default/files/styles/1440x600/public/joshua-coleman-7a4u5lbg9yw-unsplash.jpg"}},{"title":"Les entreprises et États promettent de planter plus d'arbres que de surface disponible","creator":"","pubDate":"Sat, 11 Mar 2023 06:35:12 +0000","contentSnippet":"Selon une étude, les engagements des entreprises pour participer à la reforestation impliqueraient l'occupation de 380 millions d'hectares. Un niveau supérieur à l'offre disponible sur Terre pour planter des arbres.","link":"https://www.geo.fr/environnement/les-entreprises-et-etats-promettent-de-planter-plus-darbres-que-de-surface-disponible-213839","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://geo.img.pmdstatic.net/fit/https.3A.2F.2Fi.2Epmdstatic.2Enet.2Fgeo.2F2023.2F03.2F10.2F4e807642-3cb7-4625-a966-2c2fa38cd877.2Ejpeg/1200x900/quality/80/les-entreprises-et-etats-promettent-de-planter-plus-d-arbres-que-de-surface-disponible.jpg"}},{"title":"Gas industry knew about indoor pollution from stoves 50 years ago, investigation reveals","creator":"","pubDate":"Fri, 10 Mar 2023 16:48:48 +0000","contentSnippet":"The American Gas Association was aware about health concerns in the early 1970s, rediscovered documents show.","link":"https://www.euronews.com/green/2023/03/07/gas-industry-knew-about-indoor-pollution-from-stoves-50-years-ago-investigation-reveals","enclosure":null},{"title":"Air pollution ‘speeds up osteoporosis’ in postmenopausal women","creator":"Gary Fuller","pubDate":"Fri, 10 Mar 2023 16:47:31 +0000","contentSnippet":"US study finds bone loss occurs twice as fast among women living in areas with higher air pollution\nA study has concluded that air pollution is accelerating osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.\nResearchers scanned the bones of more than 9,000 women living in four different parts of the US. Each had a bone scan three times over a six-year period that was compared with the air they breathed. On average, air pollution accounted for a doubling of the speed of bone loss.\n Continue reading...","link":"https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/mar/10/air-pollution-speeds-up-osteoporosis-postmenopausal-women","enclosure":null},{"title":"Nouveau record de la pollution plastique des océans, selon une étude","creator":"communication","pubDate":"Fri, 10 Mar 2023 16:45:42 +0000","contentSnippet":"La pollution plastique des océans du globe a atteint des \"niveaux sans précédent\" depuis 15 ans, alerte une étude, qui presse le monde de conclure le traité international, attendu d'ici 2024, censé sauver la planète de ces ces déchets.","link":"https://www.goodplanet.info/2023/03/10/nouveau-record-de-la-pollution-plastique-des-oceans-selon-une-etude/?pk_campaign=feed&pk_kwd=nouveau-record-de-la-pollution-plastique-des-oceans-selon-une-etude","enclosure":null},{"title":"BBC will not broadcast Attenborough episode over fear of ‘rightwing backlash’","creator":"Helena Horton Environment reporter","pubDate":"Fri, 10 Mar 2023 16:41:52 +0000","contentSnippet":"Exclusive: Decision to make episode about natural destruction available only on iPlayer angers programme-makers\n\nOpinion: Timid BBC must let David Attenborough tell it loud and clear\n\nThe BBC has decided not to broadcast an episode of Sir David Attenborough’s flagship new series on British wildlife because of fears its themes of the destruction of nature would risk a backlash from Tory politicians and the rightwing press, the Guardian has been told.\nThe decision has angered the programme-makers and some insiders at the BBC, who fear the corporation has bowed to pressure from lobbying groups with “dinosaurian ways”.\n Continue reading...","link":"https://www.theguardian.com/media/2023/mar/10/david-attenborough-bbc-wild-isles-episode-rightwing-backlash-fears","enclosure":null},{"title":"La préfète de la Creuse prend un arrêté de vigilance sécheresse pour le département","creator":"","pubDate":"Fri, 10 Mar 2023 15:47:04 +0000","contentSnippet":"A compter de ce 9 mars, la Creuse est en vigilance sécheresse pour - déjà ! - inciter les habitants à faire attention à la consommation d'eau.","link":"https://www.francebleu.fr/emissions/l-invite-de-france-bleu-creuse/la-prefete-de-la-creuse-prend-un-arrete-de-vigilance-secheresse-pour-le-departement-5275450#xtor=RSS-117","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://www.radiofrance.fr/s3/cruiser-production/2023/03/9bc18b2a-50ba-43d1-a185-79481f3beb45/920x517_sc_secheresse-creuse.jpg"}},{"title":"A planet-warming El Niño is on the horizon","creator":"Andrew Freedman","pubDate":"Wed, 08 Mar 2023 16:57:26 +0000","contentSnippet":"The first \"triple-dip\" La Niña event of the 21st century is waning, and the odds of an El Niño in the tropical Pacific Ocean are rising, the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) said Wednesday.\nWhy it matters: El Niño events release a tremendous amount of ocean heat into the atmosphere and would increase the odds for a new record warm year in 2024.\n\nState of play: These events require a complex series of coordinated moves to take place between the waters of the equatorial tropical Pacific Ocean and the atmosphere, with each responding to the other as if in a complex dance number.\n\nIt can be difficult to predict the evolution of a switch from one side of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) to another. But forecasters are confident that the La Niña will soon be over after lasting through three straight winters in the Northern Hemisphere (hence the term \"triple dip\").\n\nThe chances of El Niño in WMO's outlook gradually rise from 15% during the April through June period, to 35% in May to July, and top out at 55% by June through August.\n\nBut such predictions are known to be less reliable when made leading into the spring, rather than coming out of the summer months.\nThe Climate Prediction Center, part of NOAA, projects increasing odds of an El Niño event going into mid-to-late 2023, supported by a variety of computer model simulations.\n\nZoom in: La Niña conditions are characterized by cooler than average ocean temperatures in the equatorial tropical Pacific Ocean, causing a series of weather pattern shifts globally.\n\nFor example, La Niña is blamed for setting in motion the failed rainy seasons and dire famine in the Horn of Africa, which is expected to worsen.\n\nThe big picture: Importantly for global warming, the cool phase of ENSO tends to put a temporary brake on the increase in global average surface temperatures, preventing a new record-setting warm year.\n\nYet each La Niña year has tended to be the warmest La Niña year on record, as human-emitted greenhouse gases influence the natural ENSO cycle.\n\nThe intrigue: If and when an El Niño arrives, there may be a slight delay in its effects on global average surface temperatures.\n\nIt is likely that the effects of the La Niña event will linger longer than usual, leading to continued dryness in the Horn of Africa and elevated risks of flooding in Australia and Southeastern Asia.","link":"https://www.axios.com/2023/03/01/triple-dip-la-nina-followed-by-el-nino-wmo","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://images.axios.com/e7xzsx4X-Ljwg6NcplMx-CyJSUE=/0x0:1920x1080/1280x720/2023/03/01/1677638632373.jpg"}},{"title":"Oceans littered with 171 trillion plastic pieces","creator":"","pubDate":"Wed, 08 Mar 2023 16:51:22 +0000","contentSnippet":"New estimates suggest that plastic pollution in the oceans has risen dramatically since 2005.","link":"https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-64889284?at_medium=RSS&at_campaign=KARANGA","enclosure":null},{"title":"Hubble n’arrive plus à travailler normalement à cause des satellites qui pullulent autour de lui","creator":"Daniel Chrétien, Rédacteur scientifique","pubDate":"Wed, 08 Mar 2023 16:51:10 +0000","contentSnippet":"Pour la première fois, une étude a quantifié la pollution lumineuse constatée et engendrée par les satellites dans les observations du télescope spatial américain. Le temps d’observation perdu est considérable, et continue de croître.","link":"https://www.futura-sciences.com/sciences/actualites/hubble-hubble-narrive-plus-travailler-normalement-cause-satellites-pullulent-autour-lui-103946/#xtor%3DRSS-8","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpg","url":"https://cdn.futura-sciences.com/buildsv6/images/wide1920/5/a/d/5aded98edf_50199602_hubble-espace-photobomb.jpg"}},{"title":"Pollution de l'air : 99 % de la population mondiale vivrait au-dessus des seuils de l'OMS","creator":"Félix Gouty / Actu-Environnement","pubDate":"Tue, 07 Mar 2023 17:10:09 +0000","contentSnippet":"La pollution de l'air aux particules fines de 2,5 microns ou moins (PM2,5) est ubiquitaire sur Terre, selon les résultats d'une étude publiée le 6 mars dans The Lancet Planetary Health. Une équipe de chercheurs de l'université Monash de Melbourne ...","link":"https://www.actu-environnement.com/ae/news/pollution-air-population-mondiale-seuils-oms-41304.php4#xtor=RSS-6","enclosure":null},{"title":"Un seul degré de plus dans l'océan suffit à faire exploser la pluie des ouragans","creator":"Karine Durand, Spécialiste météo extrême et environnement","pubDate":"Tue, 07 Mar 2023 17:04:53 +0000","contentSnippet":"D'après une nouvelle étude de l'Université de Maynooth, il suffit seulement d'1 °C de plus dans l'océan Atlantique pour que les ouragans déversent +140 % de précipitations sur Terre !","link":"https://www.futura-sciences.com/planete/actualites/ouragans-seul-degre-plus-ocean-suffit-faire-exploser-pluie-ouragans-103901/#xtor%3DRSS-8","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpg","url":"https://cdn.futura-sciences.com/buildsv6/images/wide1920/4/5/b/45bd06f0b3_50193970_ouragan-ian.jpg"}},{"title":"How to use the power of mushrooms to improve your life","creator":"Julia Craven","pubDate":"Tue, 07 Mar 2023 17:03:47 +0000","contentSnippet":"Beech mushrooms. Ted Cavanaugh for Popular Science\n \nYOU’RE WALKING through a forest. The soil is soft beneath your feet, and the sun is shining brightly through the dark green treetops. To your left, you see rotten logs with dense clusters of oyster mushrooms. On your right, a thick bundle of chanterelles sprouts from the leaf-littered floor. Farther off the beaten path are stout-looking porcinis, frequently with a colony of poisonous fly agarics nearby, and, maybe, a bunch of magic blue gyms—those might ruin your nature walk, though. \n \n \n \n \nThe mushroom kingdom holds many shapes and secrets beyond those of the little white buttons and baby bellas found at the grocery store. Ethical foraging is one of the easiest and most valuable ways to incorporate an array of mushrooms into your life; to get started, you can join a mycology group or contact a local guide to learn how to harvest edible fungi safely and sustainably. \n \n \n \n \nBut there are more creative ways to incorporate the power of mushrooms into your days. Fungi are a versatile and adaptable group, which is why they offer a range of benefits to a variety of people. They’re a multifaceted food source, providing fiber, protein, and other nutrients. They can be used to create dyes, build structures, or breed new strains of mushrooms. In essence, they’re really cool, and they’re inspiring biologists, artists, and engineers to develop practices that can make the world prosper. Here’s a mini-tour of what the flourishing field of mushrooming has to offer.\n \n \n \n \nPink oyster mushrooms. Ted Cavanaugh for Popular Science \n \n \n \nShopping for mushrooms \n \n \n \n \nHead to the supplement aisle in any health food store, and you’re bound to find shelf space dedicated to the medicinal wonder of mushrooms. Research on fruit flies and mice show that cordyceps, popular among consumers (and apocalyptic TV shows), has anti-cancer properties and possibly anti-aging effects, too. Reishi and turkey tail are coveted for their potential immune-stimulating effects, while lion’s mane may help soften dementia, according to a small pilot study.  \n \n \n \n \nMost of these benefits have been investigated on animals or in test tubes, making it challenging to draw conclusions on human health. If you’re looking for guaranteed results, it’s better to grab fresh, whole mushrooms from the produce section than spend all your money on pills and potions. \n \n \n \n \n“Eating food is always safer and less expensive than using its supplemental form,” says Lori Chong, a registered dietitian at the Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center. With fungi, you should know which edible varieties are good to cook with. Reishi and turkey tail are not commonly used for culinary purposes because their tough texture and bitter taste makes them unpalatable. On the other hand, lion’s mane, shiitake, enoki, and maitake make fine ingredients for a meal, each with its distinct flavors and properties. \n \n \n \n \nA steady intake of mushrooms can work wonders for our bodies. Eating 18 grams daily could reduce someone’s cancer risk by 45 percent, according to a scientific review of 17 observational studies. Using mushrooms to lessen meat consumption can also help reduce the risk of heart disease by lowering saturated fat in a diet—you can do this by mixing chewy stems and caps with ground meat. And they’re one of a few sources of ergothioneine, an amino acid with anti-inflammatory effects, according to several international medical papers. \n \n \n \n \nGetting them into your diet isn’t too difficult, says Chong. “Mushrooms make a great addition to any combination of stir-fried vegetables,” she explains. “They are easy to prep and quick to cook. Consider sauteing a package of mushrooms and keeping them in the refrigerator to add to an omelet, spaghetti sauce, sandwich, or salad.” \n \n \n \n \nOh, and don’t eat them raw: Farmed mushrooms may contain agaritine, a toxic compound destroyed by heat during the cooking process. Research has found that certain store-bought varieties have less agaritine than freshly picked ones, but questions remain.\n \n \n \n \nWhen shopping for whole mushrooms, make sure they’re firm to the touch, smooth, and dry on the surface. You don’t want any that look dried out, feel slimy, have big spots of discoloration, or show wet spots. Once you get home, store them in the fridge in a loose bag or a glass container with the lid cracked to prevent moisture buildup and fast spoilage.   \n \n \n \n \nChestnut mushrooms. Ted Cavanaugh for Popular Science \n \n \n \nDyeing with mushrooms \n \n \n \n \nThough they’re certainly delicious, there’s much more you can do with mushrooms than eat them, including making pigments for fabric dyes, ink, and all varieties of paint. In fact, the vastness of the fungus kingdom covers every color of the rainbow, says Julie Beeler, a naturalist, teacher, and artist. “Mushrooms contain a variety of different chemical compounds that create colors ranging from red to yellow to blue and colors in between,” says Beeler. “These pigments can be found throughout the mushroom, but for certain species like Cortinarius semisanguineus [the surprise webcap], the color is concentrated in the caps. For Hydnellum caeruleum [the blue and orange hydnellum], the color is throughout the mushroom. And for Hypomyces lactifluorum [the lobster mushroom], it is only the parasitized outer layer.”\n \n \n \n \nBeeler created the website Mushroom Color Atlas as an educational resource for people who want to use mushrooms to make hues. She walks beginners through the process of extracting dyes from 28 fungal varieties that are common in the wild, and she intends to add another 13 in the coming months. Those few dozen specimens can produce more than 800 colors, she notes.\n \n \n \n \nJulie Beeler, founder of the Mushroom Color Atlas, turns fungi pigments into paints. Mee Ree Rales \n \n \n \nWhile the practice is growing in popularity, it has centuries of history. Fungi, particularly lichens—complex organisms created by a symbiotic relationship between a fungus and an alga—have been used in cultural practices across North America, North Africa, Asia, and Europe. Prior to the Industrial Revolution, all pigments were processed naturally. Since then, pretty much every dyed item we encounter has been colored using synthetic dyes. “Mushrooms allow you to get back to natural practices that are more regenerative and sustainable for the environment and the planet as a whole,” says Beeler. \n \n \n \n \nTo stain fabrics, she explains, you need a pot, similar to one for making tea. Beeler suggests cutting the fungi into smaller pieces and steeping them for about an hour in hot, but not boiling water. (A temperature of about 160 degrees Fahrenheit will prevent the compounds from degrading.) When the color of the water has changed, you can dip natural fibers in to dye them. \n \n \n \n \nThe look of your final product will depend on the mushrooms you use and your material. Wool tends to absorb more vibrant, bolder shades from the organisms than other textiles. Cotton, the world’s most widely used fiber, is surprisingly more complicated because it’s cellulose-based and requires a lengthier mordanting process to fix the chemicals to the threads. “You’ll need to be a lot more advanced to get really great colors on cotton,” says Beeler, “but you can get some incredible colors with wool.” \n \n \n \n \nThe dyes can also be used to colorize fibers. Micah Fisher \n \n \n \nIf you’re not getting the look you want, you can alter the pH of the dye bath depending on what the mushroom you’re working with responds to best. Certain species prefer more acidic environments, so you can add vinegar to produce an orange tinge. Or for greater alkalinity, add a sprinkle of sodium carbonate to get a vibrant blue or green. The hues might fade over time with repeated washing or exposure to sunlight, unless you use a mordant like alum to bind them to the fibers.\n \n \n \n \nThe best part is that you can find your main materials almost anywhere: while moving dead limbs around your yard, during a walk through the park, or perched upon a strip of grass in a parking lot after a good rain. Some will look like the mushrooms you get from the grocery store, with the expected gills underneath; others will have more novel structures. Boletes, such as the spring king, have a spongy cap and produce a range of beautiful earth tones. Some false gill mushrooms deliver a spectrum of blues, greens, and yellows, depending on which you grab. Tooth fungi have fanglike spines and often produce blues or greens. Another excellent clue to the dyeing potential of a mushroom is whether it’s colorful inside and out. The lobster mushroom, for example, makes a variety of pinks and reds, true to its name. \n \n \n \n \n“I just love that as I’m walking in different environments, every step I’m taking, I’m thinking about that fungal underground in the soil and the mycelium, this web of connections creating a rainbow beneath my feet,” Beeler says. \n \n \n \n \nBlack king mushroom. Ted Cavanaugh for Popular Science \n \n \n \nBuilding on mushrooms\n \n \n \n \nCreating structures with mycelium—the network of fungal filaments that allows mushrooms to grow above ground—is an exercise in simulating the layers in natural ecosystems. The practice is a chance to think of the presence of trash as an opportunity to create something new. “In the living world, there isn’t really such a thing as waste,” says Merlin Sheldrake, the author of Entangled Life, a bestselling book on mycology. Scraps are always used to create something else, like a scavenger breaking down a carcass. “Are there ways that we can learn from those cyclical processes to behave more like other living organisms do?” Sheldrake continues. “Or will we continue just to produce stuff and then put it in landfills?” \n \n \n \n \nBuilding with fungi is a relatively new field that’s in a state of expansion. Mycelium can be used to create packaging, clothing, and even buildings; researchers are working on making the materials more robust and streamlining production. BioHAB, an architectural project in Namibia, for instance, is salvaging the remains of cleared encroacher bush, an indigenous species that drastically reduces usable land and resources, to create a substrate for farming mushrooms. The waste from cultivating the fungi is then compacted into eco-friendly bricks. The end product is strong, flexible, insulative, and soundproof, and can be used to reinforce structures in local villages, BioHAB’s website states. \n \n \n \n \nLocal supervisor Ivan Severus holds one of BioHAB’s signature mycelium-based bricks. MycoHab Ltd. \n \n \n \nSimilarly, NASA is looking into mycelium-based construction materials for astronaut dwellings on the moon and Mars. These composites are light and transportable, protect better from radiation, could self-replicate in their new environments for an endless resource, and, at the end of their life spans, can be turned into fertilizer.\n \n \n \n \nWorking with mushroom structures encourages builders to think about the whole cycle of production. “If you’re growing composite material using mycelium and hemp, for example, then you think about where the hemp is coming from,” Sheldrake explains. “Then you start thinking about the fact that you are harnessing a waste stream from another industry to produce the feedstock to grow the fungus.” \n \n \n \n \nAccessing mycotecture at the consumer level is a bit more complicated, but more opportunities are sprouting up. If you want to wear your mushrooms, luxury fashion houses like Stella McCartney, Balenciaga, and Hermès are experimenting with mycelium leather. In 2021 Hermès introduced a bag in partnership with MycoWorks, a company that develops leatherlike materials in a variety of colors from reishi. \n \n \n \n \nMycoWorks’ reishi-sourced material mimics leather. Jesse Green/MycoWorks \n \n \n \nPivoting to mushrooms could, in part, help buffer the effect industrialization has on the planet. Manufacturing is a major cause of environmental degradation, pollution, carbon emissions, and waste. Mushroom-sourced components can offer a break from petrochemicals and plastics if they can be produced sustainably enough and brought to scale. But the field, which is still in its infancy, has a ways to go before it can make an earnest contribution to the use of sustainable goods. \n \n \n \n \n“These fungal materials are exciting when you step back and look at how all these different industries go together and the possibilities that exist between them,” says Sheldrake. “Unless we rethink the way that we build and produce, then we are going to be in even bigger trouble than we already are.” \n \n \n \n \nLion’s mane mushroom. Ted Cavanaugh for Popular Science \n \n \n \nGrowing your own mushrooms\n \n \n \n \nWhen Tavis Lynch started raising mushrooms in the early 1990s, he approached it as a hobby before expanding into more complicated projects, eventually becoming a professional mycologist and commercial cultivator. He currently grows 20 indoor and outdoor mushroom varieties employing genetic pairing—creating new strains of mushrooms by mating spores from two existing varieties. \n \n \n \n \nLynch has made a fruitful career out of something people can do at home. A DIY venture doesn’t have to be complicated. “There are a lot of different ways to grow mushrooms,” Lynch explains. “We can grow them on wheat or oat straw. We can grow them on natural logs. We can grow them on compost. We can even grow them on blended substrates that we create, typically an enriched sawdust or coffee grounds.” \n \n \n \n \nMost varieties of mushrooms bred at home are used for cooking or medicine. But the first thing to assess is the resources available where you live. Coffee grounds, compost, or sawdust will be the best substrates for anyone living in a major metropolitan area where green space is limited or tightly regulated. For those budding hobbyists, going the kitchen counter route with a tabletop kit, rearing specimens in a basement, or even hanging them somewhere in your shower will be your best bet. (Choosing a shaded, humid spot is the most important element.)\n \n \n \n \nOnce you’ve figured out the logistics, including what type of mushroom you want to farm, Lynch suggests finding a spawn supplier—a step that, like growing the fungi, won’t be too hard. “They’re popping up left and right every day because the trend towards home cultivation of mushrooms is massive right now,” he says. Companies such as Tavis’s Mushrooms, North Spore, Field & Forest Products, Earth Angel Mushrooms, and Mushroom Queens offer online ordering and quick shipping around the US.\n \n \n \n \nI ordered a pink oyster mushroom kit online from Forest Origins. Starting the growth process was as simple as Lynch had said it would be: All I had to do was cut into the substrate bag, disturb some of the top layer with a fork, dampen it, and place it on my counter to get indirect sunlight. Then, twice a day, I came by and spritzed it with a water bottle. I started seeing fruiting bodies develop about a week into this daily ritual. Sadly, I accidentally sprayed it with bleach while cleaning and had to order another kit. \n \n \n \n \nBleaching aside, checking on my baby mushrooms felt as good as tending to my other plants. Ensuring they had enough sun and moisture gave me a few minutes of grounding amidst chaotic days. It was a reminder that nearly everything provided to us by this Earth is beautiful and useful.\n \n \n \n \n“Getting out, working with your hands, having a distraction from your digital devices and from the noise of others and the city—that’s the real medicine,” says Lynch. “I’m looking out my window right now at my mushroom farm, and I wish I was out there working on it.” \n \n \n \n \nRead more PopSci+ stories.\n \nThe post How to use the power of mushrooms to improve your life appeared first on Popular Science.\n \nArticles may contain affiliate links which enable us to share in the revenue of any purchases made.","link":"https://www.popsci.com/environment/how-to-use-mushrooms-creatively/","enclosure":null},{"title":"Le papier toilette contient des polluants éternels toxiques","creator":"Laury-Anne Cholez","pubDate":"Tue, 07 Mar 2023 17:01:15 +0000","contentSnippet":"On trouve des PFAS dans les poêles antiadhésives, dans les emballages alimentaires et dans... le papier toilette. L'Europe veut interdire ces « polluants éternels » ultratoxiques pour notre santé. \n \nIl y a des « polluants éternels » dans notre papier-toilette. Selon une étude de la société américaine de chimie publiée dans le journal Environmental Science & Technology Letters, nous nous essuyons les fesses avec des feuilles remplies de substances per et polyfluoroalkylées, autrement appelées les PFAS. Leur (...)\n \n \n            Lire la suite \n             \n            - \n                Info \n             \n             \n            /  \n                Pollutions \n            ,  \n                Quotidien","link":"https://reporterre.net/Le-papier-toilette-contient-des-polluants-eternels-toxiques","enclosure":null},{"title":"Record historique pour les émissions de CO2 en 2022","creator":"","pubDate":"Tue, 07 Mar 2023 17:01:05 +0000","contentSnippet":"Lire la suite \n             \n            - \n                En bref \n             \n             \n            /  \n                Pollutions","link":"https://reporterre.net/BRV-Record-historique-pour-les-emissions-de-CO2-en-2022","enclosure":null},{"title":"Gas industry knew about indoor pollution from stoves 50 years ago, investigation reveals","creator":"","pubDate":"Tue, 07 Mar 2023 16:59:15 +0000","contentSnippet":"The American Gas Association was aware about health concerns in the early 1970s, rediscovered documents show.","link":"http://www.euronews.com/green/2023/03/07/gas-industry-knew-about-indoor-pollution-from-stoves-50-years-ago-investigation-reveals","enclosure":null},{"title":"Le plasticose, cette nouvelle maladie découverte chez les oiseaux","creator":"Karine Durand, Spécialiste météo extrême et environnement","pubDate":"Mon, 06 Mar 2023 17:01:25 +0000","contentSnippet":"Le muséum anglais d'Histoire naturelle a découvert une nouvelle maladie chez les oiseaux marins : le plasticosis, une maladie des organes digestifs causée par l'ingestion de plastiques. Cette fibrose de l'estomac a été constatée chez des oiseaux d'âges variés, mais spécialement chez de très...","link":"https://www.futura-sciences.com/planete/breves/biodiversite-plasticose-cette-nouvelle-maladie-decouverte-chez-oiseaux-7711/#xtor%3DRSS-8","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpg","url":"https://cdn.futura-sciences.com/buildsv6/images/wide1920/5/3/b/53ba9f79c1_50199459_oiseau-plastique.jpg"}},{"title":"New disease caused by plastics discovered in seabirds","creator":"Helena Horton Environment reporter","pubDate":"Sat, 04 Mar 2023 08:15:14 +0000","contentSnippet":"Natural History Museum scientists say plasticosis, which scars digestive tract, likely to affect other types of bird too\nA new disease caused solely by plastics has been discovered in seabirds.\nThe birds identified as having the disease, named plasticosis, have scarred digestive tracts from ingesting waste, scientists at the Natural History Museum in London say.\n Continue reading...","link":"https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/mar/03/plasticosis-new-disease-caused-by-plastics-discovered-in-seabirds","enclosure":null},{"title":"Binance, Canva : des milliers d’apps envoient vos données à TikTok","creator":"Bogdan Bodnar","pubDate":"Sat, 04 Mar 2023 08:14:07 +0000","contentSnippet":"TikTok propose un logiciel pour développer des applications, tout en demandant un échange de données d'utilisateurs. Numerama a pu consulter la liste des 28 000 apps dans le monde qui envoient des infos au groupe chinois. \n [Lire la suite]\nAbonnez-vous aux newsletters Numerama pour recevoir l’essentiel de l’actualité https://www.numerama.com/newsletter/","link":"https://www.numerama.com/cyberguerre/1291574-binance-canva-des-milliers-dapps-envoient-vos-donnees-a-tiktok.html","enclosure":null},{"title":"Eau potable en Gironde : un rapport remet en lumière la surexploitation de certaines nappes profondes","creator":"","pubDate":"Thu, 02 Mar 2023 12:23:59 +0000","contentSnippet":"De la nappe de l’Éocène surexploitée à la délicate mise en œuvre de solutions alternatives, le tout sur fond de poussée démographique et de changement climatique : la Chambre régionale des comptes livre","link":"https://www.sudouest.fr/environnement/eau-potable-en-gironde-un-rapport-remet-en-lumiere-la-surexploitation-de-certaines-nappes-profondes-14225100.php","enclosure":null},{"title":"Le plus ancien lac d’Europe en danger | ARTE Regards","creator":"ARTE","pubDate":"Wed, 01 Mar 2023 23:02:46 +0000","contentSnippet":"Avec 1,4 million d’années, le lac d‘Ohrid est le plus ancien d’Europe. Une merveille pourtant abimée par la surpêche et la pollution : des espèces rares, endémiques de ce site naturel, sont menacées de disparition. Alors que la Macédoine du Nord et l’Albanie, les deux pays riverains du lac, ont des intérêts et un cadre législatif différents en matière de protection de l’environnement, les conflits sont légion.\n \n \n#Europe #Pollution #Arte\n \n\n \nAbonnez-vous à la chaîne ARTE https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCwI-JbGNsojunnHbFAc0M4Q/?sub_confirmation=1\n \n \nSuivez-nous sur les réseaux !\n \nFacebook : http://www.facebook.com/artetv\n \nTwitter : http://www.twitter.com/artefr\n \nInstagram : https://www.instagram.com/artefr","link":"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XRGDq-lMg9M","enclosure":null},{"title":"Sécheresse : en Nouvelle-Aquitaine, la situation est \"très mauvaise, parfois catastrophique\"","creator":"","pubDate":"Mon, 27 Feb 2023 12:07:30 +0000","contentSnippet":"Le président de la région Nouvelle-Aquitaine, ce lundi matin, sur franceinfo, alerte sur la situation des nappes phréatiques et des rivières, \"très mauvaise, parfois catastrophique\".","link":"https://www.francebleu.fr/infos/environnement/secheresse-en-nouvelle-aquitaine-la-situation-est-tres-mauvaise-parfois-catastrophique-7059976#xtor=RSS-117","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://www.radiofrance.fr/s3/cruiser-production/2023/02/c885566d-4f53-462e-bee4-584ed8a3480c/920x517_sc_12844-5p17k9cw33-whr.jpg"}},{"title":"Pollution des océans aux microfibres : voici comment limiter leur propagation lors de vos lessives","creator":"Mathilde Sallé de Chou","pubDate":"Mon, 27 Feb 2023 07:58:58 +0000","contentSnippet":"Qu'ils soient en fibres naturelles ou synthétiques, les vêtements dispersent leurs microfibres dans les océans lors de chaque lavage.","link":"https://positivr.fr/pollution-des-oceans-aux-microfibres-voici-comment-limiter-leur-propagation-lors-de-vos-lessives/","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://positivr.fr/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/microfibres-gestes-limiter-propagation-ocean-lessive-560x294.jpg"}},{"title":"Polluants éternels : une carte interactive dévoile plus de 330 espèces animales contaminées dans le monde","creator":"","pubDate":"Sun, 26 Feb 2023 11:27:03 +0000","contentSnippet":"Une nouvelle étude révèle la contamination de plus de 330 espèces animales dans le monde par des composés chimiques quasi-indestructibles.","link":"https://www.geo.fr/environnement/polluants-eternels-une-carte-interactive-devoile-plus-de-330-especes-animales-contaminees-dans-le-monde-213673","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://geo.img.pmdstatic.net/fit/https.3A.2F.2Fi.2Epmdstatic.2Enet.2Fgeo.2F2023.2F02.2F24.2F02541347-d2ce-4e42-a2be-5cf399d775b2.2Ejpeg/1200x900/quality/80/polluants-eternels-une-carte-interactive-devoile-plus-de-330-especes-animales-contaminees-dans-le-monde.jpg"}},{"title":"Qu’est-ce que la salinisation qui menace les cultures, l’eau potable et la santé ?","creator":"","pubDate":"Sun, 26 Feb 2023 11:26:40 +0000","contentSnippet":"Le changement climatique a de nombreuses conséquences sur l’environnement. On connaît la montée des eaux, l’acidification des océans, la pollution des sources d’eau souterraine, mais aussi la salinisation des sols. Découvrez quel est ce phénomène qui menace les cultures et l’eau potable.","link":"https://www.geo.fr/environnement/quest-ce-que-la-salinisation-qui-menace-les-cultures-leau-potable-et-la-sante-213639","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://geo.img.pmdstatic.net/fit/https.3A.2F.2Fi.2Epmdstatic.2Enet.2Fgeo.2F2023.2F02.2F22.2F809189fb-7657-432c-8e81-c4ef66fdaf61.2Ejpeg/1200x900/quality/80/qu-est-ce-que-la-salinisation-qui-menace-les-cultures-l-eau-potable-et-la-sante.jpg"}},{"title":"Ministers told to get a grip on scale of ‘forever chemicals’ pollution in UK","creator":"Sandra Laville and Rachel Salvidge","pubDate":"Sun, 26 Feb 2023 11:23:31 +0000","contentSnippet":"Tougher regulations needed now, says Green MP Caroline Lucas as Tory colleague calls for monitoring\n\nUK risks falling behind Europe in controlling ‘forever chemicals’\nWhat are PFAS, how toxic are they and how do you become exposed?\n\nThe UK government must get a grip on the scale of “forever chemicals” polluting rivers and seas and threatening human and animal health, the Green MP Caroline Lucas has said.\nThe Guardian has revealed that high levels of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), known as forever chemicals, have been found at thousands of sites across the UK and Europe in a major mapping project.\n Continue reading...","link":"https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/feb/25/forever-chemicals-pfas-pollution-uk-waterways-regulations-monitoring","enclosure":null},{"title":"Cutting air pollution improves children’s lung development, study shows","creator":"Nicola Davis Science correspondent","pubDate":"Sat, 25 Feb 2023 20:57:35 +0000","contentSnippet":"Conclusions from long-term survey in Sweden come days after 10th anniversary of Ella Kissi-Debrah’s death in London\nReducing air pollution could improve lung function development in children and cut the numbers of young people with significant pulmonary impairments, research suggests.\nThe impact of air pollution on health has become a topic of intense concern in recent years, with research suggesting it can affect every organ in the body and the World Health Orgazisation noting children’s developing organs and nervous systems are more susceptible to long-term damage.\n Continue reading...","link":"https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/feb/23/cutting-air-pollution-improves-childrens-lung-development-study-shows","enclosure":null},{"title":"Children born after induced labour ‘may score lower in tests at 12’","creator":"Linda Geddes Science correspondent","pubDate":"Wed, 22 Feb 2023 16:35:20 +0000","contentSnippet":"Researchers say impact on attainment is small but medical teams should think carefully before artificially kickstarting labour\nChildren born after induced labour may score lower in school tests at age 12, research suggests. Although the impact on individual attainment is small, researchers said it should prompt medical teams to “think twice” before artificially kickstarting labour in otherwise healthy pregnancies.\nMost pregnancies come to a natural end after 37 to 42 weeks with the spontaneous onset of labour, but approximately one in five births in the UK are artificially induced. Sometimes there are strong medical grounds for doing so, such as the mother or baby’s health being at risk, but in other cases women may be offered an induction because their baby is apparently healthy but overdue.\n Continue reading...","link":"https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2023/feb/22/children-born-after-induced-labour-may-score-lower-in-tests-at-12","enclosure":null},{"title":"\"Ce mois de février dans la Creuse est le plus sec depuis le début des relevés\", selon Météo France","creator":"","pubDate":"Wed, 22 Feb 2023 16:31:31 +0000","contentSnippet":"2023 restera une année historique, avec une absence de pluie, en Creuse comme aillleurs, pendant 32 jours. Le déficit pluviométrique de ce mois de février ne pourra pas être rattrapé.","link":"https://www.francebleu.fr/infos/environnement/ce-mois-de-fevrier-dans-la-creuse-est-le-plus-sec-depuis-le-debut-des-releves-selon-meteo-france-1004282#xtor=RSS-117","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://www.radiofrance.fr/s3/cruiser-production/2023/02/065cf5f5-d297-45c1-8bec-3ced52f672d4/920x517_vpc_thumbnail-img-0053-1.jpg"}},{"title":"Même en hiver, la France a soif de pluie","creator":"Mathilde Goanec","pubDate":"Wed, 22 Feb 2023 12:20:45 +0000","contentSnippet":"L’hiver n’a pas été aussi sec depuis 35 ans. La faute à l’homme, qui dérègle le climat. Le niveau des nappes phréatiques est si bas qu’il pourrait mettre en péril les cultures du printemps et de l’été 2023.","link":"https://www.mediapart.fr/journal/ecologie/190223/meme-en-hiver-la-france-soif-de-pluie","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://static.mediapart.fr/etmagine/default/files/2023/02/19/080-hl-slapeyrere-1964552.jpg"}},{"title":"Dans l’Antiquité, comment la monnaie est-elle apparue ?","creator":"Francis Albarede, Géochimiste, ENS de Lyon","pubDate":"Wed, 22 Feb 2023 12:18:32 +0000","contentSnippet":"Tétradrachme athénien représentant Athéna, Ve siècle av. J.-C. \nSi aujourd’hui il nous semble parfaitement naturel de vivre dans un monde où tout est monétisé et de manipuler chaque jour pièces et billets, il n’en était pas de même dans la Perse achéménide, la Phénicie ou l’Égypte des pharaons. L’argent métal y était pourtant omniprésent, mais ne s’échangeait qu’au poids, il n’était pas transformé en pièces de monnaie.\n \n \nPourquoi est-on passé du métal à la monnaie d’argent ? Pourquoi l’argent, plutôt que l’or ou l’électrum, a-t-il acquis un rôle central dans les transactions ?\n \n \nEt enfin, comment l’argent circulait-il dans l’Antiquité, à quoi était-il employé ?\n \n \nLe trésor du royaume achéménide\n \n \nSi l’argent métal était présent autour de la Méditerranée depuis l’Âge du Bronze (3000-1200 av. J.-C.) comme acteur majeur du commerce, cet argent monnaie si familier n’apparut qu’à partir du 6e et Ve siècles av. J.-C, avec le besoin de fluidifier le paiement des immenses armées de mercenaires grecs dont la technologie militaire allait faire et défaire les empires.\n \n \nQuand, après avoir défait Darius III, Roi des Rois, en 331 av. J.-C. à Gaugamèles, Alexandre le Grand et ses phalanges macédoniennes entrent à Suse, Persépolis et Ecbatane, ils trouvent dans les palais les plus grands trésors d’argent et d’or jamais accumulés dans l’Antiquité. Pour donner une idée de la masse de métaux précieux qui y étaient entreposés, il faut imaginer que son transport aurait nécessité un cortège de 150 poids lourds de 35 tonnes, ou, dans le contexte de l’époque, 60 000 mules.\n \n \n \n             \n             \n              Drachme à l’effigie d’Alexandre. Date ? \n               \n             \n           \n \nLe royaume achéménide n’utilisait que très peu l’argent dans sa forme monnayée, et ses émissions monétaires servaient essentiellement à payer les mercenaires. L’essentiel du métal était stocké dans le trésor royal sous forme de lingots, d’argenterie ou de statues que les conquérants macédoniens s’empressèrent de frapper sous forme de monnaies au standard de poids grec, la drachme et ses multiples. Ces frappes massives permirent à Alexandre et à ses successeurs – les Séleucides de Mésopotamie, les Ptolémées d’Égypte, et les Antigonides de Macédoine jusqu’à la mort de Cléopâtre en 31 av. J.-C. – de payer leurs troupes engagées dans des combats incessants.\n \n \nL’argent de la mer Égée\n \n \nAu-delà de ces chiffres vertigineux, une surprise de taille vint de la provenance de l’argent qu’une étude basée sur les isotopes du plomb place sur le pourtour de la Mer Égée, essentiellement dans les fabuleuses mines du Laurion à l’est d’Athènes, en Macédoine et en Thrace, mines que nous pouvons encore aujourd’hui visiter et qui étaient les sources principales du métal précieux de cette époque.\n \n \n \n             \n             \n              Mineurs grecs. Reproduction d’une plaquette en terre cuite de Corinthe. \n              Wikimedia \n             \n           \n \nL’historien grec Hérodote (525–484 av. J.-C.) raconte de façon assez précise la remise des tributs payés par les différentes satrapies – nous dirions aujourd’hui les préfectures – au roi des Perses : la Macédoine, les Grecs de la façade est de la mer Égée (Ionie), l’Asie Mineure, l’Assyrie, la Babylonie, le Levant et l’Égypte étaient tenus de verser chaque année l’équivalent de plusieurs tonnes d’argent métal au trésor perse. Cet argent était pesé, fondu, puis soigneusement stocké dans des jarres dans les trésoreries des palais royaux.\n \n \nCe qui est remarquable, c’est que ce tribut en argent, qu’il ait été payé par les Grecs, les Phéniciens ou les Égyptiens, provient presque toujours du pourtour de la mer Égée. Cette observation requiert que les Égyptiens ou les Babyloniens, qui ne possédaient eux-mêmes aucune mine d’argent, devaient se procurer le précieux métal du tribut et démontre la vigueur du commerce à l’échelle de la Méditerranée orientale et du Moyen-Orient.\n \n \nEn fait, cette vigueur n’est pas un phénomène nouveau. Elle est particulièrement mise évidence lors de l’invasion des coalitions de tribus proto-grecques de la fin de l’Âge du Bronze (vers 1200 av. J.-C.) qui causent la chute des civilisations mycéniennes et hittites, mettent la Phénicie et le Levant à feu et à sang, et ne sont arrêtées que par le pharaon Ramsès III. Il est bien établi que dans toute période de troubles, les populations cherchent à dissimuler leur économies en argents ous les pavements ou dans les murs.\n \n \n \n             \n             \n              Bracelet « papillons » de la reine Hétéphérès – argent, turquoise, lapis-lazuli cornaline – IVᵉ dynastie – règne de Snéfrou, découvert par Georges Reisner, en 1925, dans sa tombe G 7000x à Guizeh Originaux « complets » exposés au Musée Égyptien du Caire (JE 53266 et JE 52281). \n              Musée égyptien du Caire \n             \n           \n \nLes trésors enfouis ainsi trouvés dans les ruines du Levant du début de l’Âge du Fer sont largement dominés par l’argent de la mer Égée. Plus loin encore dans le temps, l’argent du bracelet de la reine Hétep-Hérès 1re (vers 2600 av. J.-C.), mère de Khéops, le constructeur de la pyramide qui porte son nom, provient des îles Cyclades au sud d’Athènes.\n \n \nL’argent, le métal de la monnaie\n \n \nL’argent est un métal rare, sans l’être trop, et sa méthode d’extraction est connue depuis l’âge du Bronze. Il est peu sensible à l’oxydation et, à la différence du blé, les souris ne le dévorent pas. Personne ne songe à payer son pain avec une pièce d’or, mais l’argent reste moins abondant que le cuivre ou le zinc. Il n’entre en compétition avec aucun autre métal pour la confection d’outils ou d’armes et n’est utilisé que pour la fabrication d’objets de décoration ou de culte. Si l’on s’en tient aux biens mobiliers, on n’est pas riche de céréales ni de poteries, mais de l’argent que l’on possède. \n \n \nQuand les proto-Grecs envahissent le pourtour de la Méditerranée orientale à la fin de l’âge du Bronze, ils découvrent des paysages aux sols ravagés par l’agriculture. Les fermiers anatoliens, tels que ceux qui ont fondé la civilisation minoenne, ont domestiqué les animaux et introduit le labourage. Ces techniques sont efficaces à court terme mais épuisent les nutriments, notamment le phosphore, et accélèrent fortement l’érosion des sols.\n \n \nDans Critias, Platon écrit au sujet de l’Attique : \n \n \n \n« La qualité du sol y était sans égale et pouvait nourrir une nombreuse armée. Depuis lors, les inondations ont dénudé le pays. Il était, en ce temps-là, couvert d’une terre grasse et fertile ; les montagnes étaient revêtues de forêts, et le sol gardait les pluies, qui alimentaient des sources et des rivières. »\n \n \n \nSeules les plaines du Nil, du Tigre et de l’Euphrate, où le limon des inondations renouvelle sans cesse les nutriments des sols, résistent aux envahisseurs. Ceux-ci ne se retrouvent maîtres que de contrées arides incapables d’assurer la subsistance de la population. C’est le cas de l’Asie Mineure, du Levant, mais aussi de la Grèce et de la Libye.\n \n \nDans ces conditions, le miracle qui permit aux colons grecs de subsister fut leur génie guerrier : à partir du VIIe siècle av. J.-C., le citoyen grec sans terre se transforme en un hoplite armé d’un casque, d’une lance, d’une épée et d’un bouclier rond. La formation hoplite, la phalange, s’avance comme un énorme hérisson dans laquelle le bouclier de chaque guerrier protège son voisin et les longues lances des rangs arrière abritent les premiers rangs les plus exposés. La recette fait miracle et les tyrans et aspirants-rois s’arrachent les mercenaires hoplites par dizaines de milliers.\n \n \n \n             \n             \n              Représentation d’un hoplite, Vᵉ siècle av. J.-C. \n              CC BY \n             \n           \n \nL’avènement du salariat\n \n \nComment ceux-ci sont-ils payés ? Au temps d’Homère, au VIIIe siècle av. J.-C., le guerrier grec rentrait à la maison poussant devant lui bœufs et esclaves et les bras chargés de broches en fer et de lingots de bronze. Rapidement, le paiement se fit en argent et en or, plus durable, ce qui marqua de fait l’avènement du salariat. Les métaux précieux servirent aux mercenaires à acquérir des parcelles de champ, chez eux ou dans de nouvelles colonies en Sicile ou dans le Sud de l’Italie.\n \n \nMais payer la solde de dizaines de milliers de mercenaires est un vrai défi logistique car il faut garantir à chacun le poids et la finesse de l’argent versé. Les premières tentatives monétaires du roi de Lydie Crésus et de son père au VIIe siècle sont infructueuses car l’or est simplement trop rare pour financer les nombreuses armées dont ils ont besoin face au Roi des Rois. Les premières émissions de masse de monnaies d’argent apparaissent vers 520 av. J.-C. à Athènes et sur les îles d’Égine et de Thasos dans la mer Égée.\n \n \nLes vertus de l’argent monnayé sont multiples. Tout d’abord, l’autorité émettrice garantit le poids et la pureté de la pièce d’argent. Mais surtout, la monétisation rend l’argent bien plus fluide et le métal précieux s’écoule très rapidement de la bourse des mercenaires vers les circuits commerciaux autour de la Méditerranée orientale.\n \n \n[Près de 80 000 lecteurs font confiance à la newsletter de The Conversation pour mieux comprendre les grands enjeux du monde. Abonnez-vous aujourd’hui]\n \n \nAu retour des mercenaires au service des Perses après 480, on retrouve ainsi très vite quantité de monnaies grecques en Égypte, ce qui atteste de l’achat par les Grecs d’excédents agricoles produits dans le delta du Nil. Le nombre d’épaves gisant par le fond de la Méditerranée augmente brutalement à partir du VIe siècle démontrant une nouvelle vigueur des échanges commerciaux contemporaine de la monétisation de l’argent.\n \n \nCe développement fait lui-même apparaître les premiers grands emprunts et les premiers banquiers qui œuvrent au développement du commerce maritime. Par ailleurs, la force de la monnaie d’argent crée une classe moyenne puissante qui hausse la voix dans les affaires de la cité et s’oppose aux oligarchies en place.\n \n \nL’irruption de l’argent des mercenaires coïncide avec l’apparition de la démocratie dans une cinquantaine de cités grecques, dont le modèle le plus sophistiqué fut défini à Athènes. Ailleurs, en Perse, à Sparte, Carthage et Rome, la résistance des oligarchies est plus forte. Quatre à six siècles seront nécessaires pour asseoir autour de la Méditerranée le concept d’argent monnaie qui, 2000 ans plus tard, règne encore, quoique sous d’autres formes, sur toutes nos sociétés.\n \nFrancis Albarede a reçu des financements de l'ERC pour son programme de recherche « Silver ».","link":"https://theconversation.com/dans-lantiquite-comment-la-monnaie-est-elle-apparue-197298","enclosure":null},{"title":"Micropolluants : quelles sont ces molécules qui contaminent nos eaux ?","creator":"Geoffroy Duporté, Maître de conférences en chimie de l'environnement, Université de Montpellier","pubDate":"Wed, 22 Feb 2023 12:18:11 +0000","contentSnippet":"Aujourd’hui, nos milieux aquatiques sont pollués par de nombreux déchets et molécules chimiques. Parmi ces pollutions, certaines sont invisibles à l’œil nu. On parle de micropolluants. Ce sont des molécules chimiques qui se retrouvent dans les milieux aquatiques à des concentrations très faibles.\n \n \nÀ titre de comparaison, les sels minéraux contenus dans l’eau potable, tels le calcium, le potassium et le magnésium, sont présents à des concentrations mille à un million de fois supérieures à celle d’un micropolluant.\n \n \nLes concentrations de ces micropolluants sont l’équivalent d’un morceau de sucre dans une piscine olympique. Évidemment, si on boit la tasse, il est impossible de sentir le goût sucré de l’eau mais malheureusement même à ces concentrations infimes, certaines de ces molécules peuvent avoir des effets négatifs sur l’environnement, les organismes vivants et la biodiversité en raison de leur toxicité, de leur persistance et de leur accumulation.\n \n \n \n             \n            QJR : Pollution de l’eau et effet sur la santé (Académie de Montpellier, Agropolis). \n           \n \nD’où viennent les micropolluants ?\n \n \nLes sources de micropolluants dans l’environnement sont multiples. Même s’il existe des sources naturelles (les volcans par exemple qui émettent de nombreux hydrocarbures), les micropolluants sont généralement d’origine humaine (industries, transports, agriculture mais aussi usages domestiques).\n \n \nÀ l’heure actuelle, plus de 100 000 molécules sont identifiées comme micropolluants par l’Union européenne. De très nombreux produits que nous utilisons au quotidien en contiennent : produits cosmétiques, médicaments, produits d’entretien, peintures…\n \n \nLes origines de la contamination de l’eau par les micropolluants sont ainsi très diverses :\n \n \n \n\nLes eaux usées domestiques jouent un rôle important dans le transfert de ces contaminants vers les milieux aquatiques. Même si les stations de traitements des eaux usées sont capables d’éliminer une partie des micropolluants, certaines molécules rejoignent les milieux aquatiques sans avoir été éliminées. Les résidus médicamenteux (paracétamol, antidépresseurs…), les phtalates (molécules issues de l’utilisation de plastiques), des parabènes (issus des produits cosmétiques), des filtres UV présents dans les crèmes solaires, des pesticides tels que les produits antiparasitaires utilisés pour les animaux domestiques, sont des exemples de micropolluants couramment retrouvés dans ces eaux usées domestiques.\n \n\nLes eaux usées d’origine industrielle rejettent également de nombreux polluants en lien avec les activités concernées (plastiques, détergents, solvants, produits pétroliers, métaux…).\n \n\nLes eaux usées des hôpitaux participent également à la contamination des eaux usées par les résidus pharmaceutiques. On retrouve notamment de nombreux antibiotiques, anticancéreux ou agents de contraste.\n \n\nLes contaminants peuvent être également d’origine agricole avec la pollution des sols par les pesticides ou encore les antibiotiques donnés aux animaux d’élevage. Ces micropolluants vont participer à la contamination des milieux aquatiques par ruissellement ou infiltration.\n \n \n \nCes pollutions convergent vers les nappes phréatiques, rivières, fleuves, mers et océans. Cette pollution invisible se retrouve ainsi également dans nos ressources en eau potable.\n \n \nLa lutte contre les micropolluants est aujourd’hui un enjeu environnemental et sanitaire. Pour illustrer cette problématique, une étude scientifique montre l’omniprésence des résidus pharmaceutiques dans 258 rivières du monde entier. Les molécules les plus retrouvées sont la carbamazépine (antiépileptique), la metformine (antidiabétique) et la caféine. Cette étude montre que dans 25 % des sites étudiés, les concentrations d’au moins un résidu pharmaceutique étaient supérieures aux concentrations entraînant des impacts pour les organismes aquatiques. \n \n \nPar exemple, une autre étude scientifique a fait un état des lieux sur les résidus de caféine dans les milieux aquatiques en tant que contaminant préoccupant. Ce composé a été retrouvé dans les tissus d’êtres vivants côtiers et marins (microalgues, récifs coralliens, mollusques ou poissons). De plus, il a été démontré que ces résidus de caféine peuvent, par exemple, affecter la reproduction et le développement d’organismes aquatiques.\n \n \n \n \n \n             \n             \n               \n               \n             \n           \n \nCet article est publié dans le cadre du dispositif « Questions de Jeunes à la Recherche » mené par Agropolis International en partenariat avec le Rectorat de l’Académie de Montpellier.\n \n \n \n             \n             \n               \n              Diane Rottner, CC BY-NC-ND \n             \n           \n \nSi toi aussi tu as une question, demande à tes parents d’envoyer un mail à : tcjunior@theconversation.fr. Nous trouverons un·e scientifique pour te répondre.\n \nGeoffroy Duporté ne travaille pas, ne conseille pas, ne possède pas de parts, ne reçoit pas de fonds d'une organisation qui pourrait tirer profit de cet article, et n'a déclaré aucune autre affiliation que son organisme de recherche.","link":"https://theconversation.com/micropolluants-quelles-sont-ces-molecules-qui-contaminent-nos-eaux-200090","enclosure":null},{"title":"Alarming toxic ‘forever chemicals’ found in animals’ blood – study","creator":"Tom Perkins","pubDate":"Wed, 22 Feb 2023 12:10:11 +0000","contentSnippet":"Analysis says hundreds of animals are contaminated with dangerous compounds linked to cancer and other health problems\nHundreds of animal species across the globe from ticks to whales have blood contaminated with toxic PFAS, a new analysis of previous peer-reviewed research shows.\nThough the analysis does not aim to reveal how the exposure to PFAS affects wildlife, anecdotal evidence in some of the previous studies show the chemicals are likely sickening animals.\n Continue reading...","link":"https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/feb/22/animal-toxic-pfas-contamination-study","enclosure":null},{"title":"Quelles sont les principales causes de la pollution de l'eau et comment y remédier ?","creator":"","pubDate":"Tue, 21 Feb 2023 19:30:56 +0000","contentSnippet":"On a tendance à penser que sécheresses et inondations sont les principaux problèmes qui concernent une ressource essentielle à la vie sur terre : l’eau. Mais une \"crise invisible\" préoccupe de plus en plus les spécialistes de l’environnement et de la santé : la pollution des milieux aquatiques.","link":"https://www.geo.fr/environnement/quelles-sont-les-principales-causes-de-la-pollution-de-leau-et-comment-y-remedier-213571","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://geo.img.pmdstatic.net/fit/https.3A.2F.2Fi.2Epmdstatic.2Enet.2Fgeo.2F2023.2F02.2F16.2F65eb2758-9a44-4f40-ab04-8c471ca7ceed.2Ejpeg/1200x900/quality/80/quelles-sont-les-principales-causes-de-la-pollution-de-l-eau-et-comment-y-remedier.jpg"}},{"title":"Can Air Pollution Make You Depressed? Public Health Experts Explain Worrying New Data","creator":"Sarah Sloat","pubDate":"Tue, 21 Feb 2023 10:46:43 +0000","contentSnippet":"Only 3 percent of the world’s cities meet World Health Organization air quality standards.\nAnd yet research shows exposure to air pollution puts people at an increased risk of mental health outcomes like depression and anxiety. Still, questions remain about how hazardous it is to be exposed to air pollution for many years.\nNow, two new studies may help shine a light. Together, they suggest there is a link between long-term exposure to multiple air pollutants and detrimental mental health effects.\nOne study was published in JAMA Psychiatry this month. The research team used data from the UK Biobank to analyze the health and wellness of 389,185 participants over the course of 10.9 years. \nTheir work establishes a connection between long-term exposure to low levels of air pollutants to subsequent depression and anxiety. It also examined the effects of fine particulate matter pollution (PM2.5), nitrogen dioxide, and nitric oxide, which is emitted from vehicles and various industrial sources. PM2.5 refers to fine inhalable particles with diameters that are 2.5 micrometers or smaller; these particles are emitted from various sources, including cars, power plants, and construction sites.\n\nGuoxing Li is the study’s senior author and is a visiting professor at Imperial College and an associate professor at Peking University. He tells Inverse these findings suggest “more strict air quality standards should be adopted.”\nThe second study was also published this month in JAMA Network Open. In this investigation, the researchers focused on over 8 million people over the age of 64 who were also enrolled in Medicare.\nThe investigation ran from 2005 to 2016 and aimed to see whether or not there was a link between air pollution exposure and late-onset depression. In this study, the researchers find a connection between long-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5), nitrogen dioxide, and ozone and an increased risk of a depression diagnosis in older adults. The study suggests ozone is especially dangerous and warrants further examination.\n“This finding with O3 [ozone], if validated to be true, informs us of the importance of long-term ambient O3 regulation because it is one of the key pollutants projected to increase for certain regions under future climate change scenarios,” writes the study authors.\nWhy can pollution cause depression?\n\nIn the JAMA Psychiatry study, Li and his colleagues found that men are especially likely to experience anxiety after exposure to PM2.5. Other research jibes with this finding: A study on mice found diesel exhaust particles are more likely to induce neuroinflammation in male mice compared to female mice.\nWe can’t explain why males may be more affected by exposure to forms of air pollution without more research, but Li says animal studies suggest the sex hormone estrogen could — at least in part — explain the difference.\nOverall, “further research is needed to clarify the mechanisms that underlie the association between air pollution and mental health,” explains Li. But it’s possible that air pollution might increase the risk for poor mental health through physiological pathways. For example, air pollutants may affect the central nervous system through inflammatory and oxidative stress pathways, he explains.\nStill more studies have found that exposure to particulate matter can lead to acute and chronic inflammation in the brain and can damage the blood-brain barrier. Meanwhile, nitrogen dioxide can cause oxidative stress, a phenomenon implicated in the development of several mental health conditions.\nMeanwhile, there are actions we can all take to reduce air pollution, which disproportionately afflicts marginalized communities. These include advocating for strong policies to curb climate change, public transportation expansion, and better air quality standards.","link":"https://www.inverse.com/health/air-pollution-mental-health","enclosure":null},{"title":"Réchauffement climatique : ces 27 boucles de rétroaction nous rapprochent du point de non-retour","creator":"Léa Fournasson, Journaliste scientifique","pubDate":"Sun, 19 Feb 2023 13:06:22 +0000","contentSnippet":"Alors que l'on s'approche dangereusement des 1,5 °C de réchauffement climatique, fixés par l’Accord de Paris sur le climat, des chercheurs se sont penchés sur les rétroactions climatiques. Ils ont compté 27 phénomènes qui tendent à aggraver le climat, et pourraient nous rapprocher plus vite que...","link":"https://www.futura-sciences.com/planete/actualites/rechauffement-climatique-rechauffement-climatique-ces-27-boucles-retroaction-nous-rapprochent-point-non-retour-78602/#xtor%3DRSS-8","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpg","url":"https://cdn.futura-sciences.com/buildsv6/images/wide1920/d/a/1/da162e6174_50192453_icebergs-arctique.jpg"}},{"title":"Smoke exposure from intense fires linked to long-term respiratory and cardiovascular disease","creator":"Donna Lu","pubDate":"Wed, 15 Feb 2023 09:33:18 +0000","contentSnippet":"Scientists studying 2014 Hazelwood coalmine fire say breathing in tiny particles is linked to increased emergency presentations\n\nFollow our Australia news live blog for the latest updates\nGet our morning and afternoon news emails, free app or daily news podcast\n\nJust a few weeks of exposure to the smoke from an intense fire has years-long respiratory and cardiovascular impacts, according to new research that sheds light on the possible long-term effects of bushfires.\nResearchers studying the aftermath of the 2014 Hazelwood coalmine fire have linked exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in smoke to an increased risk over the following five years of needing to visit an emergency department for respiratory problems.\nSign up for Guardian Australia’s free morning and afternoon email newsletters for your daily news roundup\n Continue reading...","link":"https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2023/feb/14/smoke-exposure-from-intense-fires-linked-to-long-term-respiratory-and-cardiovascular-disease","enclosure":null},{"title":"Le champignon le plus dangereux du monde est un fourbe qui vous induit en erreur","creator":"Nathalie Mayer, Journaliste","pubDate":"Sun, 12 Feb 2023 17:32:42 +0000","contentSnippet":"La plupart des champignons vénéneux se signalent par une couleur vive. Mais pas l’amanite phalloïde. Ce qui le rend particulièrement dangereux. D’autant que le fourbe a trouvé une astuce pour se multiplier à grande vitesse.","link":"https://www.futura-sciences.com/planete/actualites/champignon-champignon-plus-dangereux-monde-fourbe-vous-induit-erreur-103386/#xtor%3DRSS-8","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpg","url":"https://cdn.futura-sciences.com/buildsv6/images/wide1920/c/8/5/c85d1fac70_50198523_amanite-phalloide-mortel.jpg"}},{"title":"Les phtalates présents dans de nombreux produits du quotidien sont suspectés de provoquer le diabète chez les femmes","creator":"Claire Manière, Journaliste","pubDate":"Fri, 10 Feb 2023 19:54:50 +0000","contentSnippet":"Les femmes exposées aux phtalates, ces substances contenues dans les plastiques de nombreux produits cosmétiques, ont plus de risque de développer un diabète de type 2. L’association trouvée ne serait valable que pour certaines femmes.","link":"https://www.futura-sciences.com/sante/actualites/medecine-phtalates-presents-nombreux-produits-quotidien-sont-suspectes-provoquer-diabete-chez-femmes-40123/#xtor%3DRSS-8","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpg","url":"https://cdn.futura-sciences.com/buildsv6/images/wide1920/1/3/3/1331f787be_114743_cosmetiques-istock.jpg"}},{"title":"10 000 « polluants éternels » bientôt bannis d'Europe","creator":"","pubDate":"Wed, 08 Feb 2023 22:33:58 +0000","contentSnippet":"Il s'agissait d'un dossier très attendu. L'Agence européenne des produits chimiques (Echa) a dévoilé mardi 7 février sa proposition pour débarrasser l'Europe des « polluants éternels ». \n \nAussi appelés PFAS (per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances), ces composés perfluorés sont présents dans de nombreux textiles, dans les emballages alimentaires, les revêtements ou encore l'électronique, et s'accumulent dans le corps humain et l'environnement. Ils ne se dégradent pas ou très peu, et causent des dommages considérables (...)\n \n \n            Lire la suite \n             \n            - \n                En bref \n             \n             \n            /  \n                Europe \n            ,  \n                Pollutions","link":"https://reporterre.net/10-000-polluants-eternels-bientot-bannis-d-Europe","enclosure":null},{"title":"22 virus différents suspectés d'être associés aux maladies neurodégénératives","creator":"Claire Manière, Journaliste","pubDate":"Tue, 07 Feb 2023 16:23:26 +0000","contentSnippet":"Pour expliquer la maladie d’Alzheimer ou d’autres maladies neurodégénératives, l’hypothèse virale gagne du terrain. Bien que l’on ne puisse confirmer un lien de causalité, une étude révèle des associations significatives entre exposition virale et risque de développer ce type de maladie. Au...","link":"https://www.futura-sciences.com/sante/actualites/virus-22-virus-differents-suspectes-etre-associes-maladies-neurodegeneratives-103187/#xtor%3DRSS-8","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpg","url":"https://cdn.futura-sciences.com/buildsv6/images/wide1920/3/b/1/3b1675ad46_50188302_cerveau-humain-3d.jpg"}},{"title":"Si vous aimez ChatGPT, vous allez adorer Playground","creator":"Daniel Ichbiah, Journaliste","pubDate":"Sun, 05 Feb 2023 09:02:17 +0000","contentSnippet":"Si vous avez essayé ChatGPT, vous avez probablement été bluffé par certaines de ses réponses et suggestions. Dans le même temps, vous avez peut-être trouvé qu’il était parfois rigide et un peu bridé. Et pour cause : c’est une interface destinée au grand public. Si vous avez envie d’expérimenter...","link":"https://www.futura-sciences.com/tech/actualites/intelligence-artificielle-si-vous-aimez-chatgpt-vous-allez-adorer-playground-103252/#xtor%3DRSS-8","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpg","url":"https://cdn.futura-sciences.com/buildsv6/images/wide1920/4/2/1/421e316c38_50198283_usage-lintelligence-artificielle-chatgpt-playground.jpg"}},{"title":"L'obésité provoque des anomalies dans le cerveau comme une maladie neurodégénérative","creator":"Julie Kern, Cheffe de rubrique Santé","pubDate":"Sat, 04 Feb 2023 12:31:17 +0000","contentSnippet":"Dans le cerveau des personnes obèses, les scientifiques ont observé des anomalies comparables à celles présentes dans le cerveau des personnes atteintes d'Alzheimer. L'obésité est-elle un facteur de risque de développer une maladie neurodégénérative avec l'âge ?","link":"https://www.futura-sciences.com/sante/actualites/cerveau-obesite-provoque-anomalies-cerveau-comme-maladie-neurodegenerative-103185/#xtor%3DRSS-8","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpg","url":"https://cdn.futura-sciences.com/buildsv6/images/wide1920/9/3/d/93d0378624_50198109_obesite-mal-tete.jpg"}},{"title":"Shell annonce un bénéfice record de 40 milliards de dollars en 2022","creator":"RFI","pubDate":"Thu, 02 Feb 2023 18:14:52 +0000","contentSnippet":"Après ExxonMobil, Shell annonce, lui aussi, des bénéfices record. Quarante milliards de dollars en 2022, soit le double par rapport à l’année précédente. C’est le bénéfice le plus important jamais réalisé par le géant britannique des hydrocarbures.","link":"https://www.rfi.fr/fr/%C3%A9conomie/20230202-shell-annonce-un-b%C3%A9n%C3%A9fice-record-de-40-milliards-de-dollars-en-2022","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/png","url":"https://s.rfi.fr/media/display/9e30d2d0-b2ba-11ec-bb79-005056bf30b7/w:1024/p:16x9/78-9-800x549-1.png"}},{"title":"Study reveals links between UK air pollution and mental ill-health","creator":"Damien Gayle","pubDate":"Thu, 02 Feb 2023 17:45:38 +0000","contentSnippet":"Researchers find long-term exposure to even relatively low levels raises risk of depression and anxiety\nLong-term exposure to even comparatively low levels of air pollution could cause depression and anxiety, according to a study exploring the links between air quality and mental ill-health.\nTracking the incidence of depression and anxiety in almost 500,000 UK adults over 11 years, researchers found that those living in areas with higher pollution were more likely to suffer episodes, even when air quality was within official limits.\n Continue reading...","link":"https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/feb/01/study-reveals-links-between-uk-air-pollution-and-mental-ill-health","enclosure":null},{"title":"Air pollution causes chess players to make more mistakes, study finds","creator":"Helena Horton Environment reporter","pubDate":"Thu, 02 Feb 2023 17:42:40 +0000","contentSnippet":"Co-author of paper says results have implications for anyone who has to think hard in polluted areas\nChess experts make more mistakes when air pollution is high, a study has found.\nExperts used computer models to analyse the quality of games played and found that with a modest increase in fine particulate matter, the probability that chess players would make an error increased by 2.1 percentage points, and the magnitude of those errors increased by 10.8%.\n Continue reading...","link":"https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/feb/02/air-pollution-causes-chess-players-to-make-bigger-mistakes-study-finds","enclosure":null},{"title":"Sans pollution de l'air, les tableaux de Monet auraient été différents","creator":"","pubDate":"Wed, 01 Feb 2023 19:35:12 +0000","contentSnippet":"Sans pollution de l'air, pas d'impressionnisme ? Une étude, publiée mardi 31 janvier dans la revue de l'académie des sciences étasunienne (Pnas), suggère que les changements atmosphériques causés par la révolution industrielle et ses nuages de fumée toxique ont influencé la peinture du XIXe siècle. \n \nLes émissions de dioxyde de souffre ont explosé dans les villes européennes à partir de 1850, écrivent les auteurs. Cette substance toxique a profondément modifié « l'environnement optique », diminuant les (...)\n \n \n            Lire la suite \n             \n            - \n                En bref \n             \n             \n            /  \n                Culture et idées \n            ,  \n                Pollutions","link":"https://reporterre.net/Sans-pollution-de-l-air-les-tableaux-de-Monet-auraient-ete-differents","enclosure":null},{"title":"Comment un petit fonds spéculatif fait trembler l’homme le plus riche d’Asie","creator":"Sébastian SEIBT","pubDate":"Wed, 01 Feb 2023 14:28:55 +0000","contentSnippet":"Adani Entreprise, le plus important groupe indien, n’en finit pas de chuter en Bourse. La faute à Hindenburg Research, un petit fonds spéculatif américain qui s’en est pris à l’homme le plus riche d’Asie, Gautam Adani. Une campagne qui risque aussi de nuire à l’image de l’Inde sur la scène internationale.","link":"https://www.france24.com/fr/%C3%A9co-tech/20230131-comment-un-petit-fonds-sp%C3%A9culatif-fait-trembler-l-homme-le-plus-riche-d-asie","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://s.france24.com/media/display/8a954b2a-a17f-11ed-bf30-005056bf30b7/w:1024/p:16x9/310123-gautam-adani-m.JPG"}},{"title":"Scientists Raise Alarm About Threats to the Human Microbiome in New Documentary The Invisible Extinction","creator":null,"pubDate":"Wed, 01 Feb 2023 00:42:03 +0000","contentSnippet":"There's a war going on inside our bodies. \n \n \nThe human gut microbiome — bacteria and other microorganisms living in our gut that are essential for our survival — are endangered. Overuse of antibiotics, elective C-sections and processed foods are just some of the factors that are killing off these bacteria that we need to live healthy lives. \n \n \nIn the new documentary film The Invisible Extinction, Dr. Martin Blaser and Dr. Gloria Dominguez-Bello go on a quest to save the microbiome. They spoke with PEOPLE about the important work they are doing to better understand and preserve this essential part of life. \n \n \nWhat is a microbiome and why is it so important? \n \n \nDr. Martin Blaser: The microbiome is all the microbes that live in and on the human body. It performs essential functions for us. It helps us digest our food. It makes vitamins. It protects us against invaders. It trains our immune system. So when we eat, we are nourishing both our human cells and also our microbial cells. Most of them are in the gut, but there are also microbes on our skin, mouth and the vagina. \n \n \nWhere did it originate? \n \n \nDr. Gloria Dominguez-Bello: We co-evolved with it. Every living complex organism on earth, including animals and plants, has associated microbes because bacteria was the first form of life on Earth. We have always co-evolved with bacteria. The microbiome is a name for the diverse microbes that have co-evolved with hosts (in this case, humans). \n \n \nWhy do you study the microbiomes of people who live in the Amazon? \n \n \nDr. Gloria Dominquez-Bello: These are peoples that are only now starting to be exposed to urban practices and medicine. So these are survivors, because you can imagine the mortality in places where there's no medicine. You fall from a tree, you are dead. You break a leg, you are dead. One of every 10 mothers that are in labor, one mother or baby dies. So if you survive, you are really a survivor. And these are healthy people because the unhealthy ones have died. So we are very interested in understanding their microbiome. And what we find is that they have much higher diversity. In general, diversity is a marker for health. The more diverse the microbiome, the healthier the ecosystem. We study them to understand what functions are lost in urban areas where the microbiome is at risk. \n \n \nHow are stool samples used in the clinic? \n \n \nDr. Martin Blaser: Here's one example: There's a bad infection called C. diff that involves the gastrointestinal tract. The microbes in the gut are very abnormal and can get out of control. It kills more than 20,000 people a year in the United States. And a number of years ago, it was found that if you gave those sick people healthy, normal poop back into their system — known as a fecal matter transplant — those people could be cured. It established the principle that if you can normalize the microbiome, you can cure a disease. And so, people have been trying that for many other diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease, multiple sclerosis, liver diseases, diabetes and autism as well. \n \n \nTell us more about the possible link between the microbiome and autism. \n \n \nDr. Martin Blaser: We know that the rate of autism has gone up dramatically over the last 80 years. And it's a disease of early life — it manifests within the first couple years. And so we are interested in the idea that the early life microbiome, as it forms, has a connection with the brain. We know that the microbiome is talking to the brain. And so, a number of investigators have been interested in the idea that maybe an abnormal early life gut microbiome is having an altered conversation with the brain, and it's changing brain development. \n   \nThe Invisible Extinction \n \n \n \nWhy are antibiotics such a problem? \n \n \nDr. Martin Blaser: Antibiotics can disrupt the microbiome by inhibiting or destroying the growth of good bacteria that we need to live. And the average child in the United States, by the time they're two, gets almost three courses of antibiotics. By the time they're 10, they've gotten 10 courses of antibiotics. But the more courses of antibiotics, the more likely a child is to develop illnesses like asthma, allergies, diabetes, obesity and autism. \n \n \nIt's been long recognized in the medical profession that we're overusing antibiotics. The CDC has estimated that about a third of all antibiotic uses are unnecessary, but many scientists believe is much higher. Take ear infections, for example. We know that viruses cause 70 to 80% of all the ear infections. Those are viral infections that do not need antibiotics. But when kids go to the doctor for an ear infection, a huge percentage walk out of the doctor's office with a prescription for an antibiotic. \n \n \nWhy are C-sections part of this story? \n \n \nDr. Gloria Dominquez-Bello: If a baby is born via elective C-section, with no water breaking, they are not exposed to the mother's microbiome in the vagina. But we have shown that if we normalize, at least partially, the microbiome of a baby that is born by elective C-section by rubbing them with gauze soaked in fluid with their mother's microbiome, we can normalize the mouth microbiome of the baby during the first year of life. Are we protecting kids against asthma, against Type 1 diabetes, against celiac disease, allergies, obesity by doing this? We are doing a 5-year clinical trial to find out. \n \n \nHow does processed food play a role in the microbiome? \n \n \nDr. Gloria Dominquez-Bello: The single most important component of the diet to feed the microbiome is fiber. Fibers are not digestible by our enzymes. So these indigestible component of the diet is super important for us because it feeds our microbiome. In processed food they take out digestible elements like fibers. They make the food much more dense in calories. It's sweeter. It's saltier. And it's fattier. So basically, it is very unhealthy and lacks fiber, which negatively impacts the microbiome. \n   \nThe Invisible Extinction \n \n \n \nWhat can we do about this problem? \n \n \nDr. Martin Glaser: People should not be pressuring their doctor to give them antibiotics because there is a cost involved. They need to go to a doctor not to get a prescription, but to get a careful examination and an evaluation. The doctor may say, \"Okay, this is really severe. You need an antibiotic,\" or \"This isn't too bad. Let's give it some time and see what happens.\" And if the doctor prescribes the antibiotic, they should say, \"Are you certain that we need it? Could we do without getting an antibiotic this time and wait a while?\" And societally, we have to develop better diagnostic tests so we can tell if a child has a viral infection or a bacterial infection. We have to develop new antibiotics that are narrow spectrum, that don't have a lot of collateral damage that are killing every bacterium inside. And then of course they should try to eat more fiber and fewer processed foods, and think carefully about having an elective C-section. \n \n \nWhat do scientists hope to achieve?  \n \n \nDr. Gloria Dominquez-Bello: We need to preserve the current biodiversity of microbes in humans of everywhere. And this is true also for the environment. We are making a complete mess of biodiversity, including microbial. Microbes are essential in every ecosystem, not only in humans or animals or plants, but also in the oceans. The whole thing is linked together by impact of human activities. We need to preserve microbes because they really modulate functions of Earth. They modulate the climate. They modulate everything. They modulate our own gene expression. So there has to be more of that effort to preserve microbial biodiversity, to restore, because we will need restoration. And the damage is not going to stop suddenly, unfortunately. \n \n \nThe Invisible Extinction opens in NY and LA on January 6 and will be available On Demand.","link":"https://people.com/health/scientists-raise-alarm-microbiome-documentary-the-invisible-extinction/","enclosure":null},{"title":"What is greenhushing? How to spot the sophisticated greenwashing tactics being used in 2023","creator":"","pubDate":"Tue, 31 Jan 2023 21:59:39 +0000","contentSnippet":"Greenhushing, greenshifting, greencrowding: Greenwashing is getting harder to spot. Here are the latest tactics to watch out for.","link":"http://www.euronews.com/green/2023/01/29/what-is-greenhushing-how-to-spot-the-sophisticated-greenwashing-tactics-being-used-in-2023","enclosure":null},{"title":"Comment l'ère digitale modifie la perception de nos souvenirs ?","creator":"Julien Hernandez, Journaliste scientifique","pubDate":"Sat, 28 Jan 2023 14:59:58 +0000","contentSnippet":"Des réseaux sociaux aux journaux de photos intelligents sur nos smartphones, nous n'avons jamais possédé autant d'outils pour sauvegarder ce que nous vivons au quotidien. Des chercheurs allemands ont enquêté afin de déceler l'impact de ces nouvelles fonctionnalités technologiques sur notre...","link":"https://www.futura-sciences.com/sante/actualites/psychologie-ere-digitale-modifie-perception-nos-souvenirs-103029/#xtor%3DRSS-8","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpg","url":"https://cdn.futura-sciences.com/buildsv6/images/wide1920/9/f/8/9f8335dff8_50197784_adobestock-363572512.jpg"}},{"title":"Google invente un ChatGPT de la musique : voici MusicLM","creator":"Marcus Dupont-Besnard","pubDate":"Sat, 28 Jan 2023 10:37:59 +0000","contentSnippet":"Après Midjourney pour les images, un autre type d'IA va troubler le monde de l'art : MusicLM. Cet algorithme conçu par Google, encore à un stade de prototype, génère des sons en fonction de descriptions. \n [Lire la suite]\nAbonnez-vous aux newsletters Numerama pour recevoir l’essentiel de l’actualité https://www.numerama.com/newsletter/","link":"https://www.numerama.com/tech/1251228-google-invente-un-chatgpt-de-la-musique-voici-musiclm.html","enclosure":null},{"title":"La plupart des problèmes de l'humanité sont apparus il y a 12 000 ans !","creator":"Morgane Gillard, Rédactrice","pubDate":"Tue, 24 Jan 2023 17:47:55 +0000","contentSnippet":"Guerres territoriales, maladies infectieuses, malnutrition, inégalités, impact sur l'environnement, surpopulation… Pour certains chercheurs, l'origine de la plupart de nos problèmes actuels serait en lien avec l'apparition de l'agriculture, il y a 12 000 ans.","link":"https://www.futura-sciences.com/planete/actualites/agriculture-plupart-problemes-humanite-sont-apparus-il-y-12-000-ans-102906/#xtor%3DRSS-8","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpg","url":"https://cdn.futura-sciences.com/buildsv6/images/wide1920/7/a/c/7ac32847bc_50188410_ble-neolithique-stephen-adobestock.jpg"}},{"title":"Le vrai du faux. Combien de fois faut-il gagner au Loto durant 50 ans pour posséder un quart de la fortune de Bernard Arnault ?","creator":"","pubDate":"Thu, 19 Jan 2023 20:45:18 +0000","contentSnippet":"D'après la directrice générale de l'association Oxfam France, même si un quinquagénaire avait gagné au Loto tous les jours de sa vie depuis sa naissance, il ne possèderait même pas le quart de la fortune du milliardaire Bernard Arnault. On a vérifié","link":"https://www.francetvinfo.fr/replay-radio/le-vrai-du-faux/le-vrai-du-faux-un-quinquagenaire-qui-aurait-gagne-au-loto-tous-les-jours-de-sa-vie-ne-possederait-il-qu-un-quart-de-la-fortune-de-bernard-arnault-comme-l-affirme-cecile-duflot_5581632.html#xtor=RSS-3-%5Blestitres%5D","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://www.francetvinfo.fr/image/765l6jh83-5ad7/500/281/30553115.jpg"}},{"title":"Les secrets du béton romain dévoilés","creator":"","pubDate":"Thu, 19 Jan 2023 20:14:32 +0000","contentSnippet":"Une équipe américaine du MIT a percé le mystère de la résistance hors norme du matériau qu’utilisaient les bâtisseurs antiques. L’ingrédient-clé de la recette : la chaux vive, qui confère au béton romain une capacité d’autoréparation sans limite.","link":"https://www.lemonde.fr/sciences/article/2023/01/18/les-secrets-du-beton-romain-devoiles_6158292_1650684.html","enclosure":null},{"title":"Children of the storm: can a climate disaster hurt the unborn in the womb?","creator":"Paige Perez","pubDate":"Thu, 19 Jan 2023 19:05:46 +0000","contentSnippet":"Study suggests children who were in the womb during Superstorm Sandy are more likely to have behavior disorders\nWhen Superstorm Sandy hit in October 2012, Celia Sporer-Newman was about eight months pregnant and working full-time as a paramedic in Queens, New York.\nSporer-Newman had worked through previous disasters, including Hurricane Irene the year before, but this felt different. She saw news reports that said Sandy was going to be worse than anything New Yorkers had seen before.\n Continue reading...","link":"https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2023/jan/18/study-pregnant-climate-disaster-children-behavior","enclosure":null},{"title":"La sécheresse a-t-elle poussé les Huns à envahir l’Empire romain ?","creator":"Sara de Lacerda","pubDate":"Thu, 19 Jan 2023 19:04:34 +0000","contentSnippet":"Les Huns, pasteurs nomades, ont peut-être envahi et pillé l'Empire romain par nécessité, pour répondre à des changements climatiques qui mettaient en danger leur mode de subsistance.","link":"https://www.sciencesetavenir.fr/archeo-paleo/archeologie/la-secheresse-a-t-elle-pousse-les-huns-a-envahir-l-empire-romain_168874?xtor=RSS-4","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://www.sciencesetavenir.fr/assets/img/2023/01/18/cover-r4x3w1000-63c7ede90c0fe-huns-by-rochegrosse-2.jpg"}},{"title":"Un méga-courant marin au bord de l'effondrement","creator":"Karine Durand, Spécialiste météo extrême et environnement","pubDate":"Tue, 17 Jan 2023 08:10:36 +0000","contentSnippet":"Le fonctionnement de notre Planète comme la régulation du climat mondial dépend en grande partie de plusieurs méga-courants océaniques. Les scientifiques savaient déjà que le courant atlantique Amoc risquait de s'affaiblir en raison du réchauffement, mais une nouvelle étude bien plus pessimiste...","link":"https://www.futura-sciences.com/planete/actualites/ocean-mega-courant-marin-bord-effondrement-102827/#xtor%3DRSS-8","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpg","url":"https://cdn.futura-sciences.com/buildsv6/images/wide1920/d/2/c/d2c6efb3eb_50172128_ocean-rayonnement-solaire.jpg"}},{"title":"Bientôt une nouvelle éruption dévastatrice en Méditerranée ?","creator":"Morgane Gillard, Rédactrice","pubDate":"Sun, 15 Jan 2023 21:52:34 +0000","contentSnippet":"Au cours de l’histoire, l’est de la Méditerranée a déjà connu de nombreuses éruptions catastrophiques. Une nouvelle étude révèle d’ailleurs que l’un des volcans sous-marins les plus actifs de la région est en train de se constituer une importante réserve de magma. Des données qui font craindre...","link":"https://www.futura-sciences.com/planete/actualites/volcan-bientot-nouvelle-eruption-devastatrice-mediterranee-102846/#xtor%3DRSS-8","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpg","url":"https://cdn.futura-sciences.com/buildsv6/images/wide1920/d/6/a/d6ab3f279a_50197472_volcan-sous-marin-eruption.jpg"}},{"title":"Au Canada aussi, la multinationale américaine McKinsey fait scandale","creator":"","pubDate":"Sun, 15 Jan 2023 15:11:52 +0000","contentSnippet":"Il n’y a pas qu’en France que l’influence du cabinet de gestion américain McKinsey fait des vagues. Une enquête effectuée par Radio-Canada a dévoilé que le gouvernement de Justin Trudeau a financé dix fois plus la multinationale que son prédécesseur. Les partis d’opposition annoncent la création d’une commission d'enquête parlementaire.","link":"https://www.francetvinfo.fr/replay-radio/le-monde-est-a-nous/au-canada-aussi-la-multinationale-americaine-mckinsey-fait-scandale_5573634.html#xtor=RSS-3-%5Blestitres%5D","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://www.francetvinfo.fr/image/765l3k28g-d0e2/500/281/30489935.jpg"}},{"title":"Glass too full? Why safe drinking guidelines vary between countries","creator":"Bianca Nogrady","pubDate":"Sun, 15 Jan 2023 09:49:31 +0000","contentSnippet":"Belgium suggests 21 drinks a week is safe for men, while Australia recommends no more than 10 for anyone. What goes into the decision making?\nCraft beer in Melbourne, pinot noir in Paris, mojitos in Havana –alcohol is part of nearly every culture around the world. As the evidence of harm has accumulated, the message from health authorities globally is that we need to drink less and even abstain entirely. But the advice on exactly how much less isn’t consistent. Why?\nAs an addiction medicine specialist and public health physician at the University of Sydney, Prof Kate Conigrave is more aware than most about the damage caused by alcohol. She chaired the group who authored Australia’s latest guidelines on reducing the health risks of alcohol, which in 2020 recommended healthy adults drink no more than 10 standard drinks a week, and no more than four in a day. It’s a reduction from the 2009 guidelines which recommended no more than two drinks a day for men and women.\n Continue reading...","link":"https://www.theguardian.com/society/2023/jan/15/glass-too-full-why-safe-drinking-guidelines-vary-between-countries","enclosure":null},{"title":"Polluants éternels: la France prise en défaut de surveillance","creator":"Jade Lindgaard","pubDate":"Fri, 13 Jan 2023 13:43:01 +0000","contentSnippet":"Alors que leurs effets sur la santé suscitent de plus en plus d’inquiétude, les composés perfluorés (PFAS) sont mal surveillés dans les eaux des rivières et des lacs, selon une étude de l’association Générations futures.","link":"https://www.mediapart.fr/journal/ecologie/120123/polluants-eternels-la-france-prise-en-defaut-de-surveillance","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://static.mediapart.fr/etmagine/default/files/2023/01/11/20230111-img-polluants-eternels-la-france-prise-en-defaut-de-surveillance-1.jpg"}},{"title":"Les polluants éternels, très nombreux dans l'eau","creator":"","pubDate":"Fri, 13 Jan 2023 13:17:36 +0000","contentSnippet":"Ils sont appelés « polluants éternels », car ils se décomposent très lentement dans l'environnement : les composés perfluorés (PFAS) sont présents de façon préoccupante dans les eaux de surface françaises — les masses d'eau courantes ou stagnantes en contact direct avec l'atmosphère —, selon une étude publiée le 12 janvier par l'ONG environnementale Générations futures. \n \nCes molécules utilisées pour leurs propriétés hydrofuges, antigraisse et antisalissure sont présentes dans les revêtements antiadhésifs des poêles (...)\n \n \n            Lire la suite \n             \n            - \n                En bref \n             \n             \n            /  \n                Pollutions \n            ,  \n                Eau et rivières","link":"https://reporterre.net/Les-polluants-eternels-tres-nombreux-dans-l-eau","enclosure":null},{"title":"ExxonMobil : ce géant pétrolier disposait de prévisions exactes sur le réchauffement climatique... il y a 40 ans !","creator":"","pubDate":"Fri, 13 Jan 2023 13:15:22 +0000","contentSnippet":"Dès les années 1980, le grand groupe pétrolier ExxonMobil disposait de prédictions sur le réchauffement climatique réalisées par ses propres scientifiques, et qui se sont révélées être précisément ce qui s'est produit plusieurs décennies plus tard. Malgré cela, l'entreprise a durant des années publiquement jeté le doute, a souligné une étude publiée dans la prestigieuse revue Science.","link":"https://www.geo.fr/environnement/exxonmobil-ce-geant-petrolier-disposait-de-previsions-exactes-sur-le-rechauffement-climatique-il-y-a-40-ans-213227","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://geo.img.pmdstatic.net/fit/https.3A.2F.2Fi.2Epmdstatic.2Enet.2Fgeo.2F2023.2F01.2F13.2F3c1fae51-d1e6-46fb-a19c-da9f336ff89f.2Ejpeg/1200x900/quality/80/exxonmobil-ce-geant-petrolier-disposait-de-previsions-exactes-sur-le-rechauffement-climatique-il-y-a-40-ans.jpg"}},{"title":"Terrifying solar storm coming to Earth! Sunspot set to spark X-class solar flare explosion today","creator":null,"pubDate":"Thu, 12 Jan 2023 16:03:34 +0000","contentSnippet":"The Earth could be on the brink of suffering a a blow from a massive solar storm that is in-the-works as multiple sunspots are ready to blast an X-class solar flare today, January 12. \n \n Last week was terrifying for the Earth. First a solar storm struck the Earth and caused GPS disruption across the affected regions and then two X-class solar flare eruptions caused shortwave radio blackouts in Australia, New Zealand and South America. But it seems that the troubled times are not yet over for our planet. Reports suggest that multiple unstable sunspots have emerged on the Earth-facing side of the Sun which can blast another X-class solar flare towards the Earth today, January 12. In fact, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration predictions suggest that there is a 70% chance of a solar flare eruption. Read on to know more.\nThe report comes from SpaceWeather.com which mentions on its website, “It seems like every spot on the sun wants to flare. In the past week alone, three different sunspots have produced X-flares, and even more are crackling with M-class flares. With unstable sunspots scattered across the face of the sun, the chance of a geoeffective flare today is greater than 70%”.\n The Earth now anticipates a fourth solar flare eruption from the Sun in under 10 days (a total of three have already gone off, two of which were Earth-directed). The current trend has also shown that the solar flare eruptions are getting progressively stronger. This means soon, we may be faced with a Carrington event level threat. For the unaware, Carrington event took place in 1859 during solar cycle 10 when such a powerful solar storm struck the Earth that caused telegraph systems to malfunction and shock the operators. Even power grids were damaged.\n With modern technology and a high reliance on Earth-orbiting satellites, a similar solar storm can be devastating. From GPS destruction, power grid failure, mobile network and internet disruption and even malfunctioning crucial electronic devices such as pacemakers can really bring our planet to a standstill.\nHow NOAA tracks the Sun\nWhile many space agencies from NASA with its Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) to National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) keep track of Sun-based weather phenomena, one that particularly stands out is the DSCOVR satellite by NOAA. The satellite became operational in 2016 and tracks different measurements of the Sun and its atmosphere including temperature, speed, density, degree of orientation and frequency of the solar particles. The recovered data is then run through the Space Weather Prediction Center and the final analysis is prepared.\n  \nFollow HT Tech for the latest  tech news  and reviews , also keep up with us \non Twitter, Facebook, Google News, and Instagram. For our latest videos, \nsubscribe to our YouTube channel. \n \n First Published Date:  12 Jan, 12:56 IST \n\n \n \nTags: \nsolar storm \nsolar flare \nearth \n   \n\n71673507979553","link":"https://tech.hindustantimes.com/tech/news/terrifying-solar-storm-coming-to-earth-sunspot-set-to-spark-x-class-solar-flare-explosion-today-71673507979553.html","enclosure":null},{"title":"Pollution de l'Escaut : le sucrier Tereos condamné à verser plus de 9 millions d'euros aux parties civiles","creator":"","pubDate":"Thu, 12 Jan 2023 12:35:41 +0000","contentSnippet":"Le géant sucrier Tereos, propriétaire de la marque Béghin-Say, a été condamné jeudi à Lille à 500.000 euros d'amende et à plus de 9 millions de dommages et intérêts pour avoir pollué l'Escaut en 2020, provoquant la mort de plusieurs tonnes de poissons.","link":"https://france3-regions.francetvinfo.fr/hauts-de-france/nord-0/valenciennes/pollution-de-l-escaut-le-sucrier-tereos-condamne-a-verser-plus-de-9-millions-d-euros-aux-parties-civiles-2692190.html#xtor=RSS-3-%5Blestitres%5D","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://www.francetvinfo.fr/image/765l2d4yk-03e2/500/281/30464069.jpg"}},{"title":"En France, la contamination des eaux de surface par les PFAS, « polluants éternels », est « largement sous-estimée », selon une association","creator":"","pubDate":"Thu, 12 Jan 2023 12:31:58 +0000","contentSnippet":"Massivement utilisés dans l’industrie pour leurs propriétés antiadhésives, imperméables ou résistantes aux fortes chaleurs, ces composés chimiques toxiques et persistants font l’objet d’une surveillance très disparate d’une région à l’autre.","link":"https://www.lemonde.fr/planete/article/2023/01/12/en-france-la-contamination-des-eaux-de-surface-par-les-pfas-polluants-eternels-est-largement-sous-estimee-selon-une-association_6157513_3244.html","enclosure":null},{"title":"Jeux de société : comment ils racontent les grandes civilisations antiques","creator":"Marine Benoit","pubDate":"Sun, 08 Jan 2023 18:00:49 +0000","contentSnippet":"À partir de sources écrites, archéologiques et iconographiques, un projet européen inédit, mené par une douzaine de chercheurs, a permis de mettre en évidence la place sociétale, culturelle et religieuse qu'occupait le jeu dans l'Antiquité égyptienne, grecque et romaine.","link":"https://www.sciencesetavenir.fr/archeo-paleo/archeologie/jeux-de-societe-comment-ils-racontent-les-grandes-civilisations-antiques_168339?xtor=RSS-4","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://www.sciencesetavenir.fr/assets/img/2022/12/15/cover-r4x3w1000-639ae9360a150-31672-1850413-k2-k1-4277674-jpg.jpg"}},{"title":"Les maladies environnementales: l'impact de l'environnement sur la santé","creator":"Caroline Paré","pubDate":"Sat, 07 Jan 2023 19:03:28 +0000","contentSnippet":"Omniprésence des plastiques et des perturbateurs endocriniens, pollutions chimiques et biologiques, maladies infectieuses émergentes… Par ses activités, l’homme perturbe la biosphère et les écosystèmes, « est devenu la principale force géologique » et cela se retourne contre sa propre santé.","link":"https://www.rfi.fr/fr/podcasts/le-conseil-sant%C3%A9/20230106-les-maladies-environnementales-l-impact-de-l-environnement-sur-la-sant%C3%A9","enclosure":{"length":"1337","type":"image/jpeg","url":"https://s.rfi.fr/media/display/30710a44-808c-11ed-8bfd-005056bf30b7/w:1024/p:16x9/iStock-1016687868.jpg"}},{"title":"La fonte du permafrost de l'Arctique libère des germes anciens – faut-il s'inquiéter ?","creator":"Paul Hunter, Professor of Medicine, University of East Anglia","pubDate":"Wed, 04 Jan 2023 09:49:28 +0000","contentSnippet":"Une équipe de scientifiques français, allemands et russes a récemment réussi à faire revivre des virus géants jusque-là enfouis dans le sol gelé de la Sibérie, et ce depuis des dizaines de milliers d’années.\n \n \nTreize de ces virus (des genres Pandoravirus, Megavirus, Pacmanvirus, etc.) prélevés dans des échantillons de permafrost sibérien (pergélisol en français), ont pu être « réanimés ». Le plus « jeune » de ces Lazare avait 27 000 ans. Et le plus ancien – un Pandoravirus – s’approchait des 48 500 ans. Il s’agit, pour l’heure, du plus ancien virus à avoir été ressuscité.\n \n \nDes résultats qui interrogent, à mesure que la planète – et le Grand Nord – se réchauffe… C’est ce qui a motivé cette étude, venue compléter de précédents travaux et combler un trou dans les données disponibles.\n \n \nLe dégel du pergélisol libère en effet des matières organiques figées depuis des millénaires, notamment des bactéries et des virus, dont certains peuvent encore se reproduire. Or, alors que les rapports décrivant les bactéries trouvées dans ces zones gelées abondent, ils sont beaucoup plus limités sur les virus. Ce qui suggère à tort que de tels virus dits « zombies » sont rares et ne constituent pas une menace pour la santé publique.\n \n \nL’étude sur ces treize revenants est un « Préprint », ses résultats doivent donc encore être examinés par d’autres scientifiques. Mais comme le soulignent les auteurs, il est d’ores et déjà « légitime de s’interroger sur le risque que d’anciennes particules virales restent infectieuses et soient remises en circulation par le dégel d’anciennes couches de permafrost ».\n \n \nEn effet, que savons-nous réellement à ce jour des risques que représentent ces virus zombies ?\n \n \nFenêtre sur le passé\n \n \nEn supposant que les échantillons récoltés n’aient pas été contaminés lors de leur extraction, les virus géants récupérés viennent littéralement du passé : plus précisément d’il y a plusieurs dizaines de milliers d’années. Et l’on parle de plusieurs genres différents de ces organismes particuliers.\n \n \nDe plus, ce n’est pas la première fois qu’un virus viable est détecté dans des échantillons de permafrost. Les études qui ont ouvert la voie à ces travaux remontent à 2014, quand était détecté pour la première fois un Pithovirus, puis un Mollivirus un an plus tard. La possibilité de telles résurrections est donc réelle… Avec quelles conséquences pour la faune et la flore – et nous ?\n \n \nTous les virus retrouvés jusqu’à présent dans de tels échantillons sont des virus géants, à ADN, qui n’affectent (en l’état actuel des connaissances) que les amibes (organismes unicellulaires). Ils sont donc très différents des virus « classiques » (au génome beaucoup plus petit), qui touchent les mammifères par exemple, et il est très peu probable qu’ils représentent un danger pour l’être humain.\n \n \nSi l’un de ces virus géants infectant les amibes, appelé Acanthamoeba polyphaga mimivirus, a été associé à une pneumonie chez l’Homme, la relation de cause à effet entre les deux n’est pas établie. Il ne semble donc pas que les virus cultivés à partir d’échantillons de pergélisol constituent eux-mêmes une menace pour la santé publique. Mais ils ne sont pas les seuls à peupler ces sols congelés depuis des temps préhistoriques : sont également présentes des entités que l’on sait dangereuses pour notre espèce.\n \n \nUn point préoccupant est que le dégel du pergélisol pourrait libérer les corps de personnes décédées depuis des décennies sinon des siècles des suites d’une maladie infectieuse. Ce qui pourrait donner aux pathogènes responsables l’occasion de revenir. Et les épidémies ne manquent pas dans l’histoire…\n \n \nCelles qui inquiètent le plus les scientifiques sont, paradoxalement, liées à la seule maladie humaine à avoir été éradiquée au niveau mondial, grâce à la vaccination : la variole. Sa réintroduction, en particulier dans des zones difficiles à atteindre, pourrait déboucher sur une catastrophe sanitaire mondiale. Or, des preuves d’infection par la variole vieilles de 300 ans ont été détectées dans des corps inhumés en Sibérie…\n \n \nHeureusement, il ne s’agit que de « séquences génétiques partielles », c’est-à-dire de fragments de l’ADN du virus trop abimés pour pouvoir encore infecter quelqu’un. Le virus de la variole survit cependant bien lorsqu’il est congelé dans de bonnes conditions, à -20 °C, mais seulement pendant quelques décennies – et non des siècles.\n \n \nLa grippe espagnole a aussi soulevé son lot de questions. Au cours des deux dernières décennies, les scientifiques ont en effet exhumé les corps de personnes emportées par cette pandémie il y a un siècle et enterrées dans le pergélisol d’Alaska et au Svalbard, en Norvège. Son génome a pu être lu (séquencé), mais le virus de la grippe lui-même n’a pas pu être « cultivé » (ressuscité) en laboratoire à partir des tissus des défunts. Les virus de la grippe peuvent survivre au congélateur pendant au moins un an, mais probablement pas plusieurs décennies.\n \n \n[Près de 80 000 lecteurs font confiance à la newsletter de The Conversation pour mieux comprendre les grands enjeux du monde. Abonnez-vous aujourd’hui]\n \n \nLes bactéries pourraient être plus problématiques\n \n \nSi les virus ne semblent pas être une menace de premier plan à l'heure actuelle, d’autres types d’agents pathogènes, comme les bactéries, pourraient toutefois poser davantage de problèmes.\n \n \nAu fil des ans, plusieurs épidémies inattendues de fièvre charbonneuse (ou maladie du charbon), causée par Bacillus anthracis, ont en effet eu lieu en Sibérie notamment. Capable d’infecter notre espèce, cette bactérie est surtout dangereuse pour les herbivores et le bétail.\n \n \nUne épidémie particulièrement importante a ainsi eu lieu à l’été 2016 dans le district autonome de Iamalo-Nénétsie et a entraîné la mort de 2 350 rennes. Cette épidémie a coïncidé avec un épisode particulièrement chaud dans le Grand Nord russe… L’explication privilégiée est que le pathogène a été libéré suite au dégel de la carcasse d’un animal mort du charbon jusque-là prise dans le permafrost. En plus des rennes, plusieurs dizaines d’habitants ont dû être hospitalisés et un enfant est décédé.\n \n \nLes anciens foyers de charbon identifiés affectant les rennes en Sibérie remontent à 1848. Au cours de ces épidémies, c'est souvent la consommation des animaux morts qui a causé la maladie chez les humains.\n \n \n \n \nD’autres hypothèses existent pour expliquer ces épidémies, comme l’arrêt de la vaccination contre la maladie du charbon et la surpopulation de rennes.\n \n \nDangereuses pour les populations au niveau local, des épidémies de charbon déclenchées par le dégel du pergélisol ne devraient néanmoins pas avoir de conséquences lourdes au niveau mondial : l’infection des herbivores par la fièvre charbonneuse reste commune sur la planète. Il est donc peu probable qu’elles entraînent une pandémie.\n \n \nRéémergence de résistances anciennes ?\n \n \nUne autre préoccupation est de savoir si des organismes résistants aux antimicrobiens pourraient être libérés dans l’environnement par le dégel des sols anciens.\n \n \nDe nombreuses études ont démontré que des gènes de résistance (aux antibiotiques, etc.) peuvent être détectés dans des échantillons de pergélisol. Ces gènes, que les bactéries se transmettent entre elles, leur permettent de devenir résistantes aux antibiotiques. Cela n’a rien d’étonnant, car de nombreux gènes de ce type ont évolué à partir d’organismes vivant justement dans le sol.\n \n \nL’environnement, notamment au niveau des rivières, est déjà fortement contaminé par des organismes et des gènes de résistance divers. Il est donc douteux que les bactéries rescapées du permafrost changent la donne à ce niveau, d’autant que les résistances utiles hier ne le sont pas forcément aujourd’hui…\n \n \nDes données encourageantes, mais qui n’empêchent pas d’être prudents. Chaque nouvelle étude met en effet en lumière de nouveaux genres de virus capables de résister au temps, pris dans les sols gelés – ce qui incite à rester vigilant, sans tomber dans des scénarios catastrophes qu’aucun fait scientifique ne vient pour l’heure alimenter.\n \nPaul Hunter est consultant pour l'Organisation mondiale de la santé. Il reçoit des financements du National Institute for Health Research, de l'Organisation mondiale de la santé et du Fonds européen de développement régional.","link":"https://theconversation.com/la-fonte-du-permafrost-de-larctique-libere-des-germes-anciens-faut-il-sinquieter-197123","enclosure":null}]}}}